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Biomedical subjects

G Vogl

Publications and source records attributed to G Vogl.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Single photon emission computed tomography in AIDS dementia complex.

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies were performed in AIDS dementia complex using IMP in 12 patients (and HM-PAO in four of these same patients). In all patients, SPECT revealed either multiple or focal uptake defects, the latter corresponding with focal signs or symptoms in all but one case. Computerized tomography showed a diffuse cerebral atrophy in eight of 12 patients, magnetic resonance imaging exhibited changes like atrophy and/or leukoencephalopathy in two of five cases. Our data indicate that both disturbance of cerebral amine metabolism and alteration of local perfusion share in the pathogenesis of AIDS dementia complex. SPECT is an important aid in the diagnosis of AIDS dementia complex and contributes to the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Quantification of cerebral circulation using duplex sonography].

An attempt was made to measure quantitatively the total cerebral blood flow by means of Duplex sonography. In a group of healthy young subjects a median value for total cerebral blood flow was obtained amounting to 469 ml/min +/- 30%; repeat measurements yielded a maximum deviation of +/- 11%. In three patients the values obtained after severe apoplectic insult due to occlusion of the internal carotid artery were definitely below the value of the group of healthy subjects, whereas the value for the total blood flow was in the upper range of normal values in a patient with occlusion of the a. cerebri media. Comparative measurements of the regional cerebral blood flow with xenon 133 yielded in those patients with occlusion of the internal carotid artery a markedly reduced mean flow and in the patient with occlusion of the a, cerebri media a less markedly reduced mean flow. Regionally reduced perfusion was seen in all the four patients in the range of the clinically and computer tomographically well-known ischaemia zone. Thanks to the simplicity of this sonographic examination method it could be a useful decision parameter in determining the indication for a reconstruction of the carotid artery, especially in asymptomatic patients.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Cerebrovascular lesions and livedo reticularis (Sneddon's syndrome)--a progressive cerebrovascular disorder?

Four cases are described in which livedo reticularis was associated with repeated cerebrovascular accidents, which eventually resulted in severe disability in two cases. Patients with severe disability had a history of many years, whereas two patients with little or moderate residual disability had a follow-up of 3 years each. CT scan revealed multifocal cerebral infarctions and cortical atrophy in all cases. Repeated cerebral angiograms, done in three cases, showed no signs of a vascular disease. There were no parameters that pointed to active immunological or inflammatory disorder. Neither clinical evidence of heart or large vessel disease was found. Observations suggest that a so-far unknown progressive cerebral vessel disease associated with livedo is the cause of a steady increase in multiple small cerebral infarctions. Because of the progressive character of the disease the search for effective therapy is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Operationalized diagnosis of schizoaffective and cycloid psychoses].

Case histories of 128 patients suffering from functional psychoses were evaluated. The operational definitions for schizoaffective psychoses (SAP) of Kendell, Welner, Spitzer (RDC) and Feighner were applied. Of the 30 cases of SAP based on ICD 8 (295.7), Kendell's criteria were fulfilled in 97% Welner's in 77%, Spitzer's in 70% and Feighner's in 30%. The highly sensitive criteria of Kendell are best qualified for delineating the schizoaffective (sa) syndroms, but have the disadvantage of not requiring a time limitation when examining the longitudinal course of the illness. In this respect, the Welner criteria which also demonstrate high sensitivity were found to be more appropriate for the disease concept of the ICD 8. When using the schizoaffective criteria, a striking overlap was found with catatonic schizophrenia (Kendell and Welner diagnosed 33% as sa), paranoid schizophrenia (Spitzer 39%, Kendell and Welner 28%) and mania (Kendell and Welner 50% sa diagnoses). Of the SAP only 30% satisfied Perris' criteria for cycloid psychoses. Except for catatonic schizophrenia (47% overlap), the cycloid psychoses could be well distinguished from the other psychoses. cycloid psychoses therefore should not form a subgroup of the SAP. Kendell's criteria were found to be best qualified for the determination of the schizoaffective group. A higher specificity of the disease concept SAP may be achieved if we use time limitations such as Welner's. To avoid placing cycloid psychoses in the SAP category, the Perris criteria should be applied. Because of their high specificity, the criteria of Feighner and Spitzer were found to be inappropriate. In DSM-III the definition of "psychotic disorders not elsewhere classified" is weak. It lacks an operational definition for SAP so that DSM-III was not used for this investigation. In order to obtain a more homogeneous population not only in the schizoaffective group, but also in both of the two major psychoses, we find it legitimate to maintain the schizoaffective group and, at the same time, recognize the exceptional position of cycloid psychoses as separate groups.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1983

[Corpus callosum agenesis and epilepsy in 2 brothers].

We report on two brothers with focal epileptic seizures and agenesia of the corpus callosum. The diagnosis of agenesia of the corpus callosum in both was made by CT, both brothers were retarded and both showed focal phenomena which can be interpreted as a consequence of the lacking connection between the two hemispheres. One of the patients showed a remarkable focal miniature spike and wave periodicity in the EEG. Neither of the parents had matching abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A simple superimposition method for anatomical adjustments of CT and SPECT images.

A technique for superimposition of CT and single photon emission CT (SPECT) images is described. Regions of interest can be placed on SPECT images and projected to CT images. In this way, anatomical registration of regions of increased or decreased activity is possible. The equipment is easy to handle and available at low cost.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stereotactic retrobulbar anesthesia using CT.

A simple technique using stereotactic needle placement for retrobulbar anesthesia is reported. The method utilizes a CT-guided stereotactic device that permits precise intraconal injection of local anesthetics; in addition, the risk of injury to muscles, vessels, eyeglobe, or optic nerve is substantially reduced.

Anesthesia, Local↗