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Biomedical subjects

G Wolfram

Publications and source records attributed to G Wolfram.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Serum apolipoproteins and lipids in severe injury as influenced by nutrition. A pilot study].

In 10 patients with polytrauma and 2 patients with sepsis a relation of the severity of trauma and the change of lipoproteins has been found. Cholesterol and triglycerides as well as apolipoproteins A-I and B decrease significantly in the first days after the injury. During the following rise of cholesterol and triglycerides apolipoprotein A-I increases also to a concentration of lower normal range; apolipoprotein B remains lowered. Apolipoprotein C-III2 is determined in 3 patients and is increased. The concentration of apolipoprotein A-I decreases in three of five patients, who had parenteral fat administration. Apolipoprotein B increases during fat administration. The following fat free parenteral nutrition causes a decrease of apolipoprotein B again. The composition of lipoproteins is similarly changed in 2 patients with sepsis. The apolipoproteins as well as the lipids decrease more in patients who died later than in the case of reconvalescence, in which the increase of concentrations of lipids and apolipoprotein B may be accelerated with parenteral nutrition. Apolipoprotein A-I reacts variably, A-II is lowered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Serum cholesterol levels in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia confirmed by tissue culture.

Sixty-two subjects from 23 families were evaluated by serum lipid analyses and tissue culture biochemistry in skin fibroblasts. In 53 cases from 19 families with proven familial hypercholesterolemia (FHC), fibroblast cultures were successful. In 45 of these cases (85%) the clinical diagnosis of hyper- or normocholesterolemia was in accordance with the tissue culture findings. Four patients 2-38 years old, had hypercholesterolemia but normal tissue culture results. Four patients, 18-44 years old, had normal serum cholesterol levels for their age and sex, but were heterozygotes according to tissue culture results. In the remaining four families only the propositus had hypercholesterolemia. All members of the families including the propositus had normal tissue culture determinations indicating that not all cases of idiopathic hypercholesterolemia are due to the Goldstein-Brown mechanism of defective LDL receptor function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in a Munich population group: relations to age and sex (author's transl)].

Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined in 814 subjects and the relation to age, sex and body weight evaluated. In 568 persons the body mass index (BMI) and the relative body weight according to Broca were calculated. Normal values for each age group were established. Serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides and the body mass index showed an age dependent rise in the male and the female population. The body mass index showed a positive correlation with the serum triglycerides, but did not correlate with the serum cholesterol levels. The correlation between body mass index and serum triglycerides was not age dependent. Thus, our data stress the relation between overweight and hypertriglyceridaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Disturbances of lipoprotein and fatty acid metabolism in patients with heavy injuries (author's transl)].

Critically ill patients after a heavy accident suffer from major disturbances of hormones and metabolism. To study the origin of these alterations and the mechanisms of lipid transport through plasma in this critical situation plasma lipoproteins and fatty acid distribution were analyzed consecutively in four patients after a heavy accident and during convalescence up to 30 days. In all patients whole plasma cholesterol is reduced below 100 mg/dl, predominantly by a decrease of LDL-cholesterol, but HDL-cholesterol is also reduced. Triglycerides start with very low levels and the following increase of whole plasma triglycerides. Thus, a negative relationship between HDL-cholesterol and VLDL- as well as LDL-triglycerides was found. In HDL the ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids changes from 1.4 to 0.2, indicating major alterations in the composition of this lipoprotein fraction. Apolipoprotein B and total protein in lipoprotein fractions are also decreased by injury. Within 3-5 days linoleic acid levels are decreased in all lipid and lipoprotein fractions of plasma, but most pronounced in cholesterol esters. Arachidonic acid is only decreased in two patients in the phospholipid fraction. As parameter of essential fatty acid deficiency in tissues eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3/9) increases in phospholipids of plasma. Total parenteral nutrition with fat emulsions obtains good results in the normalization of plasma lipoproteins and fatty acid distribution by influencing the composition of VLDL, LDL, and HDL. A supply of up to 56 g linoleic acid per day is necessary to normalize linoleic acid and arachidonic acid levels in plasma lipids. After cessation of the acute reactions of circulation and metabolism fat emulsions can be used in total parenteral nutrition of patients after injury in an amount of 30-40% of energy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical significance of essential fatty acids (author's transl)].

Essential fatty acids are important constituents of human nutrition. They lower cholesterol and phospholipid levels in serum. They are structural parts of cell membranes, affecting the function of membrane-bound enzymes and transport systems and modulating cellular immune response. Prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane, the metabolites of essential fatty acids, are active compounds in the cardio-vascular system, the lung, in the uro-genital and gastro-intestinal tract, in the inflammatory response and platelet aggregation.

Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

[Platelet aggregation and prostaglandin turnover in man during defined linoleic acid supply with formula diets (author's transl)].

A report is given on changes of platelet aggregation and prostaglandin turnover during a cross-over experiment with six female volunteers being given a linoleic acid supply with formula diets of 0 g or 50 g daily. Collagen- and ADP-induced platelet aggregation was determined with a Borne-type aggregometer. Prostaglandin turnover was measured by analyzing the excretion of a joint derivative of prostaglandin metabolites, tetranorprostanedioic acid, in urine. With a linoleic acid supply of 50 g daily we found an increase of tetranorprostanedioic acid in urine, while platelet aggregation decreased. When the experimental subjects came from a conventional diet (linoleic acid intake 20 g daily) these changes were seen later than after a linoleic acid free formula diet. A linoleic acid-deficient formula diet caused a fall in prostaglandin turnover within 24 hr. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was unchanged after 1 week, while collagen-induced platelet aggregation was increased after 1 and 3 weeks of linoleic acid-deficient diet. These results clearly demonstrate the influence of nutrition on platelet aggregation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Platelet fatty acids and prostaglandin turnover during defined linoleic acid intake with formula diets.

Platelet fatty acids, platelet aggregation and excretion of main urinary metabolites of prostaglandins were investigated in six healthy females under the influence of liquid formula diets providing a linoleic acid supply of 0 g or 50 g per day for three weeks each. With high intake we found an increase of linoleic acid in platelet lipids from 4.5 to 8.3% on average, while dihomogamma-linolenic acid (20:3 w 6) decreased, and arachidonic acid content of platelet lipids was not changed. ADP induced platelet aggregations decreased under high linoleic acid intake to 84 +/- 6 (mean +/- S.D.) percent of control values. This occurred despite enhanced prostaglandin turnover, measured by determination of main urinary prostaglandin metabolites. It seems, therefore, that the influence of high linoleic acid intake on arachidonic acid metabolism is different in platelets and other body tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of diabetes without biguanides. Observation on the course after changing treatment (author's transl)].

In 56 patients with maturity onset diabetes receiving combined therapy with different oral hypoglycemic drugs, biguanide treatment was stopped while sulphonylurea compounds were continued without major changes. In four patients insulin therapy had to be initiated rapidly. In 14 other patients follow-up observations could not be performed for various reasons. The reamining 38 patients were divided into four groups according to their treatment. On the average, chemical control could not be maintained in any group after discontinuation of biguanide therapy. Blood glucose concentrations and glycosuria increased. Later, in 6 of 38 patients secondary failure of sulphonylurea treatment became apparent.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Gout].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Gout↗
PubMed1979

The influence of linoleic acid intake on the excretion of urinary prostaglandin metabolites.

The influence of linoleic acid intake on human prostaglandin formation was investigated by gas chromatographic determination of dimethyl tetranorprostanedioate, a derivative of the major urinary end products of prostaglandin metabolism. Six healthy female volunteers were put on liquid formula diets. Each person had a linoleic acid supply of 0, 10, and 50 g per day for periods of two weeks. At the end of these periods the corresponding average amounts of tetranorprostanedioic acid in urine were 92, 175, and 326 microgram per day.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Dose-effects studies with bezafibrate in patients with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia (author's transl)].

The dose-effect relationship of bezafibrate, a new clofibrate derivative, was investigated in 24 outpatients with a primary hyperlipidemia and a Type lla lipoprotein pattern. The patients were divided into two groups at random and in each case received 3 X 50, 3 X 100, 3 X 150 and 3 X 200 mg bezafibrate daily in increasing or falling dosage for four weeks. For rising doses a statistically significant dose-effect relationship could be demonstrated for cholesterol and triglycerides. This was only true for cholesterol with falling doses while triglycerides remained at a low level. The optimal dose was found to be 600 mg bezafibrate daily. The substance was well tolerated, and the usual laboratory parameters remained within the normal range in all patients.

Cholesterol↗