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Biomedical subjects

H Abe

Publications and source records attributed to H Abe.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cavernous angioma of the cerebellum and cerebellar atrophy--case report.

A cavernous angioma of the cerebellum occurred in a 55-year-old female presenting with a 3-year history of slowly progressive cerebellar signs and symptoms. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lesion in the left cerebellar nuclei and atrophic change of the affected cerebellar hemisphere. The final diagnosis was made at operation. The cerebellar nuclei and white matter were probably affected by the slowly expanding lesion, with repeated hemorrhage leading to degeneration of the afferent and efferent fibers, and subsequent atrophy of the affected cerebellar hemisphere.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1992

Magnetic resonance findings in spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery--case report.

The magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of a spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) in a 53-year-old male is described. Cerebral angiograms demonstrated a long-segment stenosis of the left cervical ICA beginning above the common carotid bifurcation and extending to the skull base ("string sign"). T1-, T2-, and proton density-weighted MR images of the upper neck revealed a high-intensity crescent mass expanding the arterial wall and narrowing the arterial lumen of the left ICA. This high-intensity mass was considered to represent the mural hematoma of the involved ICA. Gradual improvement of the dissection was confirmed by both angiography and MR imaging. Cerebral angiograms have shown pathognomonic findings such as double lumen and intimal flap in only some patients with ICA dissection. Our experience suggests that MR demonstration of the mural hematoma is specific and important for diagnosis and follow-up in cases of spontaneous dissection of the cervical ICA.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1992

Sacral nerve root cysts manifesting as localized unilateral perineal pain--case report.

A 62-year-old female presented with multiple sacral nerve root cysts manifesting as localized unilateral perineal pain. Myelography just after contrast material injection revealed multiple cysts at the sacral level. However, perioperative dye injection showed hardly any flow in the reverse direction. Only the S3 nerve was constricted by hyperplasia of the dura mater, and adhered to the cyst wall. Other nerves were not constricted, nor adhered to cyst walls. The S3 nerve constriction and tight adhesion was the cause of the pain. The one-way flow of spinal fluid from the spinal subarachnoid space to the cysts is probably closely correlated with cyst formation.

Cysts↗
PubMed1992

Papillary craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle--case report.

A papillary craniopharyngioma localized in the third ventricle occurred in a 45-year-old male. The clinical presentation was unusual and the neuroradiological appearance resembled a choroid plexus papilloma of the third ventricle. The tumor originated from the right anterolateral wall of the third ventricle, forming a discrete mass with prominent papillae formation. The tumor was totally removed by a transcallosal approach without neurological or endocrinological sequelae.

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Radiation-induced insufficiency fractures of the pelvis: evaluation with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy.

99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) bone scans in 80 patients, 30-80 years old (average, 62 years old) with uterine cancer who received high doses of radiation (10-60 Gy; average, 46 Gy) were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the frequency of pelvic insufficiency fractures caused by radiotherapy and to study the appearance of the fractures on bone scans. Bone scans in 29 of 80 patients showed abnormalities in the pelvis: insufficiency fractures were identified in 27 patients (34%) and osseous metastases were found in two patients (3%). The fractures and metastases were diagnosed by CT and were confirmed by observing the patients' clinical courses. Fractures were identified in 27 (39%) of 69 postmenopausal women and in none of 11 premenopausal patients (p greater than .05). Fractures were found in 21 (84%) of 25 patients who had pelvic pain and in six (11%) of 55 patients who were asymptomatic (p greater than .001). Scintigrams in patients with fractures showed more than one fracture in most patients (85%), and fractures were often symmetric (67%). Scintigrams in two patients with osseous metastases showed increased activity in an iliac wing that was outside the radiation field. Our results suggest that a marked increase in insufficiency fractures occurs after radiation therapy, especially in postmenopausal patients. A symmetric area of increased uptake of radionuclide is a characteristic scintigraphic appearance of an insufficiency fracture.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Developmental changes in expression of a calcium-binding protein (spot 35-calbindin) in the Nervus terminalis and the vomeronasal and olfactory receptor cells.

The detailed localization of spot 35-calbindin and its ontogenic change were studied in Nervus terminalis, the vomeronasal organ and the olfactory epithelium of the rat by immunohistochemistry. At the embryonic days 12 and 13 (E 12-13), calbindin-immunoreactive cells were found in the outermost layer of the presumptive olfactory bulb and within the olfactory placode. At E 14 to the postnatal day 1 (P 1), intense calbindin-immunoreactivity was localized in ganglionated fiber bundles of Nervus terminalis coursing through the mesenchymal spaces on both sides of the nasal septum. Nervus terminalis decreased the immunoreactivity abruptly after P 1 and it showed no distinct immunoreactivity for calbindin at P 7 and thereafter. On the other hand, numerous receptor cells in the olfactory epithelium and the thicker vomeronasal epithelium exhibited weak to moderate immunoreactivity for calbindin at E 18-P 1. Their immunoreactivity decreased in intensity progressively after P 7 and no distinct immunoreactivity for calbindin was detected in most of the receptor cells, whereas moderate immunoreactivity was detected in most of the vomeronasal and olfactory nerves at P 28 and P 63.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Development of analytical methods to evaluate SFH.

For the determination of stroma content in SFH, two analytical methods were developed, the HPLC-UV for phospholipids and the enzyme immunoassay for blood group antigen. These analytical methods were applied to evaluate three representative SFH preparations. The 36,000 x g centrifugation method was shown to contain higher amount of stroma components. On the other hand, the BMM-40 nm and the ultrafiltration method with a 100 kd membrane was shown to remove more than 99.7% of phospholipids and almost all of blood group antigen from hemoglobin solutions. These results demonstrated that these analytical methods were very useful in evaluating any highly purified hemoglobin solutions.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1992

[A case of spinal cord glioblastoma multiforme].

A 35-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a 3 month history of progressive paraparesis and impairment of bowel and bladder function. MRI suggested a malignant glioma at the level of T9 to L1. Laminectomy and subtotal removal of the tumor was performed. The surgical specimen was a glioblastoma multiforme. An aggressive adjuvant therapy was scheduled to prevent rapid local regrowth and leptomeningeal dissemination. Radiotherapy with a total dose of 65Gy was delivered with chemotherapy including ACNU (2mg/kg) and vincristine (0.2mg/kg). Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were given intrathecally with a total dose of 1.6 x 10(9) LAK cells with 3 x 10(4) units of IL-2. MRI taken 6 months after surgery revealed no residual tumor, and no malignant cell was detected in the patient's CSF. After physiotherapy, she became able to walk with a stick and was discharged. Chemotherapy (ACNU 2mg/kg/8 weeks) had been further continued for 2 years. She did well until 14 months after surgery, when paraparesis recurred and rapidly progressed to completism. MRI revealed a spinal cord swelling with marked edema, suggesting delayed radiation necrosis. Two years after surgery, MRI showed a marked atrophy of the spinal cord, and no residual tumor. But 3 years after surgery, a round tumor at the level of T11 and T12 was revealed on MRI, and she was admitted to our hospital again. A spinal cord amputation was performed, and the tumor was totally removed without worsening her neurological symptoms. Surgical specimen of the tumor was glioblastoma multiforme again.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Infection of C type hepatitis virus in patients with alcoholism. Studied by serum HCV antibody of C100-3 and 2nd generation].

To investigate the infectious situation and causes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with alcoholism, C100-3 antibody (C100-3) and HCV antibody of the 2nd generation (HCV-2nd) were examined on admission, and the factors that affected the infection of HCV were studied in 226 alcoholics. The positive rate of anti-HCV was as high as 16.4% by C100-3 and much higher by HCV-2nd as 33.2%. The incidence of cases with the history for blood transfusion, drug addict and/or tattoos in alcoholics was as high as 39.4% (89/226). To clarify the influence of the background such as blood transfusion, drug addict and/or tattoos on HCV infection, the positive rate of anti-HCV was compared between those with the background and without the background. In alcoholics without the backgrounds, the positive rate of C100-3 and HCV-2nd were significantly (p less than 0.001) higher than patients without the backgrounds, namely 27.0% vs 9.5%, 56.2% vs 18.2%, respectively. In alcoholics without the backgrounds, the positive rate of anti-HCV became higher in proportion as the age of the patients grows older from 20 to 60 years. These results suggest that a high incidence of HCV infection in alcoholics may resulted from increased the backgrounds that can provide chances of HCV infection and that in those without the backgrounds, alcohol and aging may lead the tolerance to HCV infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effect of manidipine, a new calcium antagonist, on intrarenal hemodynamics in essential hypertension.

The effect of manidipine, a new Ca2+ antagonist, on intrarenal hemodynamics was assessed in essential hypertension and compared with nicardipine, a previously studied Ca2+ antagonist. Identical 2-week studies were repeated before and during the administration of manidipine (10 mg once daily, 2 weeks) in 3 patients with essential hypertension who were given regular- and sodium-restricted diets for 1 week each. The renal function curve (pressure-natriuresis relationship) was drawn by plotting the urinary sodium excretion rate on the y-axis as a function of the systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP) on the x-axis. Assuming that the difference between MAP and the extrapolated x-intercept of the renal function curve represents the effective filtration pressure across the glomerular capillary walls, the intrarenal hemodynamics were calculated (e.g., afferent arteriolar resistance (RA), efferent arteriolar resistance (RE), and glomerular pressure (PG)). During the regular sodium diet, MAP was lowered from 100 +/- 7 to 93 +/- 5 mmHg (p < 0.04) and the effective filtration pressure was lowered from 20 +/- 2 to 10 +/- 3 mmHg (p < 0.05); the renal plasma flow rate (pre: 560 +/- 74 vs. post: 627 +/- 108 mL/min) and glomerular filtration rate (82 +/- 10 vs. 78 +/- 5 mL/min) were not altered. RA remained unchanged (3,800 +/- 700 vs. 3,400 +/- 300 dyn.sec.cm-5; % reduction: 4 +/- 16%) whereas RE was reduced from 4,300 +/- 700 to 3,300 +/- 800 dyn.sec.cm-5 (19 +/- 15%). Thus, PG was lowered from 58 +/- 2 to 50 +/- 2 mmHg (13 +/- 3%), which parallels with the reduction in MAP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1992

[Spinal epidural stimulation for central pain caused by spinal cord lesion].

Epidural spinal cord stimulation was carried out in 4 patients with denervation caused by spinal cord lesion, and we reviewed previously reported cases. Initial result showed at 1 week in 100% of our cases, but about 1/3 of the cases, even those with the same denervation caused by spinal cord lesion, had no pain relief at this stage in previously reported cases. In our cases, excellent pain relief was gained temporarily, even though the painful area and the spinal cord lesion were separated somatotopically in 2 cases (case 3, 4). Temporary success bore no relationship to quality and duration of pain. In all cases except case 1, a rapidly decreasing effectiveness was noted, and finally no pain relief was gained at all after 4, 3 and 5 months, respectively. In case 1 there was persistent pain relief estimated at 70-80% after 19 months, only when the spinal cord was stimulated. Epidural stimulation also produced sensations in the painful area. Spinal cord stimulation would suppress at least the dorsal horn neurons which were destroyed by various kinds of diseases. A decline in effectiveness with time would occur due to essential causes of the deafferentation pain, such as anatomical and regeneration factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical application of phase contrast angiography].

"Phase Contrast Angiography" is a new technique of Magnetic Resonance Angiography as reported by Dumoulin CL et al. Using this technique, we can obtain images of vessels (angiograms) without injection of contrast medium. We present the results of phase contrast angiography on cerebral and spinal vascular disease. We utilized the General Electric SIGNA, 1.5 tesla NMR. One hundred and ninety-one cases of cerebral and spinal vascular diseases were scanned using phase contrast angiography. Included were 90 cases of occlusive vascular disease, 16 cases of moyamoya disease, 39 cases of arteriovenous malformation, and 28 aneurysms. The phase contrast angiography uses flow encoding gradient pulses, which impart a velocity-dependent phase shift to the transverse magnetization of moving spins. The resulting image contains only information from the moving spins; while information from stationary tissue remains suppressed. In cases using 3-D angiogram, we made 32 images 6 degrees apart in their projection direction and displayed them on a video terminal. We were able to visualize occlusions of vessels, aneurysms, bypassed vessels, and abnormal vessels of arteriovenous malformations. Retrospective evaluation comparing phase contrast angiography with conventional angiography of the stenotic findings on the horizontal portion of middle cerebral arteries (64 vessels of 32 patients), resulted in a false positive ratio of 39.1%. We obtained clinically valuable results regarding the hydrodynamics of patients using "phase contrast angiography" non-invasively. These results reveal not only "anatomical" images of vessels, but also "functional" images, which are sensitive to the pattern of the blood flow. This study would strongly suggest that phase contrast angiography presents a valuable tool for the clinical diagnosis of cerebral and spinal vascular diseases.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1992

The association between salt sensitivity of blood pressure and family history of hypertension.

1. The salt sensitivity index (SSI) and family history of hypertension were studied in 140 hospitalized patients with essential hypertension to clarify whether salt sensitivity of blood pressure is related to familial disposition to hypertension. 2. SSI was calculated by dividing the change of mean blood pressure by that of urinary sodium excretion when salt intake was restricted from 15 to less than 3 g/day. 3. Family history of hypertension was classified into three groups depending on the presence or absence of hypertension in the father, mother and siblings. 4. The group without a family history of hypertension showed a significantly lower SSI value than other groups. 5. In multiple regression analysis undertaken within each gender, SSI showed significant partial correlations with blood pressure and family history of hypertension in the female group (r = 0.402 and 0.265, respectively), whereas in the male group it showed a positive correlation only with blood pressure (r = 0.501). These results indicate that salt sensitivity of blood pressure is related to familial disposition to hypertension. This association was more apparent in the female than male group and its gender difference can be partially attributed to the fact that blood pressure in the female group is more sensitive to salt.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of cerebral blood circulation using fast magnetic resonance imaging (turbo-FLASH)].

In its initial stage of development, poor time resolution was supposed to be inevitable for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The development of the gradient echo technique, however, has made an opening for a breakthrough to a fast MRI technique. However, conventional gradient echo technique is not fast enough to disclose the cerebral blood circulation. A new technique (turbo-FLASH), which combines gradient echo and preparation pulse, has opened the door to a true dynamic (high time resolution) MRI. The authors performed a basic study of this new fast imaging technique (Turbo-FLASH) for the evaluation of cerebral blood circulation. Using this dynamic MRI, the conventional Gd-DTPA administration (0.1mmol/kg, intravenous manual administration) has produced sufficient contrast to reveal a difference of the extent of enhancement between normal gray matter and white matter. In patients of cerebral infarction, the infarcted brain does not show any significant increase of signal intensity after the administration of contrast medium, whereas the normal brain shows a sharp increase of signal intensity after the administration of contrast medium. Indeed, many puzzling questions remain to be solved for clinical application of this new dynamic MRI. For example, the optimal quantity of contrast medium and optimal parameters for this sequence (T1 weighted or T2 weighted?) are still unknown. But, in any case, this dynamic MRI is expected to be a clinically powerful tool for the evaluation of cerebral blood flow.

Brain↗
PubMed1992

[Changes in sulfated proteoglycans in alkali injured rabbit cornea].

Morphological changes of sulfated proteoglycans (S-PGs) in the stroma of alkali injured rabbit corneas were examined electron-histochemically following cuprolinic blue (CB) dye binding. The injured eyes were followed for 2 months by slitlamp microscope and photographs. At 1 hour, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months after the injury, the eyes were enucleated and studied. After 1 hour, while both collagen fibrils and the filaments of S-PGs had already become disarranged; the number of S-PGs appeared to decrease. From 3 days to 1 week after, the number as well as the electron-density of S-PGs were markedly decreased in all areas. After 2 weeks, CB-positive large filaments appeared in anterior stroma. These became larger, more abnormal in shape, and displayed a higher electron density 1 month later. Normally arranged S-PGs can be seen at 2 months later. It was concluded that S-PGs were diminished in alkali-injured corneas. Once they were replaced by abnormal filaments, they gradually recovered normal morphology. Further more the time course of S-PG change correlated with that of corneal transparency after alkali injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Fourier analysis of pattern visual evoked potentials and changes of the harmonic component in longstanding optic neuritis].

To determine the clinical usefulness of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for the detection of abnormal pattern visual evoked potentials (P-VEPs), the P-VEPs were recorded using a checkerboard pattern (check size: 14.4') which was reversed ranging from 4 to 16 per second. Fourteen eyes of 7 patients with longstanding optic neuritis and 15 eyes of age-matched normal controls were examined. Means and the standard deviation of the square root of the FFT power as a function of spectral frequency (1.953 x fHz, f = 1-17) were calculated and statistically significant levels between the two groups were studied for each reversal rate. When the reversal rate was more than 8/sec, The 1st or 2nd harmonic components decreased significantly in optic neuritis and the significant levels (p) of the 1st harmonic component were lower than that (p) of 2nd or 3rd harmonic component. When the reversal rate was 6/sec, the 1st and 2nd harmonic components decreased significantly and 1st harmonic component had the same level of significance as the 2nd harmonic component. When the reversal rate was 4/sec, the 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th harmonic components decreased significantly but 1st harmonic component did not. The level of significance of the 3rd harmonic component was the lowest followed by that of 2nd harmonic component.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Evoked Potentials, Visual↗
PubMed1992

[Two cases of the brachiocephalic artery avulsion due to blunt chest trauma].

Two young adult patients with brachiocephalic avulsion due to blunt trauma are reported. Both of them were brought to the emergency room of St. Marianna University Hospital with the blunt chest trauma and lung contusion due to the traffic accident. A widening of the superior mediastinum and mediastinal hematoma surrounding the major branches of the aortic arch were demonstrated on chest roentgenogram and contrast enhanced CT scan, however, these evidences were not valuable for the diagnosis. Aortogram revealed an aneurysmal dilatation at the origin of the brachiocephalic artery in the first case and at its distal portion in the second case. Emergency operation was performed under the simple cross clamp of the brachiocephalic artery without any adjunct means. In the first case, 10 mm knitted Dacron graft was interposed between the ascending aorta and distal segment of the brachiocephalic artery. In the second case, the brachiocephalic artery was replaced with 10 mm knitted Dacron graft. The postoperative course was uneventful and no neurological deficit was noted in these cases.

Adolescent↗