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Biomedical subjects

G Zenker

Publications and source records attributed to G Zenker.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Bronchospasmolytic effectiveness of controlled drug combinations].

Two groups of 10 patients each with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the subjects of a comparative study of the effectiveness of 240 mg theophyllinethylendiamine (Euphyllin) and a combined medication consisting of 25 mg theophyllin, 85 mg etophyllin, 30 mg papaverine and 0.1 mg atropine methylnitrate (Perphyllon). Oscillatory resistance (measured with the Siregnost FD 5) and the circulatory parameters pulse and blood pressure were studied. A statistically significant bronchospasmolytic effect was found for both substances administered parenterally. It was shown, however, that the combined medication worked faster, longer and 4 to 5 times more effectively than theophyllinethylendiamine. The possible causes of the differences are discussed. Clinically, the cardiovascular side effects of the combined medication are to be classified as slight. The tested medication has a favorable therapeutic spectrum as a result of the low dosage of the individual substances.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1986

BTPS correction with dynamic spirometers.

In order to determine the requirements for a proper temperature correction of expired volumes, the temperature of the expired air in the bellows of a dynamic spirometer (Vitalograph) was measured in 10 and 5 subjects at 24 and 12.2 degrees C ambient temperature, respectively. During the short period of forced expiration there was a significant temperature decrease, which showed a linear relationship to the ambient temperature. Temperature differences up to 12-15% occurred within seconds; consequently, the values obtained in bellows-type spirometers for FEV1 and FVC have to be corrected to BTPS at room temperature. There was no correlation between the degree of temperature decrease and the magnitude of expiratory volume. For routine clinical work it suffices to use the room temperature as the variable.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The effect of pirenzepine on lipase levels after endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography].

In a random examination including 40 patients with previous endoscopic retrograde cholangio- pancreaticography (ERCP) the influence of pirenzepine on the lipase elevation through filling of the pancreatic duct with a contrast medium was studied. The result of this study is that, compared with a control group, pirenzepine reduces significantly ERCP-caused hyperlipasemias. Therefore we can recommend the prophylactic application of pirenzepine before ERCP.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1985

[Chronic cor pulmonale from the echocardiographic viewpoint].

The morphologic changes of the right heart occurring in chronic cor pulmonale can be detected by means of twodimensional echocardiography. Chronic cor pulmonale can be classified according to semiquantitative echocardiographic criteria using a subcostal window: Stage I: enddiastolic free right ventricular anterior wall greater than 5 mm, the right heart smaller than the left, vena cava inferior less than 10 mm/m2 body surface area, inspiratory collapse greater than or equal to 50%. Stage II: enddiastolic free right ventricular anterior wall greater than 5 mm, the right ventricle in comparison with the left eccentrically enlarged, vena cava inferior like Stage I. Stage III: free right ventricular anterior wall cannot be measured, the right heart in comparison with the left markedly enlarged, vena cava inferior greater than 10 mm/m2 body surface area, inspiratory collapse less than 50%.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1985

The myxomatous mitral valve. A risk factor for ischemic stroke in young patients?

3 out of 24 patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP), mean age 25.7 +/- 3.1 displayed markedly thickened redundant and shaggy mitral leaflets in the two-dimensional echocardiogram. The anterior leaflet appeared in the parasternal long axis plane club-shaped in diastole. These three female patients had a history of ischemic stroke, which could be verified by CT-scanning. Suggestion is made that MVP and thickening of the valve is correlated with a higher risk for cerebral infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Two-dimensional echocardiography using a subcostal approach in patients with COPD.

The aim of this study was to examine whether two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) using a subcostal window can provide reliable parameters for the assessment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fifteen patients with steady state COPD (mean age 58.8 +/- 7.7) and PAH (MPAP 37.2 +/- 15.2 mm Hg) were compared with 15 healthy control subjects, (mean age 30.5 +/- 4.6). The 2-DE examination was performed with a sectorscanner from the subcostal approach. Measurements were made of the inner and maximal end-diastolic dimensions of the tricuspid annulus (TA), the short axis of the right ventricle (RV), and the free right ventricular anterior wall (AW). The TA X RV + AW/body surface area (mm/m2, 2D-index) was 378.3 +/- 47.6 in control subjects vs 871.2 +/- 314.5 in patients provided the closest correlation with MPAP (r 0.9055, p less than 0.001). We conclude that these 2-DE parameters can quantify the morphologic changes of the right heart in COPD with PAH and are useful in the assessment of PAH.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Influence of drug therapy on bronchial hyperreactivity.

Bronchial hyperreactivity was confirmed in eleven nonselected patients with chronic respiratory disease during a period of quiescence by inhalative provocation with histamine. After one week's treatment with ketotifen a protective effect against the histamine-induced bronchospasm was observed in nine patients. The rapid appearance of this protective mechanism was demonstrated both in patients with exogenous and endogenous bronchial asthma and in the three patients with chronic bronchitis. Regardless of the fact that specific bronchospasmolysis is the main therapeutic measure, based on our experience the protective mechanism of mast-cell stabilizers as supplementary therapy is at present at an earlier point of time than is generally assumed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Risk classification of patients with acute myocardial infarct using two-dimensional echocardiography].

30 patients with acute myocardial infarction were examined by means of two-dimensional echocardiography, clinically classified according to Killip and the requisite CK peak level was determined. An echocardiographic score system was used to quantify the wall movement disturbances. The patients were subdivided into 3 groups according to clinical course during hospitalization (average 4 weeks) and these data correlated to Killip classification, CK peak level and echocardiographic score system determined on admission: Group 1 (9 patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarction), group 2 (11 patients with complicated posterior wall infarction), group 3 (10 patients with complicated anterior wall infarction). Cardiogenic shock, left ventricular pump failure, life-threatening arrhythmias and death were defined as complications. Mean value difference of the scores between group 1 and group 2 were significant (alpha less than 1%) and between group 1 and group 3 very significant (alpha less than 0.1%). With respect to CK, a significant difference existed between group 1 and group 2 and also between group 1 and group 3 (alpha less than 5%). Killip classification was specific, but very insensitive (64%). The echocardiographic score system is suitable for the prediction of in hospital course after myocardial infarction, and is superior to CK peak level determination.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Improved diagnosis and therapy of pericardial effusion with two-dimensional echocardiography].

M-mode echocardiography has until now been the method of choice for the diagnosis of pericardial effusion in general clinical practice. Incidences of false positive and false negative findings have nonetheless been reported in the literature. A vastly simplified diagnosis with greater sensitivity and specificity has been achieved with the spatial orientation provided by a combination of two-dimensional echocardiography and M-mode echocardiography. With these two-dimensional techniques, pericardial puncture is rendered simpler and safer for the patient.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of ciclotropium bromide on pressure in the human common bile duct].

The effect of a new anticholinergic drug, ciclotropium bromide, on artificially induced pressure elevations in the common bile duct is reported. The endoscopic manometry allows a precise pressure measurement in the biliary system. For the artificial pressure elevation an X-ray contrast medium was injected into the common bile duct until the pain threshold was reached. In each patient a statistically significant pressure reduction accompanied by pain relief was reached. The method used shows the drug effects by objective measurement of the pressure reduction and the subjective indication of the pain relief.

Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic↗
PubMed1982

[Endoscopic manometry in the common bile duct].

Reproducible results were obtained by endoscopic transpapillary pressure measurements with the help of a constantly perfused catheter. Manometric measurements were performed in 51 patients without any premedication. 14 patients with a normal biliary system were compared with 17 patients after cholecystectomy, 14 patients with stones in the common bile duct and 6 patients after papillotomy. Although there were significant differences in the diameter of the common bile duct in the four groups, only the papillotomized patients demonstrated a distinct change of the pressure in the bile duct. In these patients almost no pressure gradient existed between the biliary ducts and the duodenum. On the other hand, there was an increase in intraluminal pressure in the 2 patients with papillary stenosis. Endoscopic manometric measurements in the common bile duct are indicated to obtain reliable data on stenosis of the papilla duodeni, insufficient papillotomy or recurrent stenosis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lipoprotein(a) as a strong indicator for cerebrovascular disease.

To evaluate the role of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a] in patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD), lipid parameters were compared with a control group (CO). Additionally, the Lp(a) serum levels were investigated in a coronary artery disease (CAD) group. The CO was made up of 37 healthy persons (age: 54.5 +/- 7.7, 26 males and 11 females), the CVD group included 46 patients with sustained transient ischemic attack (TIA) prolonged reversible ischemic neurologic deficits (PRIND) and cerebral infarction (CI) (age: 53.6 +/- 9.7, 32 males and 14 females), and the CAD group was made up of 28 survivors of myocardial infarctions (age: 52.5 +/- 8.1, 18 males and 10 females). The median values of Lp(a) in CVD were significantly higher than in the CO (p less than 0.01) and did not differ significantly from the CAD. Total TC, HDL-C, TG, LDL-C and the ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C did not show any significant difference between the control and cerebrovascular disease group. For quantification of the vascular lesions of the carotid system, a Duplex Doppler score system was used. The score correlated with Lp(a) in patients between 40 to 65 years of age (r = 0.34, p less than 0.01). Thus, we conclude that Lp(a) is not only a risk factor for CAD but also for CVD.

Adult↗