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Biomedical subjects

H Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to H Adachi.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Purification and characterization of recombinant human interleukin 5 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

Recombinant human interleukin 5 (rhIL-5) expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells was purified and characterized. Molecular heterogeneity was observed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Two major components of Mr around 40,000 were detected under non-reducing conditions. However, under reducing conditions, the Mr of rhIL-5 was determined to be 22,000 and 20,000. After treatment with endoglycosidase F, a band with an apparent Mr of 18,000 was observed. Treatment of rhIL-5 with 2-mercaptoethanol followed by N-ethylmaleimide resulted in its dissociation into a monomeric form. This alkylated rhIL-5 was biologically less active than intact rhIL-5. These results suggest that rhIL-5 exists as a dimer, and that the heterogeneity of rhIL-5 is mainly due to the difference in the content of carbohydrate. Moreover, the formation of disulfide bond(s) might be important for the biological activity of rhIL-5.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Combined choriocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Combined choriocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma in the lung of a 71-year-old Japanese male is reported. In the upper lobe of the right lung (S1 + 2), a choriocarcinoma coexisted with an adenocarcinoma, but distinct metastatic lesions were noticed separately in the lungs, kidney, bone marrow and lymph nodes. Although immunohistochemical examination revealed intensely positive reactivity with anti-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in trophoblastic cells, weak immunoreactivities were also observed in a few cells with anti-human placental lactogen (HPL), anti-pregnancy-specific beta glycoprotein (SPI), anti-epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), anti-cytokeratin (keratin) and KM-93 (lung adenocarcinoma-associated antibody). In the adenocarcinoma, the tumor cells were positively stained for CEA, EMA, keratin and KM-93, but there were no positive reactivities for HCG, HPL and SPI. These findings suggest that primary choriocarcinoma of the lung may arise through dedifferentiation of adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Two familial cases of Jordans' anomaly. Ultrastructural studies and the development of fat-containing vacuoles in the neutrophilic series.

A study was conducted on two brothers with Jordans' anomaly. Fat-containing vacuoles were noticed in all leukocytes of the peripheral blood and cells of the myeloid series including myeloblasts, but the serum lipids showed no abnormalities. However, cells of the erythroid series, megakaryocytes and platelets did not contain these vacuoles. An increase in vacuole number was observed as the leukocytes matured. Histochemically, it was suggested that these vacuoles contained neutral fat based on staining with Sudan III and Nile blue sulfate. Ultrastructurally, these vacuoles were unassociated with lysosomes or other cell organelles. Although the etiology of Jordans' anomaly could not be clarified by this study, genetic factors may be involved.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Osteosarcoma with prominent epithelioid features.

Osteosarcoma in the metaphysis to epiphysis of the left femur of a 17-year-old male is reported. The lesion appeared osteolytic with sclerotic foci on roentgenographs, accompanied by an extensive tumor shadow in the surrounding soft tissue. While 60% of the tumor was necrotic, histological examination of the remaining viable tissue revealed that it consisted almost entirely of a sheet of epithelioid cells, separated by thin, fibrovascular septa with an alveolar-like pattern, suggestive of metastatic carcinoma. Only a few areas were characterized by malignant osteoid tissue intermingled with the above cells, showing significant positivity for bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase, thus permitting a diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Autopsy findings revealed that the metastatic foci were histologically similar to those of the primary tumor. Electron microscopy revealed poor development of cytoplasmic organelles, supporting possible derivation from an osteoblastic cell lineage at an early stage.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

The effects of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose on rat liver mitochondrial respiration.

The inhibitory effects of pure galloylglucose (1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose) on the respiratory chain of rat liver mitochondria were investigated. The respiratory control ratio (RCR) decreased by 50% on addition of 20 microM pentagalloylglucose to highly coupled mitochondria, but the adenosine-5'-diphosphate/oxygen (ADP/O) ratio decreased only slightly. The RCR disappeared and the ADP/O ratio could not be measured at concentrations of pentagalloylglucose above 30 microM. On the other hand, the uncoupler-induced oxygen consumption was also inhibited. These findings suggest that pentagalloylglucose at low concentrations inhibits the electron transport system to decrease the RCR, but scarcely impairs the membrane, practically retaining the coupled reaction, while at high concentrations it impairs the structural integrity of the mitochondrial membrane. Pentagalloylglucose competitively inhibited succinate dehydrogenase activity, and noncompetitively inhibited reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase and ubiquinol-1 oxidase activities of submitochondrial particles (SMP). However, it did not show significant inhibition of the cytochrome c oxidase activity of SMP. It is thus concluded that pentagalloylglucose, which is the lowest-molecular-weight component of tannic acid, exerts its effect on mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation through action on the membrane and on succinate dehydrogenase, NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome bc1 complex of mitochondria.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Inhibitory effects of tetragalloylglucose on the complex II of mitochondrial respiratory chain of Ascaris muscle.

The effects of tetragalloylglucose (1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose) on purified complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial electron transport system of Ascaris muscle were studied. Both succinate-ubiquinone-1 (Q1) oxidoreductase, and succinate dehydrogenase measured with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) in the presence of phenazine methosulfate (PMS) were inhibited by tetragalloylglucose. The inhibitions of both reductase activities of complex II were of competitive type, and the inhibitor constant (Ki) for Ascaris complex II (148 nM) was lower than that for rat liver complex II (1.5 microM). Thus, Ascaris complex II is much more sensitive to this inhibitor than the mammalian counterpart.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Modulation of mitogenic activity of tumor necrosis factor by interferons and dexamethasone.

Effect of interferon (IFN)s on fibroblast growth enhancing activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was examined. IFN-gamma and -beta inhibited TNF-mediated growth stimulation of FS-4 cells. IFNs also inhibited dexamethasone (DEX)-mediated amplification of mitogenic activity of TNF. Significant inhibition was still demonstrable when IFN-gamma was added 2 days after treatment with TNF. On the other hand, no mitogenic activity of TNF was observed when cells were pretreated with IFN-gamma for 6h. These results suggested that interaction between TNF and IFN-gamma might play a role in modulation of some inflammatory processes in vivo.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of hemodialysis on left ventricular performance: a Doppler echocardiographic study].

Left ventricular systolic and diastolic performance was examined using Doppler and M-mode echocardiography in 42 patients with chronic renal failure before and after hemodialysis. Twenty patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, 22 without hypertrophy and 30 normal subjects were studied. Chronic renal failure patients showed significantly larger chamber diameters of the left ventricle, left atrium and right ventricle than did normal subjects. This group also exhibited greater fractional shortening, stroke volume and cardiac output. Before hemodialysis, patients with left ventricular hypertrophy had a significantly higher cardiac output and the greater ratio of late to early diastolic peak flow velocities (A/R) than did patients without hypertrophy. After hemodialysis, there were significant reductions in blood pressure, ventricular and atrial dimensions, stroke volume and cardiac output. The velocities of early and late diastolic left ventricular filling and the deceleration rate were also significantly reduced. The heart rate, A/R, deceleration half time, and the ratio of deceleration half time to acceleration half time (DHT/AHT) were significantly increased. The greater the amount of fluid removed, the greater the changes in the above values. Patients with left ventricular hypertrophy exhibited significant reductions in fractional shortening, ejection fraction, stroke volume and cardiac output, compared to those without hypertrophy. However, patients without hypertrophy showed more significant decrease in the acceleration half time and increase in DHT/AHT than did patients with hypertrophy. These findings demonstrated normal systolic function and impaired diastolic properties in patients with chronic renal failure, who had left ventricular hypertrophy unaccompanied by dilatation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical significance of the technetium-99m/thallium-201 overlap in acute myocardial infarction].

The region of overlap of thallium-201 (Tl) and technetium-99m pyrophosphate (Tc) was evaluated as a scintigraphic prognosticator of future necrosis. Serial time courses of myocardial perfusion according to Tl and left ventricular wall motion evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiography (2D echo) were used in 22 patients. In all, dual energy emission computed tomography (dual-SPECT) showed the Tl/Tc overlap on identical slices on the third post-infarction day. According to the results of dual-SPECT, the patients were categorized in three groups: nine with large Tl/Tc overlap (group A); five with small Tc accumulation and small Tl/Tc overlap (group B); and eight with large Tl defect and Tc accumulation, which are concordant with each other (group C). Tl-201 SPECT and 2D echo were attempted serially on the 1st and 2nd days, the 7th-10th days and the 28th-30th days. To estimate infarct size with Tl-201 SPECT, we measured pixel counts of eight short-axis images with the 40% cut-off level and computed "% defect". To evaluate the viability of the myocardium, "% Tl uptake" was computed from the ROIs both in the centers of the infarct areas and their border zones. 2D echoes of the left ventricular short axis at the chordae tendineae level were recorded to identify the time course of percent fractional area change (% FAC) of the ischemic left ventricular wall. The scintigraphic results were compared with the serial changes of regional ejection fraction in the areas of infarcts and ischemic lesions. The % defect remained unchanged in group C (29.2 +/- 11.5----25.7 +/- 8.3%); whereas those of groups A and B decreased significantly (21.2 +/- 11.3----9.9 +/- 6.3%, 13.8 +/- 2.6----5.4 +/- 2.9%, respectively). In groups A and B, % FAC improved significantly in the centers of the infarct areas and the border zones, but not in group C. Exercise-induced ischemia determined by redistribution of Tl at the chronic phase was observed more frequently in groups A and B than in group C. These findings indicated that more myocardium can be saved from necrosis in group A than in group C. In conclusion, it is suggested that there is considerable viable myocardium in patients with large Tl/Tc overlap on dual-SPECT.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Changes in release of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and leucine aminopeptidase from renal tubular cells under anaerobic conditions.

Although the urinary excretion of NAG and gamma-GTP has been employed as an index of renal injury, the mechanism of release of these enzymes remains unclear. In the case of renal ischemic injury, we recently reported that u-NAG and u-gamma-GTP were not correlated well with the degree of renal damage especially in the late phase of ischemic injury [1]. In order to elucidate the relationship between release of these enzymes and renal ischemic injury, we devised an in vitro model of anoxic injuries to renal tubular cells and measured the time-course release of NAG (a lysosomal enzyme), gamma-GTP and LAP (brush border enzymes) at 37 degrees C under five different aerobic and anaerobic conditions (95% O2, 20% O2, 10% O2, 3% O2 and 0% O2). The ATP and lactate levels in the system were also measured to estimate the metabolic state of the tubular cells. In the 3% O2, 10% O2 and 20% O2 groups, NAG, gamma-GTP and LAP were released into the media at a similar rate to that in the 95% O2 group, and anaerobic damage to the renal tubular cells was not observed. In the 0% O2 group, the NAG in the medium increased from 60 to 180 min at a significantly higher rate than that of the 95% O2 group, and a linear relationship was observed between NAG concentration and incubation time (r = 0.73), although NAG did not increase significantly at 30 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylglucosaminidase↗