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Biomedical subjects

G Ville

Publications and source records attributed to G Ville.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Wound healing of human skin transplanted onto the nude mouse. II. An immunohistological and ultrastructural study of the epidermal basement membrane zone reconstruction and connective tissue reorganization.

The reconstruction of human epidermis during healing of human skin wounded after grafting onto the nude mouse was described in a previous paper (M. Démarchez, P. Sengel, and M. Pruniéras, 1986, Dev. Biol. 113, 90-96). The regeneration of the epidermal basement membrane zone (BMZ) and the reorganization of the connective tissue are the subjects of the present study. They were investigated by two complementary methods: electron microscopy to analyze the BMZ reorganization, and indirect immunofluorescence with species-specific and cross-reacting antibodies directed against laminin, bullous pemphigoid antigen, mouse or human collagens of types I or IV, human elastic fibers, fibronectin, fibrin, actin, and human vimentin, to examine the species origin and distribution of BMZ and connective tissue components during the regeneration process. It is reported that grafted human skin preserves its own immunological markers not only in the epidermis but also in the BMZ and dermis as well, and that, after injury, its regeneration proceeds according to the following sequence of overlapping events: production of a mouse granulation tissue; reepidermization by human cells; reconstruction of a BMZ with human characteristics; formation of a human neodermis. It is concluded that human skin grafted onto the nude mouse is able to regenerate its three structural compartments, namely, the epidermis, BMZ, and dermis. Interestingly, it appeared, also, that the connective tissue regeneration would be a two-step mechanism including the sequential formation of two tissues of distinct sources, namely, a granulation tissue and a neodermis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructural immunolocalization of elastic fibers in rat blood vessels using the protein A-gold technique.

Identification of elastic fibers at the ultrastructural level is accomplished by a post-embedding immunohistochemical technique using the protein A-colloidal gold method. Antisera against elastins from human dermis and rat aorta have been characterized by radioimmunoassay and then applied to thin sections of rat blood vessels. Two fixative solutions and two embedding media have been tested. Both antibodies bind to elastic fibers of normal arteries and veins, indicating crossreactions among organs and species. The high sensitivity of this method is demonstrated by its application to the detection of neo-elastogenesis in the intimal thickening of aortic grafts.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[In vitro exploratory methods in immuno-allergology].

The authors discuss different in vitro tests that provide evidence for: involvement of atopy in clinical symptoms (eosinophilia, total IgE titre, histaminemia); the identification of the responsible allergen (specific IgE, basophil degranulation, and release of histamine); following the course of hyposensitization treatment (specific IgG).

Allergens↗
PubMed1987

[Allergy to Thyrophagus putrescentiae and Lepidoglyphus destructor in a population of young asthmatic adults].

In the present work a study has been made of the prevalence of allergy to two storage mites, Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Lepidoglyphus destructor in a population of 105 young adults in the east of France. Combination of skin tests and specific IgE measurements shows that 43.10% of the subjects were sensitive to Tyrophagus and 44.95% to Lepidoglyphus. Interpretation of skin tests remains uncertain, particularly concerning the source of the allergen used and it is most often also necessary to measure the specific serum IgE. As in many studies, most sensitization was found amongst farmers. In contrast, no difference was seen between rural and city dwellers, subjects who were in contact with small animals and those in contact with food for livestock if they were not farmers, not between declared asthmatics who lived in a humid place and those who lived in an environment that was drier. Certainly these mites appeared in the present study to be much more ubiquitous than supposed previously and the fact that they seemed to be carriers of allergens and antigens that were different from those of Dermatophagoides raises the question as to whether the need for hyposensitization treatment for them has been under-estimated.

Acari↗
PubMed1987

Histological cartilage changes in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis.

The anterior cruciate ligament was severed in the right knee of 36 rabbits which were then killed 12 weeks after surgery. Changes in water content and fixed charge density were correlated with the surface area of induced cartilage fibrillation. Histological changes including cartilage hypertrophy, reduced cell density, matrix alterations, cystic lesions, and enlarged perichondrocytic lacunae were found to precede cartilage fibrillation. The observed histological changes are in agreement with an enzymatic degradation of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Concentration of serum IGD in monoclonal gammopathies].

Serum immunoglobulin levels IgG, IgA, IgM were assayed by laser-nephelometry and IgD by a liquid phase radio-immunoassay in 133 patients with monoclonal gammopathy. Our result show that IgD concentration decrease in parallel with polyclonal immunoglobulin levels. We observe a decrease of IgD level, more pronounced in malignant gammopathy in which the polyclonal immunoglobulin levels are usually low.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Radioimmunological determination of the serum IgD].

We describe a sensitive liquid phase radioimmunoassay for serum IgD. Extreme values obtained from 85 control patients sera are 0.2 and 121 mg/l with an arithmetic mean of 25 mg/l. In atopic patients (with high serum IgE levels), arithmetic mean is 47 mg/l.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Allergy to Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Lepidoglyphus destructor in a population of young adult asthmatics].

The goal of this work was the study of the prevalence of allergy to two mites, Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Lepidoglyphus destructor in a population of 105 young asthmatic men from East of France. The association of skin tests and specific IgE shows that 43.10% are allergic to Tyrophagus and 44.95% to Lepidoglyphus destructor. The significance of skin tests is doubtful and depends on the laboratories which provide the allergens. Therefore, specific IgE has to be performed. As in other studies it has been observed that farmers are very often sensitized. But, nose difference has been noticed between people living in town or in country, between those having contacts with pets or not, feeding the cattle or not (except for the farmers). In the same way, no difference has been noticed between the asthmatics living in a wet country and/or wet house and those living in a dry area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Quantitative study of experimental osteoarthritic lesions in the rabbit. Value for the study of anti-osteoarthritis drugs].

Section of the anterior cruciate ligament of the right knee was performed in 20 rabbits which were sacrificed 3 months later. During that time, 10 animals were treated with a proteino-polysaccharide compound. The importance of cartilage destruction was evaluated by measuring the articular surfaces and the surface of the fissured areas using an automatic image analyzer; osteophytes were measured by a volumetric study. The percentage of the fissured areas appears to be without correlation with the osteophytosis, the increase of the water content or the decrease of glycosaminoglycans following the procedure. In animals which were treated, the extent of the fissure is significantly reduced but the biochemical and histometric modifications are not too different from those of the reference group.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Early mouse molar root development: cellular changes and distribution of fibronectin, laminin and type-IV collagen.

We analysed epithelial-mesenchymal interactions that occur during the early stages of the formation of mouse molar roots using light and electron microscopy. Morphological changes observed in the cells of Hertwig's epithelial sheath, the pulp and the follicular mesenchyme are described. The Hertwig's epithelial cells lose their cuboidal form and become flattened, apparently intermixing with the cells of the follicular mesenchyme. At the light- and electron-microscope levels, immunoperoxidase techniques were used to localize fibronectin, laminin and type-IV collagen. These appear to be closely associated with cell differentiation and matrix deposition in developing tooth roots. In addition, at the ultrastructural level, intracellular immunoreactivity was detected. The rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope of some cells of the periodontal ligament facing the acellular cementum exhibited specific reactivity with laminin and type-IV collagen. Moreover, these periodontal ligament cells express keratin, but not vimentin, filaments. Our results demonstrate that Hertwig's epithelial cells maintain their capacity to synthesize laminin and type-IV collagen, as well as to express keratin filaments, despite basement membrane fragmentation and the disorganization of Hertwig's epithelial sheath. Thus, some Hertwig's epithelial cells remain in the periodontal ligament intermixed with follicular mesenchyme cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnostic value of the assay of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in patients with primary bronchial cancer].

We studied the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) in 90 patients with primary lung cancer. One or both markers were increased in 45 patients (50%): CEA only was increased in 13, CA 19-9 only was increased in 19, and both CEA and CA 19-9 were increased in 13. Increase of markers did not differ according to histologic subtype of cancer. Increase or decrease of the markers (mainly CA 19-9) usually parallelled evolution of the disease in our patients. Thus, measurement of both CEA and CA 19-9 levels are of diagnostic value in half the patients with primary lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Detection of anti-collagen antibodies by a solid phase radioimmunologic technic].

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay using 125I-protein A is described for the detection of antibodies to collagens of different types. The optimal conditions for the adsorption of collagen onto polystyrene microplates, then the incubations with the antiserum and finally with the 125I-protein A have been evaluated. The technique was applied successfully to antisera raised in rabbit, goat, guinea pig and mouse against human type I, II, III, IV, V and bovine type I, II, 1 alpha 2 alpha 3 alpha, X1-X7 collagens.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Circulating immune complexes: optimization and characteristics of the C1q(I125) fixation test].

The present paper describes the optimisation of a liquid phase [125I] C1q binding assay for the detection of circulating immune complexes. Blood must be collected without any anticoagulant. The serum can be stored or transported as usual without damage. A 90 min incubation is needed to reach the equilibrium of the reaction; polyethylene glycol (2,5% final concentration) is added to precipitate the [125I] C1q-CIC complex. By its simplicity and reproducibility, this test can be currently employed, especially in the case of treatment by plasmapheresis.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1984

[Serum assay of anti-wasp venom IgG by radioimmunoprecipitation. Application to patients during desensitization].

Rapid, specific and reproducible radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIP) for measuring IgG antibodies against Yellow Jacket Venom (YJV) has been developed. The YJV-I125 is added to serum sample and the immune complexes are precipitated by a second antibody with polyethylene glycol. IgG antibodies were measured by RIP in 24 patients receiving Yellow Jacket Venom immunotherapy. RIP assays were compared for 159 sera to a solid phase procedure (RAST IgG).

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1984

[Assay of circulating anti-insulin antibodies by radioimmunoprecipitation].

We report a radio-immunoprecipitation method for the measurement of circulating insulin antibodies using porcine, bovine or human radiolabeled insulin and precipitation of the bound fraction by a combined polyethylene glycol--second antibody method. The coefficient of variation for intra- and inter-assay is below 8,5 p. cent and 17 p. cent respectively. 100 insulin treated patients sera were tested in the three systems: the results showed a great scattering; for the same serum, the values obtained with porcine and human insulins are below that with bovine insulin. The data correlated statistically significantly with those found with a commercial kit (r = 0,97, n = 170, t = -4,91, p greater than 0,001).

Chemical Precipitation↗