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Biomedical subjects

G Ville

Publications and source records attributed to G Ville.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Plasma fibronectin and collagen type IV in diabetic patients. Influence of therapy].

Fibronectin (by laser nephelometry) and collagen IV blood levels (by radioimmunoassay) were studied in 183 diabetics and compared with 101 non diabetic patients. Diabetics have more collagen IV and less fibronectin than non diabetics. Divergence has increased since 20 years old; fibronectin blood levels is always low in diabetics, even in the young. Collagen IV is higher in diabetics with angiopathy, and specially if insulin dependent. Diabetics which have a good control have normals levels. In the other hand when HBA1C greater than or equal to 9%, collagen IV blood level increases quickly and fibronectin level decreases. The importance of the antidiabetic treatment is underlined.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Cartilage destruction in experimentally induced osteoarthritis.

Section of the anterior cruciate ligament in the knee joint of mature dogs resulted in a progressive fibrillation of both tibial and femoral condylar cartilages. Reduced tissue microhardness and increased water content preceded fibrillation while fixed charge density remained unchanged. A different histological pattern of initial fibrillation was found, however, in femoral and tibial cartilages which exhibited tangential cleft and vertical splits, respectively. Tangential fibrillation alone was associated with necrosis of superficial cells. This suggests that the mechanism of early osteoarthritic cartilage destruction varies in different articular surfaces.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Light and electron immunoperoxidase localization of minor disulfide-bonded collagens in fetal calf epiphyseal cartilage.

New minor disulfide-bonded collagens were recently described in cartilaginous tissues. The localization of these molecules in epiphyseal proper and growth plate cartilage of fetal calf has been studied using light and electron immunoperoxidase microscopy. The labeling was restricted to the pericellular region of the chondrocytes with an increasing intensity form the superficial to the inner zone of the epiphysis. At the ultrastructural level, the fine-non striated fibrils of the pericellular matrix were stained, demonstrating their collagenous nature. These minor collagenous chains are thus new components of the chondrocyte "exoskeleton" in which other molecules (proteoglycans, chondronectin, fibronectin and type V collagen) have been previously demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Hypertrophic repair of articular cartilage in experimental osteoarthrosis.

Section of the anterior cruciate ligament has been performed in the knee of 11 mature dogs. The macroscopically normal cartilage from patella and femoral trochlea of animals killed from 2 to 32 weeks after operation was used for histological, histomorphometrical, and biochemical analysis. Previously undescribed degenerative lesions of the superficial matrix were observed, and there was evidence for secondary healing of these lesions. An early and progressive decrease in superficial cell density and a later progressive increase in cartilage thickness without any change in the cell density of the middle and deep cartilage layers was found. A slight increase in water content with no reduction in glycosaminoglycan content was observed. The results suggest that joint laxity results initially in superficial degenerative changes and later in hypertrophic regenerative changes due to cell proliferation and increased matrix synthesis. Hypertrophic remodeling of articular cartilage in response to abnormal mechanical stresses is postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Bactericidal power of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Trials for standardization of a micromethod using autoradiography (author's transl)].

A 50 mul sample of blood is placed successively in the presence of staphylococci, then of tritiated thymidine. Stripping film autoradiography permits identification of living intracellular bacteria which metabolize the marked precursor. In our experimental conditions, the percentage of marked intracellular bacteria is: -- 15,4 +/- 3,7% (x +/- 1s) among adults -- 14,6 +/- 3,2% among children.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-HBc screening for the prevention of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in France.

As anti-HBc screening has been proposed for blood donor testing, we investigated its effectiveness during pregnancy. Among 4,023 successive pregnant women screened for anti-HBc, 539 (13.4%) were positive and further tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs. HBsAg was found in 73 (1.81%) and anti-HBc only was positive in 66 (1.64%). Among the 73 women positive for HBsAg, HBV DNA was found in the serum of seven, the cord blood of two, the placenta of three. Of the 58 infants given HBV immunoglobulins and vaccine, only four had transient HBsAg. None of the 66 women positive for anti-HBc only had anti-HBc IgM, HBeAg, or HBV DNA in serum, cord blood or placenta but five women became HBsAg positive before, at, or after delivery. Among the infants born of these 66 mothers, three had high ALT, two had HBsAg and one HBV DNA without HBsAg. Screening for anti-HBc may be cost effective, at least in low HBV prevalence areas, since there is evidence for infectivity of pregnant women positive for anti-HBc only.

Carrier State↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of phadiatop in the screening of respiratory allergy].

Phadiatop is a new in vitro screening test for respiratory allergy. This test, based on the RAST procedure, detects in serum, the presence of specific IgE to a mixture of common inhalent allergens. Among 70 patients (26 children and 44 adults) consulting for respiratory syndrome, Phadiatop was positive in 31 cases. There were a good correlation between this new test and skin tests (59% for adults and 92% for children), total IgE (70% for adults and 65% for children) and RAST (93% for adults and 96% for children). Phadiatop, with a specificity of 100%, a sensitivity of 82% (76% for adults and 92% for children) and an efficiency of 90% (86% for adults and 96% for children), is a more accurate test than total IgE and could be an excellent in vitro screening test for respiratory allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Desensitisation with hymenoptera venom in children].

The efficiency of immunotherapy with hymenoptera venom is well known in adults. Its clinical tolerance and its immunologic consequences during an accelerated desensitization program were studied in children with bee venom (n = 12, average age: 9.4 +/- 4.6 years) or wasp venom (n = 6, average age: 10.4 +/- 3.7 years) hypersensitivity. Results were compared with those obtained in adults susceptible to bee venom (n = 15, average age: 36.6 +/- 10.4 years) or to wasp venom (n = 18, average age: 36.2 +/- 7.4 years). Despite doses identical to those used in adults, clinical tolerance was better in both groups of children. Provocation tests (6 children, 10 adults) after immunotherapy showed a similar efficiency of the treatment in adults and children. The immunologic study showed a significantly greater increase in specific IgG in children, and a significant decrease in specific IgE (p less than 0.05) only in children treated with bee venom.

Adolescent↗