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Biomedical subjects

G Zimmermann

Publications and source records attributed to G Zimmermann.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Articulatory dynamics of fluent utterances of stutterers and nonstutterers.

High speed cineradiography is used to describe the kinematics and spatial and temporal organization of perceptually fluent speech gestures for six stutterers and seven normal speakers. Movements of the lower lip and jaw are analyzed in the CVCs/mam/,/pap/, and /bab/. The results indicate that stutterers consistently show longer durations between movement onsets, achievements of peak velocity and voice onsets than normal speakers. Stutterers also show longer steady state positioning for the lip and jaw during vowel production and a greater asynchrony between lip and jaw movement. The results suggest that in perceptually fluent utterances the organization of events necessary for speech production differs between groups of stutterers and normal speakers.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Articulatory behavior pre and post full-mouth tooth extraction and alveoloplasty: a cinefluorographic study.

High speed cinefluorography was used to track articulatory movements preceding and following full-mouth tooth extraction and alveolplasty in two subjects. Films also were made of a control subject on two separate days. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of dramatically altering the structural dimensions of the oral cavity on the kinematic parameters of speech. The results showed that the experimental subjects performed differently pre and postoperatively though the changes were in different directions for the two subjects. Differences in both means and variabilities of kinematic parameters were larger between days for the experimental (operated) subjects than for the control subject. The results for the control subject also showed significant differences in the mean values of kinematic variables between days though these day-to-day differences could not account for the effects found pre- and postoperatively. The results of the kinematic analysis, particularly the finding that transition time was most stable over the experimental conditions for the operated subjects, are used to speculate about the coordination of normal speech.

Alveoloplasty↗
PubMed1980

Stuttering: a disorder of movement.

Based on the data and discussion in the two preceding papers a preliminary model for disfluency is proposed. Stuttering is identified as movement patterns associated with perceptually judged disfluencies. It is suggested that the speech structures operate within certain ranges of variability in terms of their movement parameters and interarticulator temporal and spatial relations. This variability may be influenced by emotional, perceptual and/or physiological events. When the "normal" ranges are exceeded, the afferent nerve impulses generated alter the gains of associated brainstem reflexes. Altering of the reflex gains throws the articulatory system out of balance and a breakdown in behavior occurs, often manifested as oscillations or static positioning. The influence of physiological and environmental variables on neuromotor processes leading to these patterns is emphasized. The model suggested has been developed from inferences from movement patterns of the upper articulators. Thus, the patterns discussed involve these structures. It is suggested, however, that an understanding of the many behaviors associated with stuttering will be understood only by analyzing the behavioral and neurophysiological interactions among the respiratory, laryngeal, and supraglottal structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Results of heterologous tracheal transplants in animal experiments (author's transl)].

In the present study, 7 x 15 mm Cialit-preserved human tracheal segments were grafted to the tracheas of five 3-month old piglets. 72-120 days later, the animals were sacrificed and the grafts with proximal and distal control areas were removed. Tissues were then examined macroscopically and by light and scanning electron microscopy. We found that: (1) all grafts had taken well; (2) no animal suffered from clinical signs of respiratory obstruction or inflammation; (3) although luminal diameters of the tracheas increased from 8 mm to 22 mm, the size of the grafts remained unchanged but the resulting tracheal stenosis did not cause respiratory obstruction; (4) the graftet areas showed re-epithelialization. The nature of the re-epithelialization as well as the fate of the submucosa and tracheal cartilage will be reported in a subsequent publication.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Purification and properties of spinach leaf cytoplasmic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase.

Cytoplasmic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase has been purified from spinach leaves to apparent homogeneity. The enzyme is a tetramer of molecular weight about 130,000. At pH 7.5, the Km for fructose 1.6-bisphosphate was 2.5 micron, and for MgCl2 0.13 mM; the enzyme was specific for fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. Saturation with Mg2+ was achieved with lower concentrations at pH 8 than at pH 7. AMP and high concentrations of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate inhibited enzyme activity. Ammonium sulfate relieved the latter inhibition but was itself inhibitory when substrate concentrations were low. Acetylation studies demonstrated that the AMP regulatory site was distinct from the catalytic site. Cytoplasmic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase may contribute to the regulation of sucrose biosynthesis in plant leaves.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1978

Effect of pyridoxine on plasma levels of HGH, PRL, and TSH in normal women.

The effect of chronic administration of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) on HGH, basal and TRH stimulated PRL and TSH levels was studied in seven healthy female volunteers. HGH and TSH basal levels remained unaffected. Basal PRL and TRH stimulated PRL and TSH levels were slightly reduced without statistical significance (P greater than 0.05). The results indicate, that stimulation of the hypothalamic dopaminergic pathway by pyridoxine is highly variable and unpredictable. Therefore it seems meaningless to recommend vitamin B6 for the treatment of hyperprolactinaemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Association behaviour of human erythrocyte phosphofructokinase. Dependence of molecular weight on enzyme concentration as analyzed by frontal gel chromatography.

Self-association of human erythrocyte phosphofructokinase has been studied at pH 8.0 and at 4 degrees C in the presence of 2 mM fructose 6-phosphate by means of frontal gel chromatography. Under these conditions the basic associating catalytically active species is the tetramer of the enzyme with a molecular weight of about 330000, the monomers of which having a molecular weight of 83000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate electrophoresis. The experimental data have been compared with various models describing the enzyme association. The mode of association can sufficiently be described by assuming a weakly negative cooperative process in which the association constant of the nucleation step (association of two tetramers to an octamer) is larger than that of the following propagation steps. The geometry of association appears to be approximately spherical.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1977

[Acute solitary gastric erosion (Dieulafoy) (author's transl)].

Acute solitary gastric erosion (Dieulafoy) is one rare cause of fulminant, fatal acute gastric haemorrhage. Conservative treatment is usually lethal and elimination of the source of haemorrhage by active surgical intervention is the only possible form of therapy. The key to successful surgical treatment is early preoperative diagnosis by means of emergency gastroscopy.

Aged↗