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Biomedical subjects

G Williams

Publications and source records attributed to G Williams.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Computed tomography for determining liver iron content in primary haemochromatosis.

Dual-energy computed tomography (CT) was used to estimate hepatic iron concentration in eight patients with primary haemochromatosis with varying degrees of iron overload. The values corresponded closely with these derived from chemical analysis of liver tissue obtained by biopsy (correlation coefficient 0.993). Dual-energy CT therefore seems to provide an accurate and non-invasive alternative to liver biopsy as a means of measuring liver iron concentration in patients with primary haemochromatosis and possibly other iron overload states.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

10 Years of infective endocarditis at St. Bartholomew's Hospital: analysis of clinical features and treatment in relation to prognosis and mortality.

A retrospective survey of patients with infective endocarditis at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in the decade 1966--75 showed a male/female ratio of 1.5/1. The commonest presenting features were malaise, fever, new cardiac symptoms, heart-failure, splenomegaly, and finger clubbing. The commonest problem during treatment was heart-failure. As in the two previous decades, viridans streptococci were the commonest causative organisms. Acute endocarditis was caused by Staphylococcus aureus. 6 patients' lives were saved by heart-valve replacement during medical treatment. Of 3 patients who relapsed, 1 died. The overall mortality at six months was 20%, compared with 40% in the two previous decades. Of the patients with proven subacute infective endocarditis thought to have received adequate antibiotic treatment, only 5 of 49 (10%) died; in a similar group of patients in the previous decade 19% died. Early surgical intervention probably accounts for the improved prognosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Cystine stones.

We report on 9 patients, 5 men and 4 women, with cystine stones. Eight were seen previously at other hospitals, and a total of 18 operations were performed for stones before the diagnosis of cystinuria was made and medical treatment instituted. The pathogenesis and rational for medical treatment is reviewed, and the need for early diagnosis is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Distribution of genes for trimethoprim and gentamicin resistance in bacteria and their plasmids in a general hospital.

The incidence of trimethoprim resistance in enterobacteria causing infection in a London hospital increased from 5.6% in 1970 to 16% in 1979. The proportion of gentamicin-resistant aerobic Gram-negative bacilli had risen to 6.5% by 1979. During a 5-month period in 1977, during which no epidemic was recognized, all isolates resistant to either trimethoprim, gentamicin, tobramycin or amikacin were studied. The proportion of enterobacteria resistant to both trimethoprim and gentamicin (3.8% of the total) was significantly higher than expected assuming no correlation between acquisition of resistance characters. The resistance was transferable in 23% of trimethoprim-resistant and 76% of gentamicin-resistant strains. Trimethoprim resistance was carried by plasmids of seven different incompatibility groups and in at least four instances was part of a transposon. Gentamicin resistance was determined by plasmids of three groups - IncC, IncFII and IncW. Transposition of gentamicin resistance was not shown, though this may have been the means of evolution of the gentamicin R plasmids of InW, which determined aminoglycoside acetyltransferase, AAC(3). Some bacterial strains with their plasmids were endemic. There was evidence for these plasmids (i) acquiring new resistance genes by transposition, (ii) losing resistance genes by deletion and (iii) being transferred between bacterial species in the hospital.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1980

The non-hormone chemotherapy of prostatic cancer.

Seventeen patients with hormone resistant prostatic cancer were treated with chemotherapeutic drugs. An overall response rate of 64% was obtained. In this study the toxicity rate was 29%. The problems of defining response in prostatic cancer are discussed and a protocol for the future is outlined.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

The non-surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease.

Forty-five patients with Peyronie's disease are described. No patient received treatment for one year from the time of presentation. Three had a complete resolution of their symptoms and signs during this period. The remaining patients received injections of triamcinolone hexacetonide (Lederle) into the plaques at 6-weekly intervals for 36 weeks. Thirty-three per cent had complete or marked improvement in their symptoms; those responding were younger patients with small, firm, discrete plaques in the distal penis. We recommend a non-operative approach in this group. Surgery or chemotherapy should be reserved for those older patients with harder, larger or confluent plaques.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Flexible fibre-endoscopy of the ileal loop.

Three cases are described in which conventional radiology had suggested that recurrent tumour was present at a ureteroileal anastomosis. Fibre-endoscopy of the ileal conduits was performed with the Olympus short colonoscope. In each case the anastomosis was seen to be normal and no complications ensued. It is suggested that fibre-endoscopy of the urinary conduit is a safe and simple adjunct to conventional radiology.

Aged↗