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Biomedical subjects

H Abe

Publications and source records attributed to H Abe.

At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Control of phenotypic expression of cultured B16 melanoma cells by plant glycosides.

The effects of two plant glycosides, ginsenosides Rh1 and Rh2, on the growth and differentiation of mouse melanoma (B16) cells in culture were studied. These plant glycosides have a dammarane skeleton resembling a steroid skeleton as an aglycone. Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits the growth of B16 melanoma cells, causes morphological alterations, and stimulates melanogenesis at high cellular density. When ginsenoside Rh2 was removed after 2 or 6 days of treatment, the growth rate recovered slightly but not completely, during the period of observation (4 days after removal). On the other hand, ginsenoside Rh1 does not inhibit the growth of melanoma cells even at concentrations over 100 microM but stimulates the expression of the melanotic phenotype. Ginsenosides Rh1 and Rh2, possessing a glucose molecule at C-6 and C-3, respectively, have very similar chemical structures, but their effects on B16 melanoma cells differ remarkably. While it appears that the degree of differentiation is inversely related to cell growth, the present observations suggest that the differentiation and growth capacity of this B16 melanoma subline are independent phenotypic expressions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia--neurovascular decompression established by Jannetta].

The etiology of trigeminal neuralgia has been unknown. However, recently, trigeminal neuralgia is believed to be caused by vascular cross compression at the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve. Posterior cranial fossa approach for the neurovascular decompression was enhanced by Jannetta et al. They emphasized that the pain was relieved by surgery. In this report, we will discuss the operative findings and results in a series of 8 patients who have undergone neurovascular decompression. The postoperative progress in all of these patients was excellent and relieved of the pain. There was neither mortality nor any significant complication. We stress that the neurovascular decompression surgery is now well justified as the definite treatment for the trigeminal neuralgia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Surgical results and clinical analysis of 19 cases of acromegaly].

The authors have been analyzed the results from 19 patients who underwent transsphenoidal microsurgery for their pituitary adenomas. All of the patients showed some degree of clinical improvement after surgery. Surgical complications seemed to be negligible except one patient who had suffered from persistent diabetes insipidus postoperatively. The results in terms of postoperative GH levels were almost good in 17 patients in whom preoperative GH levels had been below 100 ng/ml. There was no relationship between postoperative GH values and tumor grades or types (in Hardy's classification) in this group of patients. In 12 of them, postoperative GH values fell and remained below 5 ng/ml, although abnormal GH responses to dynamic testing were still noted. On the other hand, the results were particularly poor in the remaining 2 patients in whom preoperative GH levels had been higher than 100 ng/ml. Postsurgical radiation therapy was applied to 5 cases. Postirradiation GH values decreased in all 5 cases, but did not reach to the normal level (below 5 ng/ml) in 3 of them.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1985

[The evaluation of the nutritional condition and the absorptive capacity in long-term follow-up of infants with short bowel syndrome].

The nutritional conditions and absorptive capacity of nine infants with short bowel syndrome were investigated during a long follow-up period from one and half years to 14 years and 7 months. The length of the residual small intestine ranged between 13 and 90cm. The nine infants had normal meals at home and did not suffer from persistent diarrhea. Most of the infants were thin. Nutritional conditions, for example, serum protein, triglycerides, vitamins, trace elements and plasma amino acids, were kept relatively well, and there were no symptoms of deficiency. The results of D-xylose absorption test had gradually improved but the absorptive capacity of sugars and amino acids observed by potential differences were within the normal limits or slightly subnormal except one infant. This indicated that the absorptive capacity of sugars and amino acids per a given area of the residual small intestine did not increase. From our examination the critical length of intestine might be in the neighborhood of 50cm. The infants left with less than 50cm of small intestine seem to have grown up normally but malabsorption of fat, sugars and bile acids have continued for many years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of lenampicillin in oral and maxillofacial infections].

Clinical efficacies of newly developed synthetic oral ampicillin prodrug lenampicillin (LAPC, KBT-1585) applied to 109 cases of oral infection were studied. There were 7 dropout cases. The results as determined on a point system are as follow: Remarkably effective, 26 cases; effective, 63 cases; and not effective, 13 cases, for an efficacy rate of 87.3%. When rated by the subjective judgement of the doctors in charge, these figures are as follow: remarkably effective, 21 cases, effective, 67 cases; slightly effective, 10 cases; and not effective, 4 cases. The rate of efficacy in this way being 86.3%. In either way, the results obtained were favorable. Among 102 cases in this study, pus was aspirated with sterile needle from obstructed abscesses in 65 cases, with the result that 161 strains of bacteria were isolated and identified. Most of infections were found mixed type by aerobic Gram-positive cocci and anaerobes. Especially, cases caused by alpha-Streptococcus were observed in 48 out of 55 mixed infective cases. LAPC's MIC distribution against the detected bacteria showed strong antibacterial effect as follows: against Gram-positive cocci, less than 0.39 micrograms/ml; against Gram-negative bacteria (excluding some insusceptible strains), less than 3.13 micrograms/ml. Thus, LAPC demonstrated a superiority when compared to CEX by 4 approximately 128-fold, and when compared to AMPC by about 2-fold. Adverse reactions among the 109 cases consisted of 6 cases of gastro-intestinal disorders including 3 cases of diarrhea. Recognized cases of abnormal laboratory findings were 3 cases out of 76 (3.9%), but none were serious.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Serum lipid peroxide levels in rats with inherited cataracts.

In a new strain of rat with inherited cataracts, a postnatal increase in serum lipid peroxide level was observed. It reached the maximum on the 13th day after birth. This seems to be a reflection of the increased lipid peroxides in the liver. In accordance with the increase in serum lipid peroxide level, the occurrence of vacuoles in the subcapsular fibers of the posterior region of the lens was observed by electron microscopy, suggesting a relationship between the increase in serum lipid peroxides and the provocation of cataract formation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

[Two cases of giant fusiform aneurysm presenting ischemic attacks].

It is said that major clinical sign of giant fusiform aneurysm is so-called mass sign compressing surrounding tissues and ischemic attack caused by the aneurysm is very rare. The authors experienced such uncommon two patients with partially thrombosed fusiform aneurysm who developed ischemic attack. Case 1: A 68-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in semicomatous state with ocular bobbing and decorticate posture of sudden onset. Enhanced CT scans taken at admission showed a presence of homogenously enhanced mass continuing to bilateral posterior cerebral arteries, which compressed the pons from right ventro-lateral side (Fig. 1 a,b). Plain CT scan taken 10 days after admission demonstrated extensive low density area in the pons (Fig. 1c). Basilar artery and P1 segment of the right posterior cerebral artery are ectatic, tortuous and elongated (Fig. 2a). The ectatic basilar artery was displaced upward and posteriorly (Fig. 2b). He developed locked-in syndrome and died of pneumonia six months after admission. At autopsy, large aneurysm measuring 3.5 X 2.0 X 1.9 cm was verified in the basilar artery (Fig. 3a). Cross section of the basilar artery aneurysm showed that laminated thrombosis nearly occupied the lumen with partially unobstructed portion (Fig. 3b). Also, horizontal section of the pons demonstrated a presence of old infarction located in the perforating arteries territory (Fig. 3c). Case 2: A 42-year-old man was initially hospitalized in 1978 because of multiple intracranial meningiomas and subtotal removal of meningiomas located in the tuberculum sellae and the foramen magnum was performed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Nidus embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformation fed mainly by a pericallosal artery prior to surgical excision. Case report].

Nidus embolization of large arteriovenous malformation (AVM) by silastic spheres is not rarely performed prior to surgical excision of AVM. This technique is highly indicated for the large AVM supplied by the middle and the posterior cerebral arteries since silastic spheres injected into either the internal carotid or the vertebral arteries usually enter the middle or the posterior cerebral arteries due to less sharp angle from the main arteries. The authors report a case whose AVM, fed mainly by the anterior cerebral artery, was successfully embolized with silastic spheres using balloon catheter technique. On December 1, 1983, a 27-year-old man was admitted to our department with chief complaint of headache and clonic convulsion of the left upper and lower limbs. Convulsion began in 1973 and severe headache suddenly appeared two months prior to admission. He was neurologically asymptomatic on admission. Right internal carotid angiogram taken on admission showed a presence of large arteriovenous malformation in the medial portion of the right fronto-parietal lobe and corpus callosum fed mainly by the right pericallosal artery. Nidus embolization with silastic spheres was planned to make surgical removal easier. To prevent stray of silastic spheres into the right middle cerebral artery, balloon, introduced into the M1, was inflated for a few minutes, during which time, injection of 40 silastic spheres of 1.5 and 2.0 mm in diameter was performed via the right internal carotid artery. The nidus was significantly reduced and total removal of the nidus was successfully done 28 days following the embolization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Intracardiac flow dynamic alterations with a prosthetic mitral valve studied by pulsed Doppler technique].

Intracardiac flow dynamic alterations in patients (pts) with prosthetic mitral valve (PMV) were studied to assess prosthetic valve functions using pulsed Doppler technique and two-dimensional echocardiography. The study population consisted of 23 pts who underwent mitral valve replacement (11 with the Starr-Edwards disc valve, nine with the Björk-Shiley tilting disc valve, two with the Hancock porcine valve, and one with the homograft valve), 20 pts with mitral stenosis, and 17 control subjects (15 healthy persons and two with lone atrial fibrillation). All pts had a normal functioning PMV by clinical evaluation except for one patient with a dysfunctioning homograft valve, which was angiographically documented. Flow velocity patterns were obtained at various sites in the left ventricle (LV) and the left atrium (LA). Flow dynamic alterations in pts with PMV were evaluated from the half time of transmitral flow velocity descent in diastole, as an index of the atrioventricular pressure gradient, the extent of dispersion of Doppler frequency spectrum of intraventricular flow as an index of the degree of flow disturbances and the Doppler signals with broadening spectra indicating transvalvular regurgitant flow into the LA. The results were as follows: In pts with PMV, the velocity of transmitral flow decreased slowly and linearly throughout diastole. The half time was significantly prolonged for pts with PMV as compared with that for control subjects (272 + 94 ms [mean + SD] vs 79 + 15 ms, p less than .001), though it was shorter than that in pts with mitral stenosis (457 + 145 ms, p less than .001). In pts with PMV, the half time for pts with the Björk-Shiley valve was relatively short as compared with that for pts with other valve. Marked prolongation of the half time (483 ms) was observed in a patient with a dysfunctioning homograft valve. These findings indicate that any PMV is obstructive, even with normal valve function, as compared with healthy mitral valves and that the Björk-Shiley valve is superior to the other PMVs studied in regard to the pressure gradient across PMV. Diastolic flow velocity patterns in the LV were highly dependent on the type of PMV. Apparently, the flow characteristics in the LV were disturbed in every patient with PMV regardless of the type of PMV. The high pressure gradient across the PMV suggested by the prolonged half time in pts with PMV, may be partially caused by flow disturbances produced by PMV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Dual innervation of substance P-containing neuron system in the wall of the cerebral arteries.

The present study has shown the presence of substance P-like immunoreactive (SPI) fiber plexuses both in the carotid and vertebrobasilar systems in the Mongolian gerbil, suggesting that the origins of SPI fibers in these two systems differ. The present study further demonstrated in the guinea pig, using experimental manipulations, the dual origin of SPI fibers in the cerebral arteries; one from the trigeminal ganglion (TG) that mainly innervates the carotid system, and the other that separates from the TG and mainly innervates the vertebrobasilar system.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Erythrocyte deformability in aging.

Blood viscosity and the deformability and other properties of erythrocytes were compared among 60-, 150-, 320- and 710-day-old rats. Blood viscosity was remarkably higher in the 320- and 710-day old rats than in those 60- and 150 days' old. Measurement by the capillary centrifugal method showed that the deformability of erythrocytes is significantly decreased with age. The increase in blood viscosity with aging could be attributed to the decrease in erythrocyte deformation. Osmotic fragility and the number of higher density erythrocytes also increase with age. The negative surface charge in erythrocytes obtained from old rats was higher than in those from younger rats.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Stimulatory effect of peptide histidine isoleucine amide 1-27 on prolactin release in the rat.

Intravenous injection of pure peptide histidine isoleucine amide 1-27 (PHI) resulted in a prompt and significant increase of plasma prolactin (PRL) in conscious freely-moving male rats. Using a perifusion system of rat anterior pituitary tissues in vitro, effluent PRL levels were also increased by 10(-8)-10(-7) M PHI. A PRL releasing potency of PHI was almost similar with that of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) or TRH both in vivo and in vitro. Coupled with the recent immunocytochemical studies showing the dense network of PHI immunoreactive fibers around the hypophysial portal vessels, PHI might be another candidate for PRL releasing factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The mechanism of decreased Na+-dependent D-glucose transport in brush-border membrane vesicles from rabbit kidneys with experimental Fanconi syndrome.

In our previous paper (Yanase, M. et al. (1983) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 733, 95-101) we reported that the Na+-dependent D-glucose uptake into brush-border membrane vesicles is decreased in rabbits with experimental Fanconi syndrome (induced by anhydro-4-epitetracycline). In the present paper we investigate the mechanism underlying this decrease. D-Glucose is taken up into the osmotically active space in anhydro-4-epitetracycline-treated brush-border membrane vesicles and exhibits the same distribution volume and the same degree of nonspecific binding and trapping as in control brush-border membrane vesicles. The passive permeability properties of control and anhydro-4-epitetracycline-treated brush-border membrane vesicles are shown to be the same as measured by the time-dependence of L-glucose efflux from brush-border membrane vesicles. D-Glucose flux was measured by the equilibrium exchange procedure at constant external and internal Na+ concentrations and zero potential. Kinetic analyses of Na+-dependent D-glucose flux indicate that Vmax in anhydro-4-epitetracycline-treated brush-border membrane vesicles (79.3 +/- 7.6 nmol/min per mg protein) is significantly smaller than in control brush-border membrane vesicles (141.3 +/- 9.9 nmol/min per mg protein), while the Km values in the two cases are not different from each other (22.3 +/- 0.9 and 27.4 +/- 1.8 mM, respectively). These results suggest that Na+-dependent D-glucose carriers per se are affected by anhydro-4-epitetracycline, and that this disorder is an important underlying mechanism in the decreased Na+-dependent D-glucose uptake into anhydro-4-epitetracycline-treated brush-border membrane vesicles.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cerebral ischemic response-like hemodynamic changes induced by telencephalic ischemia in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

The effect of bilateral common carotid occlusion on systemic hemodynamics was investigated in the gerbil with and without bilateral carotid sinus denervation. Irrespective of the sinus denervation, telencephalic, severe ischemia produced significant changes in the heart rate and systemic arterial blood pressure, similar to those observed in cerebral ischemic response. These hemodynamic changes, associated with cerebral ischemia, may play an important role in affecting the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Discriminative structural analysis using pattern recognition techniques in the structure-taste problem of perillartines.

Pattern recognition techniques have been applied to the study of structure-taste correlations for perillartine derivatives. The structure of each compound was described by hydrophobicity (log P), logarithm of water solubility (log S), and topological descriptors relating to some positions which were assigned by superposing each compound on a "template" structure. The fragment molecular connectivities were calculated as the topological descriptors. The discriminant functions between the sweet and bitter taste classes were computed by the use of the simplex optimization technique, which correctly recognized most of the compounds under investigation. It was found that the hydrophobicity and one or two topological descriptors concerned with a specific part of the molecules contributed significantly to the discrimination. The discriminant function obtained correctly classified seven of nine compounds (which were not involved in the data set for developing the function) into the taste class to which they belonged.

Cyclohexenes↗