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H Adriaanse

Publications and source records attributed to H Adriaanse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Alcohol consumption and correlates among children in the European Community.

The first survey on adolescent drinking in the European Community in 1990 showed that differences in the prevalences of weekly drinkers by country are large. Prevalences in Italy and Greece are more than twice the average on the one hand, and hardly any child drinks weekly in Ireland on the other. Explanatory variables from three scientific domains, i.e., drinking among friends, drinking by parents, alcohol permissiveness by parents, pocket money, weekly smoking, and disco visits, are related with weekly drinking, confirming the theory of different mechanisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Topology of PhoE porin: the 'eyelet' region.

A model for the topology of the PhoE porin has been proposed according to which the polypeptide traverses the outer membrane sixteen times mostly as amphipathic beta-sheets, thereby exposing eight loops at the cell surface. Until now, no evidence has been obtained for the surface exposure of the third loop. Recently, the structure of porin of Rhodobacter capsulatus has been determined. The proposed model of PhoE is very similar to the structure of the R. capsulatus porin, which has an 'eyelet' region, extending into the interior of the pore. The proposed third external loop of PhoE might form a similar 'eyelet' region. To determine the location of the predicted third external loop of PhoE, multiple copies of an oligonucleotide linker encoding an antigenic determinant of VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were inserted. All hybrid proteins were properly inserted in the outer membrane. The monoclonal antibody MA11, directed against the linear FMDV epitope, was able to bind only to intact cells expressing a hybrid PhoE protein with at least three copies of the FMDV epitope present. Antibiotic sensitivity tests and single-channel conductance measurements revealed that the insertions influenced the channel size. These results are consistent with a location of the third loop of PhoE within the pore channel.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

In search of factors responsible for noncompliance among tuberculosis patients in Wardha District, India.

From September 1988 to February 1989 52 compliant and 50 noncompliant tuberculosis outpatients who were prescribed antituberculosis drug regimens were interviewed in Wardha District, India. Patients were compared by means of a questionnaire with previously fixed response options in order to identify which factors were responsible for having complied or not. Discriminant analysis demonstrated differences between completers and noncompleters on several health belief items, in particular those regarding health motivation, the perceived severity of the disease, costs and benefits of the treatment regimen and self-efficacy. Compliers reported more physical symptoms at the onset of the disease, whereas more noncompliers mentioned a deteriorated health condition at the time of interviewing. Low associations were found between demographic and socioeconomic variables and adherence, except for some indicators of income level. The relationship between presence of social support and cooperation with the treatment procedure was confirmed. An indication of an educational problem was the association between the compliance behaviour of a patient and his or her knowledge of specific aspects of the disease, the origin of tuberculosis and features of the drug regimen. Satisfaction with the health care provider contributed positively to the continuation of drug intake.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Smoking habits in medical students and physicians in Groningen, The Netherlands.

Smoking habits and attitudes towards smoking of medical students (n = 725), house officers (n = 126) and consultants (n = 236) of the University Hospital of Groningen were studied, in 1989 by means of a World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire. Overall response rate was 84%. Twenty seven percent of the medical students are current smokers, 28% of the house officers and 34% of the consultants. There is a remarkable difference among medical specialists i.e: smoking prevalence is highest among psychiatrists and lowest among paediatricians. The prevalence of smoking in medical students and house officers is lower than in the Dutch population. Smoking habits of the consultants are similar to those of the general population. About 75% of the doctors reported having no experience with smoking cessation programmes. Doctors report a need for more skills and knowledge on smoking cessation programmes.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Nurses' smoking worldwide. A review of 73 surveys on nurses' tobacco consumption in 21 countries in the period 1959-1988.

Nurses are the largest professional group in health care. Nurses' smoking is not only important to their personal health, but also to the public's health. Analysis of smoking prevalences found among nurses in 21 countries in the period 1959-1988 shows that considerable numbers of both female and male nurses are smokers. More often than not there are found as many smokers among nurses as among the general population, sometimes even more. Only in Canada and Finland female nurses smoked clearly less than the population at large. Nurses' smoking prevalences decreased slowly in industrialized countries. An exemplary role is recognized by many nurses; more so by non-smoking nurses than by their smoking colleagues. Factors influencing nurses' smoking are professional socialization, duality of roles, workstress, discrepant expectancies about nurses' role and lack of social support. Theoretical explanations for nurses smoking by means of the theories of strain, of selection, of social control and of professional subculture are discussed. Future research should be internationally coordinated and aimed at comparability within a cultural and organizational context.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1991

NASBA isothermal enzymatic in vitro nucleic acid amplification optimized for the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection.

Isothermal nucleic acid amplification of target RNA or DNA sequences is accomplished by the simultaneous enzymatic activity of AMV reverse transcriptase, T7 RNA polymerase and RNase H. Amplification factors of the nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) method range from 2 x 10(6) to 5 x 10(7) after 2.5 h incubation at 41 degrees C. During NASBA there is a major accumulation of specific single stranded RNA. RNA:DNA hybrid and double stranded DNA are also synthesized, although to a minor extent. The system is optimized for the detection of HIV-1 sequences in in vitro infected cells, blood and plasma. Detection levels are 10 molecules of HIV-1 in a model system with in vitro generated HIV-1 RNA as input and 5 infected cells on a background of 5 x 10(4) non-infected cells. Blood and plasma can also be used as the source of nucleic acid for detection of HIV-1 sequences using a specifically developed sample preparation method. Using NASBA it is possible to amplify specifically RNA or DNA from a pool of total nucleic acid, which permits the investigation of the expression of specific genes involved in pathogenesis of infectious agents. The combination of NASBA with a rapid and user-friendly nucleic acid extraction method makes the whole procedure suitable for large scale diagnosis of infectious agents (e.g. HIV-1).

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Tobacco prevention in hospitals needs prolonged and sustained effort.

The smoking control, policy implemented at a Barcelona hospital over a 3-year period resulted in a reduction of smoking in the hospital and a raised awareness of the exemplary role health professionals can have. However, participation by health professionals in the project decreased over the 3-year period. Although reduced, the smoking rate in the hospital still is at a high level; this should trigger health professionals to further exploit their potential in smoking reduction efforts.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Smoking by physicians in Scandinavia: 1952-1989.

The purpose is to describe smoking behaviour of physicians and of the general population in the Scandinavian countries. Data on smoking behaviour in physicians and in the population at large were collected from 14 surveys. The smoking prevalence dropped among male and female physicians in the period under study. Changes for the general male population were similar, but smoking among the general female population changed little. If the present changes continue, physicians could be a smokefree profession by the year 2000.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Smoking recidivism among an age cohort of men in Zutphen (The Netherlands): 1960-1985.

Current smoking decreased and former smoking increased among a cohort of originally middle-aged men in Zutphen during the period 1960-1985. Cohort analyses revealed two distinct advantages in comparison with the usual cross-sectional analyses: inconsistent answers on never smoking could be eliminated, and former smokers resuming their habit could be traced. Recidivism of smoking increased strongly during the period 1977-1985. If recidivism of smoking affected younger cohorts as well, it could develop into an important health problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Smoking behavior of medical students, house officers and specialists in Groningen, 1989].

Smoking habits and attitudes towards smoking of medical students (n = 725), house officers (n = 126) and consultants (n = 236) of the University Hospital of Groningen were studied in 1989 using a WHO questionnaire. Overall response was 84%. Twenty-seven percent of the medical students, 28% of the house officers and 34% of the consultants are current smokers. The prevalence of smoking in medical students and house officers is lower than that in the Dutch population. Smoking habits of consultants are similar to the general population. The prevalence of smoking Dutch physicians which was 56% in 1983 is decreasing rapidly. Doctors report they want more information about smoking cessation programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Smoking behavior of Dutch family physicians in 1983-1988].

General practitioners' smoking behaviour in The Netherlands is described on the basis of survey data collected in the period 1983-1988. Until 1983 a large majority of the Dutch family physicians were smokers (1957: 82%, 1983: 56%). The smoking prevalence then was higher among physicians than among the male population. After 1983 a new development set in. Three inquiries showed that among Dutch physicians the smoking prevalence in 1988 was lower than that among the male general population (29 versus 37%). Dutch family physicians have stopped smoking to a larger extent than the physicians in any other EC-country (43% ex-smokers). Young entry-level doctors more and more tend to be never-smokers.

Europe↗
PubMed1990

Outer-membrane PhoE protein of Escherichia coli K-12 as an exposure vector: possibilities and limitations.

The phosphate-limitation-inducible outer-membrane protein (PhoE) of Escherichia coli K-12 can be used in an expression system as a carrier for foreign antigenic determinants, facilitating their transport to the bacterial cell surface. The system is very flexible, since insertions varying in length and nature can be made in different cell-surface-exposed regions of PhoE protein, without interfering with the assembly process into the outer membrane. Multiple insertions of an antigenic determinant can be made in the second and eighth exposed regions, resulting in a total insert length of up to 30 and 50 amino acid (aa) residues. Insertions can be made in two exposed regions, simultaneously. However, some limitations were encountered, e.g., insertion of eight or more hydrophobic aa residues affected both the translocation process across the inner membrane and the assembly process into the outer membrane. Also, the insertion of sequences containing many charged residues resulted in accumulation of precursor protein in the cytoplasm.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗