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Biomedical subjects

H Albert

Publications and source records attributed to H Albert.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Circadian rhythm of liver parameters (cellular structures, mitotic activity, glycogen and lipids in liver and serum) during three consecutive cycles in phenobarbital-treated rats.

The circadian rhythm of gastric content, serum alkaline phosphatase (alk.P.), serum lipids, body weight (wt), relative (rel.) liver wt, cellular structures (by light- and electron-microscopy), mitotic activity of hepatocytes, glycogen content, protein and lipids in liver was studied in 180 male Sprague-Dawley rats orally treated at 0830-1030 with 50 mg/kg phenobarbital (PB) for 7 days. Thereafter, five PB-treated males and five controls each were studied at 4-hr intervals at 0600, 1000, 1400, 1800, 2200 and 0200 on 3 consecutive days. The lighting schedule in the colony was 12:12 = light/dark (light from 0600 to 1800). Following the rhythm of gastric emptying, the rel. liver wt showed a clear circadian rhythm with a peak at 0800. The rel. liver wt was raised in PB-treated rats at all times of the day. The circadian rhythm of cellular structures was closely related to the hepatic glycogen content which exhibited a clear rhythm with the peak also at 0800, but lowered values were found in PB-treated rats. The mitotic activity of hepatocytes was significantly increased in PB-treated rats but displayed the same circadian rhythm as controls with peaks at noon and troughs at midnight. The well-known hypertrophy of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in PB-treated rats was not found at 0600, but was fully developed at 1400 and 2200. PB-treatment increased significantly the liver content of cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids. Liver cholesterol showed a clear circadian rhythm with peaks at 1800. No rhythm of liver protein, triglycerides and phospholipids was observed. In serum, levels of cholesterol were significantly elevated, those of triglycerides and alk.P. significantly lowered, while those of phospholipids were not affected by the treatment. The three serum lipids, alk.P. and beta-lipoprotein exhibited a clear circadian rhythm, while serum glucose and non-esterified fatty acids did not.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Influence of pentoxifylline administered in vivo on the synthesis of PGI2 in human varicose veins.

The influence of pentoxifylline on the synthesis of prostacyclin (PGI2) was studied using human varicose veins removed by a stripping operation. Patients got 100 mg pentoxifylline iv. during the operation. The synthesis of PGI2 was studied according to the inhibition of the ADP-induced platelet aggregation without and with addition of substrate (100 ng prostaglandinendoperoxide H2) to the incubation fluid. There were no changes in the synthesis of PGI2 compared to control values.

Epoprostenol↗
PubMed1987

Circadian rhythm of the liver of male rats dosed with phenobarbital--I. Organ weight, cellular structures, glycogen contents and mitotic activity.

The circadian rhythm of the liver, namely organ weight, cellular structures (by light-microscopy), glycogen content (by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction) and mitotic activity, was studied in 166 male Sprague-Dawley rats orally treated daily at 0800-0900 with 70 (study 1) or 50 (study 2) mg/kg phenobarbital (PB) for 7 days. Thereafter, eight (study 1) or five (study 2) rats each were studied at 4-hr intervals at 1000, 1400, 1800, 2200, 0200, 0600 and 1000 through till the following day. The lighting schedule in the colony was 12:12, light:dark (light from 0600 to 1800). The liver weight was raised in PB-treated rats at all times of the day compared to controls and showed a distinct circadian rhythm with a peak at 1000 and a minimum at 2200 in PB-treated rats and the controls. The circadian rhythm of cellular structures was closely related to the hepatic glycogen content which was in good agreement with the controls, but at 1400 and 1800 the glycogen particles were more distinctly diminished in the enlarged centrilobular hepatocytes of PB-treated rats. The mitotic activity of hepatocytes was markedly increased in rats treated with PB but showed the same circadian rhythm as controls with a peak at 1000.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Circadian rhythm of the liver of male rats pre-treated with phenobarbital--II. Hexobarbital sleeping time and lipids content in liver and serum.

The circadian rhythm of hexobarbital sleeping time and lipids content in liver and serum were studied in 226 male Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated daily at 0800-0900 with 70 mg/kg (study 1 or 3) or 50 mg/kg (study 2) phenobarbital (PB) orally for 7 days. Thereafter, eight (study 1) or five (study 2 and 3) rats each were studied at 4-hr intervals at 1000, 1400, 1800, 2200, 0200, 0600 and 1000 through the following day. The lighting schedule in the colony was 12:12 +/- light:dark (light from 0600 to 1800). The hexobarbital sleeping times of PB-pretreated rats were generally shortened compared to the controls and no circadian rhythm was observed. PB-treatment increased slightly the liver content of cholesterol, and significantly that of triglycerides and phospholipids. Liver cholesterol and phospholipids showed circadian rhythms with peaks during the dark phase. No circadian rhythm of liver triglycerides existed. In serum, levels of triglycerides and phospholipids were slightly lowered by PB-treatment, while levels of cholesterol and beta-lipoprotein were not influenced. Serum values did not exhibit circadian rhythms.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Nutritional status in stomach cancer--a criterion for evaluating operability?].

The nutritional status of 41 male patients with carcinoma of the stomach was recorded, right after admission to hospital, and was related to tumour-specific operability. The nutritional condition of most of the patients was moderately impaired. Significant differences between operable and non-operable patients were recorded from the following parameters: upper-arm circumference, haemoglobin concentration, serum albumin, pseudocholinesterase, intradermal testing, E-rosette count. The findings thus obtained provided some limited information on operability.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1986

[Epidemiologic studies of neuropsychiatric morbidity in the Reichenbach/V. district (analysis of 1980)].

The medicostatistical evaluation of the total of neuropsychiatric patients belonging to the district Reichenbach/V. with outpatient medical care for 50.3 thousand inhabitants (from 16 years onward) of the year 1980 is presented. From 8665 persons registered 1510 (e. g. 2.5% of the total population/59.3 thousand) consulted the psychiatrist; 811 of them consulted the doctor for the first time, whereas in case of 699 patients it had happened repeatedly. From the total of 4066 consultations there belong 820 to the department of psychiatry (54.3%) and 690 (45.7%) to the neurological department including borderline cases. Taking into account all specialized clinical inpatient care and permanent nursing in asylums the period-prevalence for schizophrenia is 1.83% (ICD-295) and for affective psychoses (ICD-296) 1.27%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Nutritional status and quality of life following gastrectomy].

The nutritional status of 18 patients after total gastrectomy was recorded by anthropometric measures, serum protein and immunological investigations. 15 patients underwent gastrectomy due to carcinoma, the others due to benign diseases. Those patients with carcinoma had been free of signs of malignancy for at least 6 months. According to the elected criteria no patient had a normal nutritional status, there were slight to moderate disturbances of the protein metabolism. By mass reduction the body of the gastrectomised patients had adapted to the decreased intake of protein and calories. In this way the body reaches a new balance and remains efficient. The quality of life of most gastroectomised patients is satisfactory. It depends on the incidence of alimentary complaints and the ability of intake of sufficient food. On the basis of these results there are no serious arguments against Graham's oesophagojejunostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Reservoir capacity of esophagojejunostomy following gastrectomy determined by the radioisotope method].

The substitute reservoir emptying was determined quantitatively in 16 patients with total gastrectomy by means of the radio-isotope method. The continuity was restored in 15 patients by an entero-anastomosis in modification according to Graham and in one patient by esophagoduodenostomy. The investigation was carried out in 11 patients with total gastrectomy in upright position and in 4 patients in lying position. As control group there were used 14 normal subjects. The emptying traces, the radioactive half-life, and the emptying rate show a clear acceleration of the emptying. The behaviour of the emptying returns to normal in lying position. A constant relation of these findings could not be found out compared with the nutritional state or the postprandial complaints.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1982

[Amino acid resorption and protein metabolism following total gastrectomy in the rat].

The investigations were carried out in rats by means of the amino acid 15N-glycinee 6 to 12 weeks after the gastrectomy. 10 rats were operated by Graham and 9 by Longmire, Gütgemann. 12 rats as a control group were not operated. The animals got a single dose 15N-glycin with the food in the beginning of the experiment. The excretion of the isotope was measured every twelve hours for 5 days. All rats had a positive nitrogen balance. The rats operated by Graham excreted with the urine significantly less 15N than the rats of the other two groups. These differences were caused by different fast adsorption of the amino acids likely, at this the rats operated by Graham absorbed retardingly evident qualified by the absent duodenal passage. These disturbances of the amino acid absorption are not aggravating, because the nitrogen balance and the protein synthesis rate of the animals were normal.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

[Malabsorption from the surgical viewpoint].

Malabsorption following surgical procedures on the GI-tract happens only in rare cases, such as blindloop-syndrome, short gut-syndrome, internal fistulae and dumping syndrome after partial gastric resection. Pathophysiological background and therapeutical possibilities as well as parenteral nutrition are discussed in detail.

Avitaminosis↗
PubMed1980

[Current state and perspectives of the use of the 15N-tracer technic in gastroenterologic studies].

The importance of 15N as tracer in medical research is increasing. Since 1965 many results were obtained in cooperation of surgeons (Surgical clinic of Karl-Marx-University; Bezirkskrankenhaus St. Georg, Leipzig) and coworkers of Central Institute of Isotope and Radiation research. Using 3 test models (15N-labelled amino acid solution, permanent infused; 15N-labelled glycine, given as one single dose; 15N-labelled casein, oral given) healthy persons, patients in stress condition and after gastric operations and rats after performing several types of gastric operations were studied. Possibilities of calculations with mathematical models are shown.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

[Preoperative phase of colonic surgery (author's transl)].

The existing possibilities to prepare colon and rectum for surgery are discussed, optimal nutrition just before operation is particularly stressed. The efficiency of oral and parenteral antimicrobial prophylaxis ist pointed out. Apart from contra-indications, orthograde lavage of the bowel is the method of choice.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Perforated gastric and duodenal ulcer (635 cases) (author's transl)].

Perforation could be observed in 10.14% of all patients with gastroduodenal ulcer admitted to our clinic from 1946 to 1976. 23.16% of these patients were older than 61 years, whereas 15.9% were younger than 30 years. 91.18% had typical symptoms of perforation, symptomless were 6.93%. 1.81% arrived moribund in the hospital. During the last 30 years as a rule the perforation was only sutured, primary resection was being performed only in rare cases. Nowadays, in cases of perforated duodenal ulcer we add vagotomy plus pyloroplasty to the suture. The total mortality rate came up to 22%, with a significant decrease from 1946 to 1975.

Adolescent↗