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Biomedical subjects

H Abe

Publications and source records attributed to H Abe.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Hemodynamic evaluation of vascular reconstructive surgery for childhood moyamoya disease using single photon emission computed tomography.

To evaluate the efficacy of vascular reconstructive surgery for childhood moyamoya disease, the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 31 hemispheres of 16 patients was examined by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using the 133Xe inhalation method. Results were divided into two groups; 17 hemispheres with superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis [A(+) group] and 14 hemispheres without anastomosis [A(-) group]. The mean hemispheric CBF (mCBF) and regional CBF (rCBF) in the frontal, temporal, occipital, and basal ganglia regions were calculated. Pre- and postoperative SPECT on the 10 hemispheres of the A(+) group showed an increase in mCBF in 6 hemispheres, the disappearance of the low perfusion area (LPA) in all 5 hemispheres where LPA was present before surgery, and an improvement in rCBF distribution (an increase in rCBF in the frontal and temporal lobes and a decrease in the basal ganglia). This suggests that vascular reconstruction is greatly effective in treating this disease. A comparison between the A(+) group and the A(-) group by postoperative SPECT, as well as the clinical outcomes and the postoperative findings of electroencephalography and angiography, revealed that the A(+) group was superior to the A(-) group in the frequency of LPA (12% and 43%, respectively) and rCBF in the frontal region where STA-MCA anastomosis was usually performed. These results indicate that STA-MCA anastomosis with indirect synangiosis is the most effective treatment of childhood moyamoya disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Giant internal carotid aneurysm at the cavernous portion with abrupt disappearance of N20 100 minutes after carotid occlusion--case report.

A 69-year-old female with bilateral giant internal carotid aneurysms at the cavernous portion was admitted with complaints of diplopia and radiating pain. The aneurysm on the left side was larger and symptomatic, and treated with the internal carotid artery ligation and the superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) double bypasses. However, intraoperative somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) monitoring revealed the disappearance of N20 100 minutes after the carotid occlusion and rapid recovery of N20 following flow restoration. Therefore, a high-flow bypass using radial artery grafting was installed, and carotid ligation was performed again without any change in SEP. Postoperative angiograms demonstrated complete disappearance of the aneurysm and sufficient blood supply through a patent high-flow bypass. Although both STA-MCA double bypasses were occluded, no change in cerebral blood flow was detected by single photon emission computed tomography. Her neurological deficits improved, and she is being followed as an outpatient with a plan of second surgery for the remaining aneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Follow-up study on metastatic cerebellar tumor surgery--characteristic problems of surgical treatment.

Recently, the incidence of metastatic cerebellar tumors has increased. The authors operated on 12 cases of metastatic cerebellar tumors, with total or subtotal removal of nodules in brain metastases. Surgical complications observed as a result of postoperative investigation are presented. 1) Some cases developed carcinomatous meningitis within a short period. During removal of a tumor on the superior cerebellar surface attention should be paid to the prevention of dissemination to the cerebral cisterns adjacent to the tumor. 2) Some cases demonstrated peritoneal metastasis probably due to dissemination via the ventriculoperitoneal shunt tube, suggesting that great care should be taken during a shunt operation after removal. 3) Both carcinomatous meningitis occurring after removal and remote metastasis via the shunt tube were related to recurrence after removal of the cerebellar metastatic lesion, raising the issue of whether or not total macroscopic removal should be included in the indications for surgical treatment of cerebellar metastasis. Those cases in which surgery is indicated should also be routinely treated by postoperative irradiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Clinicopathological study of multiple gliomas--report of three cases.

Three cases of multiple gliomas with postmortem findings including a rare case of multicentric glioma are presented. A 59-year-old female was hospitalized with decreased mental activity and gait disturbance. Computed tomographic (CT) scans and magnetic resonance (MR) images showed two independent mass lesions in the left frontal and the right temporal lobes, shown by postmortem to have no communication. Histologically, they were a gemistocytic astrocytoma and an anaplastic astrocytoma, respectively. Therefore, multicentric glioma was diagnosed. A 66-year-old male was admitted with slow mentation and gait disturbance. CT scans and MR images demonstrated two mass lesions; one overriding the bilateral frontal lobes through the corpus callosum and the other in the left temporal lobe. Postmortem examination showed that both lesions were glioblastoma and the left temporal tumor was accompanied by subarachnoid dissemination. A 29-year-old male was hospitalized with gustatory hallucination and convulsions of the right upper extremity. CT scans revealed two mass lesions in the right frontal and the left temporal lobes. MR images demonstrated communication between the two lesions through the corpus callosum. The left temporal tumor developed into the occipital lobe and another new lesion appeared in the right temporal lobe despite chemotherapy and irradiation. Postmortem examination revealed communication between the three masses through the corpus callosum. Histologically, all three tumors were glioblastoma. Multicentric gliomas have been reported at various incidences from 2.3 to 9.1%. However, multicentric gliomas with multiple tumors of different histologies are very rare and only 16 cases have been reported. MR imaging is more valuable than CT scanning to detect communication between two or more lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Histopathological observation of dense particulate hydroxyapatite consolidated in the frontal sinus of dogs.

Dense particles of hydroxyapatite (HAP) were consolidated in the frontal sinus of dogs, and bone formation with time was observed in undecalcified ground sections using Cole's HE stain. In the HAP mass on the experimental side, a small amount of newly generated bone was seen around the inner wall of the sinus after 3 months. Even after 12 months, bone formation was still limited to the surrounding region and did not extend to the central region of the sinus. In the sinus opened area, bone formation was seen from both ends of the bone along the HAP particles, and ossiferous closing was observed without leaving a recess at 12 months. On the control side, yellow bone marrow tissue, pneumatic spaces or cyst formation were seen, and a recess was left in the sinus opened area in all cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Temporal response of leukocyte accumulation in the thoracic cavity after two types of surgical injury.

To characterize pleural healing, we quantitated leukocyte accumulation in the pleural cavity and histological changes after two types of thoracic surgery. Rabbits underwent intercostal thoracotomy followed by abrasion of the parietal pleura and ligation and resection of the right middle lobe of the lung (group A), or only abrasion of the parietal pleura (group B). After surgery, the influx of leukocytes into the pleural exudate was characterized by an increase in the number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) followed by monocytes/macrophages. In group A, the total number of leukocytes reached maximum levels on days 5-7 after surgery, 80% of which were monocytes/macrophages. In group B, the total number of leukocytes reached peak levels on postsurgical day 3, 85% of which were monocytes/macrophages. Histologically, we observed a relative delay in pleural healing in group A compared with group B. An inflammatory response including appearance of fibrinous exudates and infiltration of acute inflammatory cells occurred in group A on days 1-3 after surgery. On days 5-7, an increase in submesothelial connective tissue was seen. An increase in cellularity was observed in this layer (fibroplasia) and the wound surface was covered by macrophagelike cells. In group B, disappearance of fibrinous exudates and fibroplasia occurred by day 3. In both groups, these histological changes from inflammatory phase to proliferative phase occurred on the day when the number of monocytes/macrophages in the pleural cavity reached peak levels. These data demonstrate that different types of thoracic injury alter the kinetics of leukocyte accumulation in the pleural cavity and the healing process of parietal pleura, suggesting that macrophages that accumulate in the pleural cavity may be implicated in postsurgical repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Double athetosis with Bielschowsky bodies--their histological features and distribution in the lateral pallidum].

This report analyzes a rare case of double athetosis with Bielschowsky bodies. These bodies are pleomorphic intra-neuronal PAS positive deposits mainly found in the lateral palladium of both sides. Clinically the patient was diagnosed as "double athetosis" and mild mental retardation. In her childhood she went through seizure attacks several times. The degree of athetosis was more severe in the upper extremities than in the lower ones. At the age of 25 she died from suffocation. Post-mortem findings: The brain weighed 1520 g. The cerebral cortex and cerebellum were not atrophic and externally not remarkable. Microscopically the most remarkable finding was PAS positive intra neuronal inclusions mainly restricted to the lateral pallidum, which are known as "Bielschowsky bodies." They varied in size and shape, and divided into 2 types according to their structural features. One is rather round type mostly in the intra-neuronal perikarya, and the other is small round but sometimes sausage-like in shape which is thought to be intra-axonal. We investigated the distribution of these deposits in and around the lateral pallidum. The distribution was different between these 2 types, that is, small and intra-axonal inclusions were seen "diffuse" all over the lateral pallidum and a little were in medial lamina which lies between lateral and medial pallidum, while large intra-perikaryal type were strictly restricted in the lateral pallidum and dominantly found near the internal capsule. This patient experienced generalized convulsion several times in her childhood but severe ischemic change was not seen in cerebral structures, especially in the hippocampus. Electron microscopically these bodies consisted of the accumulation of irregular fine fibrils.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of cystic metastatic intracranial amelanotic melanoma--analysis of findings in CT and MRI].

A case of cystic intracranial metastatic amelanotic melanoma is presented. As far as we know, cyst formation in intracranial melanoma is rare, and only 15 cases of intracranial amelanotic melanoma have been reported until now. A 63-year-old man was admitted with headache and progressive visual disturbance. CT scan revealed a large low-density mass with ring-like enhancement in the left frontal lobe. Both T 1-and T 2-weighted MRI images revealed hyperintensity. A left frontotemporal craniotomy was performed. A yellowish mass was observed in the frontal lobe. The content of the cyst consisted of old hematoma, xanthochromic fluid and necrotic tissue, was evacuated and the cyst wall was totally resected. No abnormal pigmentation was noted in the cyst wall and surrounding brain tissue. The histological examination revealed amelanotic melanoma. Primary lesion was found on the left thigh later and resected. The patient died of further intracranial metastasis with repeated hemorrhage 5 months after the admission. Both CT and MRI findings of our case is atypical as an intracranial malignant melanoma. However, these are compatible with those of intracerebral hemorrhage in subacute stage. It is suggested that melanoma may make the diagnosis difficult when tumor hemorrhage modifies the images of CT or MRI.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy: a case report].

A 30-year-old man with chronic sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) lasting more than seven years was treated with propranolol, 30 mg/day. This resulted in controlled cardiac rates of 90 to 130/min during sleep, and 100 to 195/min while awake. However, he experienced Adams-Stokes attacks twice, in September and December, 1986. During the second attack, ambulatory heart monitoring showed his VT rate of 212/min. An electrophysiological study revealed that the VT focal point was in the lower-mid region of the interventricular septum in the right ventricle. The VT was characterized by abnormal enhanced automaticity. This VT could not be interrupted either by single or multiple combinations of antiarrhythmic drugs. Cardiac catheterization revealed a diffusely enlarged hypokinetic left ventricle, even at the rate of 120/min VT (EF 27%, C.I. 2.3 l/min/m2). Because of his severe hemodynamic state, we performed electrical catheter ablation successfully. After the ablation, his left ventricular wall motion gradually improved. Nine months after the ablation, his left ventricular diastolic dimension decreased from 64 to 48 mm and the left ventricular systolic dimension decreased from 57 to 28 mm on M-mode echocardiography, while ejection fraction increased from 27 to 73% on the left ventriculography. Bi-ventricular myocardial biopsy specimens obtained prior to the ablation revealed only cellular hypertrophy of varying degrees, and vacuole degeneration consistent with non-specific cardiomyopathy. However, nine months after the ablation, these findings were no longer present. Thus, this case was considered tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy initiated by VT, lasting many years.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of mannitol administration and myelotomy on acute experimental spinal cord injury: investigation by spinal cord evoked potential].

The authors reported the changes in spinal cord evoked potential following impact injury by the weight-dropping technique in untreated and treated animals. The effect of mannitol and myelotomy therapy on spinal cord evoked potential in experimental spinal cord injury was discussed. (Materials and Methods) 32 adult dogs, ranging in weight from 9 to 13 kg, were used. 28 dogs received 300 gm-cm contusion of the T10 spinal cord. Eight dogs were not treated and twenty dogs were treated with mannitol. Ten dogs were treated with intravenous continuous infusion of mannitol (1g/kg/hr) 30 minutes after the injury, and ten dogs with intravenous bolus injection of mannitol (2 g/kg) at 30 minutes and 3 hours after the injury. At one hour after the injury, five dogs with 400 gm-cm contusion were treated with posterior midline myelotomy. The spinal cord evoked potential following direct stimulation of the spinal cord was recorded from the epidural space for 5 hours. The recording electrode was located cephalad to the site of the impact injury. (Results and Discussion) In each group, the amplitude of I potential decreased remarkably immediately after the injury. Subsequently, gradual recovery was obtained. In the untreated 300 gm-cm contusion group, no apparent improvement was seen from one hour after injury. On the other hand, in the mannitol-treated group, the recovery of the amplitude was superior to that found in the untreated group at a significant level of P less than 0.05. However, in the group with intravenous bolus injection of mannitol, the recovery was transient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Aging in the human tongue from autopsies. Histometrical study. 1. Degree of stenosis of lingual arteries].

Tongues from 119 autopsies were fixed in 20% neutral formalin. The transversely cut segments from the middle parts of the tongues were embedded in paraffin. Histologic sections of 5 microns thickness were prepared. Lingual tissue were examined histologically. Specimens were stained by hematoxylin-eosin, elastica van Gieson, and Azan-Mallory stainings. The stenotic index of human lingual arteries (area of lumen/area of intima and lumen of lingual artery x 100) (S.I) was calculated on the elastica van Gieson-stained slides by using an image analyzer system (Pias, LA555N). The results were as follows: 1. The lingual arteries, showed rupture and multilamellation of lamina elastica interna, as well as proliferation of intimal elastic fiber in almost all cases. 2. A decrease in the S.I was indicated in the lingual arteries with the progress of aging. 3. Calcification was observed at the intima and media of lingual arteries in a small number of cases (5 cases). These findings indicated that histological changes due to arteriosclerosis of lingual arteries was intimal thickening and lipid deposion; atherosclerotic changes was not observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical and pathological study of dysplasia, early invasive carcinoma and invasive carcinoma (the invasion 5mm deep) in oral cavity].

This study was carried out to clarify the clinico-pathological conditions of dysplasia, early carcinoma and invasive carcinoma (the invasion 5mm deep) in oral cavity. 57 cases (61 lesions), Which were resected by surgery alone, and diagnosed histologically as dysplasia, early invasive carcinoma and invasive carcinoma (the invasion 5mm deep), were used. All lesions were serially sectioned, and the relationship between clinical and histological appearances were examined. Further, a disease map was made in order to examine the distribution of carcinoma. Age of patients with an early carcinoma showed a wide distribution. Sex were 33 males and 24 females. Twenty-two cases of dysplasia showed white, red, red and white patch, and papillary outgrowth. Twenty-three cases of early invasive carcinoma showed same appearance as those of dysplasia. Sixteen cases of 5mm depth invasive carcinoma showed white, red, white and red patch, and granular and ulcerous appearance. In red lesions, so-called atypical vessels were seen. Atypical vessels were recognized as punctation. The punctation in area of dysplasia and carcinoma in situ were regular in shape. On the other hand, the punctation in 5mm deep invasive carcinoma became irregular in size and orientation. There was no correlation between the size and level of invasion. Fixed survival was 95.5% in early invasive carcinoma, 92.9% in 5mm deep invasive carcinoma. There were two types of distribution patterns of early invasive and 3mm deep invasive carcinoma; multi-centric and mono-centric pattern. All of 5mm deep invasive carcinoma showed mono-centric pattern, but the outline of carcinomatous area was more complicated in shape.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Preventive effect of post-ischemic reperfusion injury by terminal Nicorandil-Mg cardioplegia].

In this study, we evaluated the preventive effect of post-ischemic reperfusion injury by Nicorandil-Mg cardioplegia (Nic: 8 mg/l, Mg: 20 mEq/l) given just prior to reperfusion as "terminal cardioplegia". Nineteen dogs were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass and the aorta was cross-clamped for 90 min under hypothermic (17-19 degrees C) cardioplegic arrest. The hearts of ten dogs were reperfused without terminal cardioplegia (Group A). In the other nine dogs, terminal cardioplegia was given for 2 min prior to reperfusion (Group B). During and after a period of ischemia, myocardial tissue calcium ion (t-Ca) and PCO2 (t-PCO2) were continuously monitored by ISFET (ion sensitive filed effective transistor) sensor. Myocardial tissue blood flow, oxygen consumption and lactate flux were calculated at 5, 10, 20, 40 min of reperfusion. And myocardial function was evaluated at 45 min of reperfusion. In the initial reperfusion period, Group B showed an improved myocardial tissue blood flow compared to group A (at 5 min of reperfusion in group A: 29.4% of control, in group B: 42.7% of control, p less than 0.025). T-Ca and T-PCO2 in Group B were rapidly and significantly decreased at 5 min of reperfusion (t-Ca in group A: 2.8 +/- 0.5 mM----1.7 +/- 0.5 mM, in group B: 3.1 +/- 0.6----1.2 +/- 0.4, p less than 0.05; t-PCO2 in group A: 117.5 +/- 23.0 mmHg----82.5 +/- 17.4 mmHg, in group B: 127.5 +/- 22.5----42.5 +/- 9.7, p less than 0.001), and group B had better metablic recovery evaluated by myocardial oxygen consumption and lactate flux.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for multiple brachiocephalic artery stenosis: case report].

We encountered a patient with multiple stenotic lesions. He was treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). The patient, a 59 year-old male, complained of right motor weakness. CT scan showed a multiple low density area (LDA) in the distribution of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA), but did not reveal LDA in the distribution of the left MCA on the affected side. After hospitalization, right motor weakness gradually worsened and aphasia became apparent. A repeat CT scan, 8 days after the stroke, disclosed a new LDA in the left watershed zone and the basal ganglia. Angiographical findings revealed a right ICA occlusion, left ICA stenosis, right VA anaplasia and left subclavian artery stenosis, which proved inadequate for anatomical collateral supply. We treated both the left ICA stenosis and the left subclavian artery stenosis by Dotter balloon dilatation catheter, and successfully obtained sufficient dilatation of the vessels concerned. No complication occurred. PTA is a useful method to use in patients with multiple stenotic lesions which might result in ischemic injury if surgical procedures were used. It would also be of value in cases where surgery using general anesthesia might be highly risky.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1990

Gap-junctional communication of bone marrow stromal cells is resistant to irradiation in vitro.

Bone marrow is one of the most radiosensitive organs. Irradiation causes a marked decrease in the total number of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. The reticular meshwork structure of marrow stromal cells, however, is relatively resistant to irradiation. Unimpaired stromal cell structure has been thought to be a prerequisite for the repopulation of hematopoietic cells during recovery from the effects of irradiation. The reticular framework is maintained by cell adhesion apparatuses such as gap junctions. The in vitro radiobiologic survival values of a cloned stromal cell line, H-1/A, were studied (ñ = 1.8, D0 = 138 cGy). Radiation doses of up to 4000 cGy had no detectable effects on the production of colony-stimulating factor 1. H-1/A cells communicate with each other via gap junctions as determined by the sensitive dye-transfer method. Gap-junctional communication between H-1/A cells was resistant to different levels of irradiation (500 to 10,000 cGy), but it was lost during adipocyte differentiation of H-1/A cells. Marrow stromal cells, which are important in the recovery of hematopoiesis, seemed capable of coordination with each other through gap junctions even when exposed to radiation.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical evaluation of the CA 72-4 serum level as a possible tumor marker].

The level of CA 72-4 in serum has been measured in various diseases by an immunoradiometric assay using CA 72-4 RIA Kit for an evaluation of its clinical significance as a possible tumor marker. CA 72-4 showed a high positive rate in patients with ovarian and bile duct cancers. In contrast, the false positive rate was low in benign gynecological and digestive diseases. Serum CA 72-4 was found to be increased in patients with a mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and in other histological types in the early stages of an ovarian cancer. Further, the serum CA 72-4 level changed in parallel with the clinical course of the ovarian cancer. Therefore, our results suggest that measurement of CA 72-4 be combined with measurement of CA 125, so as to provide a better sensitivity and specificity in monitoring an ovarian cancer.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1990

[Two cases of abdominal bronchogenic cyst].

Two cases of abdominal bronchogenic cyst were reported. In the first case, the cyst was communicated with gastric fundus and existed as gastric abscess. In the second case, the cyst showed high CT number and chemical analysis of the contents revealed high range of Ca, Fe and Amylase levels.

Adult↗