Effects of stimulus intensity on cardiovascular activity.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acoustic Stimulation↗
Biomedical subjects
G Turpin
Publications and source records attributed to G Turpin.
Ambulatory electrodermal monitoring: effects of ambient temperature, general activity, electrolyte media, and length of recording.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
A device for ambulatory skin conductance monitoring.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Ambulatory Care↗
[Apolipoproteins. Structure, function and pathological changes].
The principal facts known about the main apolipoproteins (A, B, C, E) are reviewed. Their structure and role in the metabolism of lipoproteins are described. Recent studies have shown structural abnormalities or metabolic changes in some apolipoproteins usually leading to hyper or hypo-lipoproteinaemia. The practical implications of apolipoproteins at the present state of our techniques are indicated.
Apolipoproteins↗
[Hypertensive forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia].
The authors describe the principal clinical and biological features of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with hypertension with respect to their own experience and a review of the literature: a beta-11-hydroxylase deficiency is well-known, an alpha-17-hydroxylase deficiency is exceptionally rare. Several clinical and biological advances are discussed in the light of recent studies.
Adolescent↗
[Treatment of hypertensive forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia].
The treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (hypertensive forms) is based, as in the other forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, on corticosteroid therapy. The choice of drug, dosage, precocity, clinical and biological surveillance, are analysed in turn. The results on pubertal development, adult size, gonad development in the 11-betahydroxylase deficit type, are considered in the light of recent studies. The treatment of the 17-alpha-hydroxylase type is also based on the inhibition of glucocorticoid secretion. Results are satisfactory in the few cases published.
Adolescent↗
[Hypertension in malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex. A review of clinical, biological and hormonal features].
Hypertension may be a prominent and sometimes the dominant expression of tumours of the adrenal cortex as demonstrated in a personal series of 9 cases and in comparable series in the literature. It is therefore important, despite their relatively low incidence, to recognise adrenal cortical tumours as the cause of hypertension. The present study was undertaken to show that this diagnosis is relatively easy. The simplest indicators are:--the change in body electrolytes with hypokalaemia and hyper-kaliuria is practically constant and should prompt a hormonal investigation to demonstrate increases adrenal secretion of mineralocorticoids;--there is also a high incidence, despite the variable profiles of plasma and urinary corticosteroids, of paradoxical lowering of plasma aldosterone in parallel with normal or low PRA which does not react to orthostatism. These two preliminary investigations are the prelude and invitation to the measurement of other mineralocorticoids, especially desoxycorticosterone secondary to a relative block of 11-betahydroxylation from what other in vivo and in vitro studies have shown. Repeated monitoring of the preceding investigations is important for the post-operative follow-up and diagnosis of recurrences or metastases.
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
[Nonfunctional or nonsecreting hypophyseal adenomas. Review of clinical, biological, neuroradiological, developmental and immunohistochemical characteristics. Apropos of 40 cases].
The authors report 40 cases of functionless pituitary adenomas, investigated by the same protocol and treated in the same way, between 1976 and 1982. The clinical, biological, neuroradiological features, clinical course and anatomopathological findings of this very uniform series are described. A complete immuno-histochemical study was undertaken. These findings suggest that the diagnosis of a true functionless pituitary adenoma should be based on the following criteria: --clinical and biological: absence of hormonal hypersecretion; --histological: absence or very few signs of secretory activity (little ergastoplasma, few mitochondria and Golgi apparatus); --immuno-histochemical: absence of reactivity to immunofluorescence and immuno-peroxydase methods.
Adenoma↗
[Malignant adrenal cortical tumors. 9 cases].
Nine cases of malignant adrenal cortical tumour treated during the last decade are reported. As in many other series, these rare tumours were predominant on the left side (7/9) and affected mainly adult females (6/!) with a mean age of 44 years. The 8 secretory tumours were revealed by their hormonal effects: endocrine syndrome or arterial hypertension. The single, clinically non-secretory tumour presented as a palpable mass. The most common findings of hormonal exploration undertaken in 8 of the 9 patients were abolition of the cortisol nycthemeral cycle and non-response to dynamic tests. In 8 cases the tumour was demonstrated by intravenous urography, but its location and extension were best shown by CT scans. Two scintigraphies performed with labelled iodocholesterol were positive. All patients underwent complete excision of the tumour: 5 out of 9 had hepatic metastases at the time of surgery. The median survival of the 7 patients who died was 13 months; 6 of these had received Op'DDD (mitotane) post-operatively. Two patients, including one treated with Op'DDD, are still alive after 18 and 32 months respectively, without signs of recurrence.
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
[Venous thromboembolic accidents during idiopathic hyperlipaemia].
The authors report 30 cases of venous thromboembolic accidents during familial hyperlipaemia. This type of accident, never previously described, calls for the following comments: (1) there was a striking number of recurrences in some patients although none of the usual contributing factors of thromboembolic disease were present; (2) the accidents only occurred in patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia (mixed type IIb hyperlipaemia, type IV endogenous hypertriglyceridaemia); (3) the accidents ceased completely after the metabolic disorder was corrected. In the prevention of post-operative thromboembolic disease more attention than before should be paid to patients with endogenous triglyceridaemia.
Adult↗
17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency syndrome associated with bilateral streak gonads and impaired development of Müllerian ducts derivatives. Report of a case.
We report severe 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency in a 17 year-old black girl with 46,XX genotype. The diagnosis was suspected because of primary amenorrhoea, absence of sexual maturation, hypertension and hypokalaemia with renal potassium wasting. Endocrine investigation revealed low basal levels of all steroid hormones which require 17 alpha-hydroxylation for biosynthesis (i.e. glucocorticoids, androgens and oestrogens). No increase in their basal levels was seen following adrenal stimulation, indicating a severe block. Plasma concentrations of ACTH, FSH and LH were elevated as were progesterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone. Plasma renin activity was suppressed and aldosterone levels were very low. After 4 months of glucocorticoid replacement therapy, aldosterone was still low, even though the suppression was otherwise effective. Our case is unusual because bilateral streak gonads and impaired development of Müllerian ducts derivatives were also present. To our knowledge, a similar case has never been reported before.
Adolescent↗
[Recent advances in hormonal detection of pituitary somatotropic adenomas (author's transl)].
The primary role of either the hypothalamus or pituitary in the origin of acromegaly has still to be determined, but some interesting progress has been made in the hormonal detection of pituitary somatotropic adenomas over recent years. The most valid explorations remain assays of basal GH and somatomedin levels, and the absence of blocking of GH by glucose. Abnormal and/or paradoxical responses to certain dynamic tests are seen with variable frequency: stimulation of GH by TRH (62.9 p. cent), or by LH-RH (35.9 p. cent), and bromocriptive blocking (70.8 p. cent). These findings could be of diagnostic value in the rare cases when the results of biological tests are inconclusive (basal GH levels normal, apparent persistence of the GH nycterohemeral cycle, or even blocking of GM by glucose). Other tests of stimulation or blocking proposed for the investigation of acromegaly are reviewed, but these are non-specific, non-reproducible, and give unreliable results.
Acromegaly↗
[Progress in the hormonal detection of pituitary prolactin adenoma].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adenoma↗
[Recent advances in post-therapeutic hormonal surveillance of prolactin adenomas (author's transl)].
Therapeutic results in 80 cases of pituitary prolactin adenomas, grouped according to Hardy's neurosurgical classification, are discussed as a function of the 5 types of treatment administered. These were: selective adenomectomy by the trans-sphenoidal approach under microscopic supervision; bromocriptine usually at doses of 5 to 7.5 mg per day; combined surgery and radiotherapy (50 to 60 grays 5 times per week for 5 to 6 weeks); surgery plus bromocriptine; surgery plus radiotherapy plus bromocriptine. Selective adenomectomy gives excellent results in stages 1 and 2, if performed by an experienced surgeon. Bromocriptine was remarkably effective in all cases, whatever the level of blood prolactin and the size of the adenoma. Prolactin levels never returned to normal after radiotherapy, which also markedly increased the frequency of post-therapeutic hormonal insufficiencies.
Adenoma↗
[Inappropriate thyrotropin secretion. Part 2: non tumoral (author's transl)].
Some patients are clinically euthyroid despite high thyroid hormones levels associated with detectable but not elevated serum TSH. These patients are considered as being resistant to thyroid hormones. The resistance may be severe or partial and in most cases seems to be autosomal dominant; it affects some tissues more than others, thus giving rise to a variety of clinical symptoms. In a few patients with high TSH levels extensive studies have failed to provide evidence of pituitary tumour of resistance to thyroid hormones; the cause of TSH hypersecretion in such cases remains uncertain. Several factors (non specific serum proteins, cross-reactivity circulating antibodies) may result in falsely high T3, T4 and TSH values on radioimmune assays and must be carefully investigated in the presence of unexpectedly high serum TSH levels.
Child↗
[Inappropriate thyrotropin secretion. Part 1: tumoral (author's transl)].
Release of thyroxine and triiodothyronine from the thyroid gland is stimulated by the pituitary hormone thyrotropin, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH secretion in turn is regulated by control mechanisms, which include a negative feedback effect of the thyroid hormones themselves and the actions of the hypothalamic peptide TRH and of several central neurotransmitters. Hyperthyroidism secondary to excessive TSH secretion is a rare entity. In most cases TSH hypersecretion results from an adenoma of the pituitary gland and may then be associated with increased prolactin or growth hormone production. It should be emphasized that most patients with pituitary adenoma have high serum levels of alpha TSH subunit and undetectable beta TSH subunit.
Adenoma↗
[Interference of meprobamate with adrenal hormone assays (author's transl)].
The authors draw attention to the fact that the decrease in 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids observed in patients under meprobamate treatment is probably due to chemical interference with assay methods, since normal response to metyrapone indicates that the adrenal function is unimpaired. The asthenia usually reported by these patients is due to depression and should not be blamed on deficiency of the adrenal cortex.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
[Acquired post-traumatic and idiopathic hypothalamic panhypopituitarism in adults. Three cases (author's transl)].
Three cases of hypothalamic panhypopituitarism in male adults are reported. Two of them, without antidiuretic hormone deficiency, succeeded to a closed head injury. The third one was associated with impaired posterior pituitary function and presumably was of idiopathic origin, since radiological and ophthalmological investigations gave normal results, although the disease seemed to have begun some 20 years before.
Adult↗