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Biomedical subjects

G Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to G Zhang.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[A serological investigation of Legionella infection in eight-species of poultry and domestic animals in Sichuan province].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence rates of Legionella infection in poultries and domestic animals in Sichuan province. METHODS: Serological investigation of antibodies against Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 - 14 and Legionella micdadei was carried out, using microagglutination test (MAT) in eight species of poultries and domestic animals. RESULTS: Infections with multiple serogroups were identified. However, each species had its own major serogroup with positive rates of different serogroups ranging from 0.83% to 59.18%. Positive rates of the poultry and domestic animals were accounted for 7.73% and 4.25% respectively. CONCLUSION: It was suggested that poultries and domestic animals were widely infected with Legionella. It is important to carry out epidemiological surveillance in these domestic animals, poultries and environment for a better control program of this disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[A study on incidence of injury and its socio-economic loss in children and young adults].

OBJECTIVES: To study the current status of incidence of injury among children and young adults and the causes of common injuries, and to estimate its socio-economic loss and extent of harmfulness. METHODS: Pupils in 19 primary and middle schools aged 7 to 18 years, totaling 14,533, were recruited with stratified cluster sampling during 1998 to 1999 in Guangzhou, Maoming, Jiangmen and Shantou. Judgement for injury was based on the following criteria: (1) diagnosed and treated in hospitals or school clinics, (2) a half-day off or more due to injury, and (3) emergency management by pupils' parents or teachers. RESULTS: There were 6 941 pupils suffered from varied injures during the year, with an incidence rate of 47.76% (50.08% for boys and 45.02% for girls). Incidence rate of injury was higher in the middle school pupils (13 - 18 years old, 58.49%) than that in the primary school pupils (7 - 12 years old, 40.08%). The incidence increased significantly with age, with a peak at ages of 13 - 15. Major causes of injuries resulted from falls, injury by sharp articles, collision, traffic injuries and burn/scalds, etc, which usually occurred due to carelessness in sports, playing, walking, bike-riding and working. Frequency of multiple injuries related to the educational level of parents and depended on whether or not an only-child in family. There were 2,173 injured pupils (accounting for 31.3% of the total) visited clinics or emergency department in hospitals and 627 (9.0%) hospitalized for treatment. Twenty-eight percent of the injured pupils were absent from school, with an average absenteeism of 5.6 days. There were 154 injured pupils with transient disability and 53 with permanent disability, with a disability rate of 410.47 per 100,000. Cost for their medical care averaged 81.5 yuan RMB per injured pupil. CONCLUSIONS: Injury was a common and frequently-happened incident among children and young adults and could seriously affect their health, development and growth, studying and their future of children and young adults. Health education, safety-promotion and removing hidden danger for injury are the major measures to prevent from injury, and the government and the whole society should pay great attention to injury issues in children and young adults.

Accidents↗
PubMed2000

[The effect of intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate and prednisolone on rabbits' temporomandibular joints].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the different effects of sodium hyaluronate and prednisolone on the surface of rabbits' temporomandibular joints. METHODS: 20 juvenile Japanese large ear rabbits were divided into 5 groups, including one control group and the other 4 experimental groups. In these groups, half of their right inferior cavity of temporomandibular joints were injected with sodium hyaluronate(25 mg/ml, 0.1 ml), while others were injected with prednisolone(1%, 0.1 ml), then the rabbits were killed on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th days after injection. The specimens were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to compare the different effects on the inferior superfacial structure of the articular disc and the surface of the condyle. RESULTS: Prednisolone could change the uniform distribution of the agglutinating substance on the inferior superfacial of the articular disc and the surface of the condyle. In the 1st-day and the 3rd-day groups, the agglutinating substance decreased in some areas and gathered in other areas. In the 7 th-day group, the distribution of the agglutinating substance on the inferior superfacial of the articular disc and the surface of the condyle were more regular than that of the 1st-day and the 3rd-day groups. In the 14th-day group, the distribution of the agglutinating substance were almost as the same as that of the control group. But sodium hyaluronate didn't change the uniform distribution of the agglutinating substance in every group. CONCLUSION: Prednisolone can change the uniform distribution of the agglutinating substance on the inferior superfacial of the articular disc and the surface of the condyle, while sodium hyaluronate don't have this effect.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[The experimental study on inside-out vein graft for repairing inferior alveolar nerve defect in the rabbit].

OBJECTIVE: This study describes a modification of the vein graft technique inside-out vein graft, creates an autogenous vein conduct with the collagen-rich and Schwann cells exposed to regenerating axons. To compare regeneration of inferior alveolar nerves through two conduits: inside-out vein graft and the standard vein graft. METHODS: 18 adult white rabbits were selected and vena facialises of both sides were harvested. Turned the right vena facialis into inside-out vein and used to bridge an 8 mm defect created in the right inferior alveolar nerve. An 8 mm defect of the left inferior alveolar nerve was bridged by the standard vein graft. After rabbits sacrificed at 8, 14 and 20 weeks, the regenerating nerve cables were harvested from the conduits and performed histologic study. At 20 weeks, performed also electrophysiologic studies and statistical analysis of conductive velocities and histological results. RESULTS: Regenerating nerves connected with proximal and distal nerve stumps on both sides postoperation 8 weeks, a number of regenerating nerve fibers and thickness of axon were gradually increasing. At 20 weeks regenerating nerve on the inside-out vein graft side showed superior function results--faster conduction velocities (P < 0.05) and distinct histological results--much more axon counts (P < 0.05) and thicker mylin sheaths (P < 0.05) compared with contralateral standard vein graft. CONCLUSION: The adventitial surface of vein promotes nerve regeneration by an environment with collagen-rich and Schwann cells. The inside-out vein graft is an original way to repair inferior alveolar nerve.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Stability of fatty acids in stored oyster].

The contents of twenty-three kinds of fatty acids in the lyophilized oyster that stored for 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 days were studied. Oyster fat was extracted from the powder by means of SFE. The extraction was performed for 40 min at a pressure of 37 MPa and a temperature of 50 degrees C with supercritical carbon dioxide containing 8% (V/V) ethanol at a flow-rate of 2 mL/min as liquid carbon dioxide, and the recovery of oyster fat by extraction was over 99%. After being extracted, fat was esterified with potassium hydroxide and methanol. Methyl esters of fatty acid were separated and determined by 30 m x 0.25 mm i.d. x 0.25 micron HP-INNOWax capillary column and MS detector. The injector temperature was 220 degrees C. The column temperature was programmed from 150 degrees C (1 min) to 200 degrees C at 10 degrees C/min and then from 200 degrees C to 250 degrees C at 2 degrees C/min. Twenty-three peaks were identified with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and quantified with area normalization method. The variations of contents of them were shown. During storage, the contents of saturated fatty acids and mono-unsaturated fatty acids were getting higher, and those of polyunsaturated fatty acids were getting lower. The decrease of them was gradual, and there was no special period of stability. And the stability of fatty acids in oyster related to the degree of unsaturation of them. The higher the unsaturation the lower the stable it was. After being stored for 90 days, the content of EPA decreased from 16.94% to 5.43% and that of DHA from 9.25% to 2.86%.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Attenuation of hyperacute rejection from xenograft by reseeding of endothelial cell].

The potential solution to palliate the critical shortage of suitable donor organs for transplantation may be xenogenic transplantation. However, hyperacute rejection (HAR) after xenotransplantation is the main problem in this process. Since the vascular endothelial cell of donor organ is the primary target cell in rejection, the replacement of endothelium in donor organs with endothelial cell from recipients themselves may be beneficial to the prevention of HAR. Discordant xenotransplantation model (guinea pig-to-rat) was adopted in this study. Firstly, endothelial cell from rat abdominal aorta was separated and cultured. Secondly, the guinea pig abdominal aorta of which the endothelium had been removed was cultured with the suspension containing rat endothelial cells (4 x 10(6)/ml). The viability of cultured vessel was assessed using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The guinea pig vessel reseeded with rat endothelial cell was then examined by immuno-fluorescence staining assay to find out whether IgM and C3 in rat serum were bound to it after preincubation with rat serum. It was found that rat endothelial cells grew into the monolayer endothelium on the inner surface of guinea pig vessel with previous endothelial loss. IgM and C3 in rat serum did not deposit along the new endothelium of guinea pig vessel in the treated group as shown by immuno-fluorescence microscopy, whereas possive results were observed in the untreated normal guinea pig aorta. These findings indicate that donor vessel reseeded with endothelial cell from recipients undergoes less severe rejection and this technique may be very useful for the attenuation of HAR.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Invasion behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells correlates with their rheological properties].

We investigated the viscoelasticity, mechanics of adhesion to collagen I coated surfaces and mechanics of adhesin to liver sinosoidal endothelial cells(LECs) among primary culture human hepatocytes, hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells as well as HCC-Inv cells, namely HCC cells capable of invading the artificial basement membrane, Matrigel. The results showed that the above-mentioned rheological properties of HCC cells differed obviously from those of normal hepatocytes. HCC-Inv cells exhibited higher viscoelastic coefficients, higher adhesion forces to collagen I coated surfaces as well as higher adhesion forces to LECs than those of normal hepatocytes and HCC cells. Immunocytochemistry showed the differences in cell morphology and cytoskeleton structure between HCC cells and HCC-Inv cells. A brief discussion was presented in relation to the changes in cell rheological properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and their pathological significance.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed2000

[Biological effects of supplements on soil properties and the growth of Panax quinquefolium].

This paper suggests that the physical and chemical characteristics of soil in American ginseng field were greatly improved after utilization of supplement on soil. Compared with the contrast, the soil gravity ratio decreased from 0.812 g/cm3 to 0.715 g/cm3, while the soil porosity increased from 69.36% to 73.03%. These improvements are benefit for the growth of Panax quinquefolium. Biological observations show that the fresh weight of ginseng root enhanced 53.8%, and the content of total saponins in root enhanced 0.5%-1% (get to 8.28%).

Carbon↗
PubMed2000

[Phacoemulsification in white cataract].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value and technique of Phacoemulsification in white cataract. METHODS: Ninty eyes of senile cataract were divided into two groups by the density of the nuclei. Different operative technique was done in two groups. RESULTS: The success rate of the continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis was 88.9%. Seventy five eyes have got the visual acuity over 0.5 on the first day after the operation. There was significant difference between two groups. The complications of operation were mild corneal edema and posterior capsule tear. CONCLUSIONS: It's difficult to complete the phacoemulsification of white cataract. The surgeons are required the skillful technique and experience. However, phacoemulsification is valuable in white cataract.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The concentration and expression of IL-5 in human nasal polyp tissue].

OBJECTIVE: To study the concentration and expression of IL-5 in nasal polyp tissues and explore its significance in the micro-environment differentiation of eosinophils accumulation and clarify the conception of nasal polyposis. METHODS: The concentration and expression of IL-5 in nasal polyp tissues of 40 patients were determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, and inferior turbinate mucosa from patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers was used as control. RESULTS: 1. IL-5 concentration in the polyp tissues was significantly higher than that in inferion turbinate mucosa(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in inferion turbinate mucosa between the patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). IL-5 concentration in polyp tissues was markedly higher in patients with extensive polypoid change of nasal mucosa, history of previous polypectomy and allergic rhinitis compared with those without these features (P < 0.05). IL-5 concentration had no correlation with age and sex (P > 0.05). 2. 80.1% of the eosinophils were positive for IL-5 and 90.9% of IL-5 positive cells were eosinophils. Only 3.7% of the lymphocytes and neutrophils were IL-5 positive, and IL-5 was not detectable in epithelial cells. IL-5 expression in eosinophils of polyp tissues was remarkably stronger than that of the turbinate mucosa (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in inferion turbinate mucosa between the patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). IL-5 expression of eosinophils in polyp tissues was significantly stronger in patients with extensive polypoid change of nasal mucosa, history of previous polypectomy and allergic rhinitis compared with those without these features (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-5 expression in lymphocytes and neutrophils between polyp tissues and inferior turbinate nasal mucosa (both P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: IL-5 is a key protein in eosinophilic pathologic mechanisms in nasal polyp tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Diagnosis and nasal endoscopic surgery of rhinogenic optic function damage].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnosis and the surgical treatment of rhinogenic optic function damage through transnasal endoscopic approach. METHODS: The clinical characteristics and the results of transnasal endoscopic surgery of 32 cases(32 eyes) with rhinogenic optic function damage were analyzed. RESULTS: Eleven eyes were cured, 20 eyes were improved, 1 eye failed, No recurrence was found within 6 months to 3 years after operation. CONCLUSION: The sinus inflammatory disease might injure optic function. Early diagnosis as is important and the endoscopic sinus surgery combined with appropriate medical drug administration are in effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[CT anatomic measurement of the optic canal and its clinical significance].

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the normal anatomy of the optic canal and its clinical significance. METHODS: The optic canals of 200 normal subjects were examined by thin layer CT scan in axial nd coronal positions. The distance and anatomic relationship with circumferentral structure were measured. RESULTS: In average: (1) The transverse diameter of the optic canal was (3.57 +/- 0.61) mm, the longitudinal diameter was (4.82 +/- 0.38) mm, the length of the inner wall was (12.62 +/- 2.59) mm, the length of the outer wall was (10.18 +/- 2.19) mm, and the length of the optic canal was (11.46 +/- 2.35) mm. The angle between optic canal and the middle line of the skull was 34.34 degrees +/- 6.48 degrees, the angle between optic canal and the intraorbital optic was 10.69 degrees +/- 6.48 degrees. The thickness of the inner wall was (0.68 +/- 0.46) mm. It showed no significant difference between the two sides of the optic canal in diameters(P > 0.05). (2) The optic canal, the superior orbital fissure and the inferior orbital fissure were respectively shown as track, crack and gorge type in CT axial pictures, while in the coronal pictures, they were respectively shown as butterfly eyes, horizontal fissure and vertical fissure type. (3) The relationship of the posterior ethmoid sinus and the optic canal was: anterocanal(42.00%), semicanal(27.5%), whole-canal(18.75%), sella turcica(9.75%) and circumcanal(2.00%). (4) The relationship of the position of the sphenoidal sinus and the optic canal was: I degree sphenoidal sinus(20%), II degree (63%) and III degree (17%). (5) The incidence of the bony defect of the inner optic canal wall was 25.5%. The range of the defect was (5.07 +/- 2.52) mm. CONCLUSION: It's a reliable way to show the relation of the optic canal and circumcanal by CT, and it is of important value in operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Expression and glycosylation of rotavirus strain SA11 VP4 protein in a recombinant adenovirus].

OBJECTIVE: A modified VP4 gene of rotavirus SA11 strain was expressed by a recombinant human adenovirus. METHODS: A whole VP4 gene was obtained with PCR and induced the signal peptide at the gene N terminal. The chimera gene was cloned into pCMV plasmid that consist of human cytomagolovirus promoter and then cloned the gene to transfer human adenovirus type 5 vector. Homologues recombinant was performed by co-transfection to 293 cell line with recombinant plasmid and viral genome using CaPO4 precipitation. RESULTS: VP4 gene is 2,362 base pair in length mutation was not found in whole VP4 gene sequence. Expressed product in recombinant adnovirus was confirmed to be specific and more antigenicity by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Both Western blot and immunoprecipitation assays showed that expressed protein molecular weight was higher than wild type VP4 protein and that modified product was corresponding to a glycosylation of VP4 protein. CONCLUSIONS: It may be a effective method to modify interested gene for enhancing stability, antigenicity and immunogenicity of expressive product.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed2000

Final report about Stage II Collaboration Project on Leprosy Rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE: To undertake the pilot experiments of prevention of disability (POD) in 14 different geographical areas to serve as examples for future development of rehabilitation work in China and in Asia. METHODS: According to the principles and national criterion, 27 000 people affected by leprosy were selected and assessed using disability record forms at beginning and followed up regularly for observing changes of different indicators. RESULTS: A total of 197 neuritis cases were detected and treated with prednisolone out of 1 407 new or active cases. Self-care training of eyes, hands and feet were conducted for 10 500 disabled people affected by leprosy. Comprehensive therapy was given to 1 804 cases having complicated ulcers of which 1 055 cases have got their ulcers healed. Out of 706 prostheses, 613 were given to patients with satisfactory results. Surgical treatment was given to 269 cases and 251 have shown good progress. CONCLUSION: Most of patients have got benefit from the project in function or appearance which is very helpful for their going back to the society and agreed by foreign experts during the final evaluation. The experiences from the project can be implemented in the whole country.

China↗
PubMed2000

[Spectroscopic properties of 7-hydroxyquinoline in polymeric matrices].

In this paper, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of 7-Hydroxyquinoline (7HQ) in the copolymer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) monomers were observed. The influence of different matrices on the species of 7HQ and the excited state proton transfer effect were investigated. The results showed that, as the number of carboxylic group in the matrix was increased, the relative contents of different species of 7HQ should be changed and the excited state proton transfer effect of 7HQ was enhanced.

Adsorption↗