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Biomedical subjects

G Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to G Taylor.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Shape and volume changes in erythrocyte ghosts and spectrin-actin networks.

In response to changes in electrolyte concentration and pH, erythrocyte ghosts can exhibit some of the characteristic shapes seen in the intact erythrocyte. These shape changes are accompanied by volume changes; both are reversible, not energy dependent, and not inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents. The volume reduction can also be seen in isolated Triton-free spectrin-actin lattices, showing that this network is capable of reversible contraction. The results suggest that reversible changes in size of the underlying cytoskeleton of the erythrocyte membrane can control cell shape.

Actins↗
PubMed1980

Acute leukemia during pregnancy.

The management of acute leukemia during pregnancy is difficult. We induced remission in a 23-year-old woman with thioguanine and cytarabine therapy during the 27th week of pregnancy. There were no apparent drug-related, long-term effects on the newborn.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Interaction of Mycoplasma pulmonis with mouse peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

Mouse peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclear leucocytes were examined for their ability to kill Mycoplasma pulmonis in vitro. Killing of mycoplasmas was shown to require specific antibody, suggesting that antibody-dependent phagocytosis may be involved in resistance to infection. Convalescent mouse serum appeared to be less effective than rabbit antiserum in promoting the killing of mycoplasmas by phagocytic cells. Moreover, mycoplasmas recovered directly from the respiratory tract of infected mice were more resistant to killing by macrophage cultures than organisms grown in vitro. The possibility that these observations may contribute to an understanding of the persistent nature of M. pulmonis infections in mice is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Class-specific antibody responses to Mycoplasma pulmonis in sera and lungs of infected and vaccinated mice.

Class-specific antibodies were measured by a solid-phase microradioimmunoassay in the sera and lung washings of mice after intranasal or intravenous inoculation with live Mycoplasma pulmonis and after systemic, intranasal, or combined vaccination with Formalin-inactivated mycoplasmas. After intranasal or intravenous inoculation with live organisms, serum antibodies were first detected in immunoglobulin M (IgM) followed by IgG2, IgG1, and IgA classes, but significant levels of IgA developed only in those mice inoculated intranasally. The appearance of antibodies in lung washings was later than in serum, but again these were predominantly IgG2 and IgG1. After inoculation with killed organisms, serum antibodies were predominantly IgG1, although IgG2, IgM, and, in intranasally vaccinated mice, IgA were also present. Only IgG1 was detected in lung washings from mice vaccinated systemically, but IgA and IgG2 were present in addition in animals vaccinated intranasally. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that some antibody in lung washings from the latter group of animals was produced locally. A comparison of the levels of various class-specific antibodies and resistance to intranasal challenge suggested that local antibody of any immunoglobulin class is capable of mediating resistance in the lungs to M. pulmonis infection.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1980

Operative treatment of a giant cerebral artery aneurysm with hypothermia and circulatory arrest: report of a case.

A patient with a giant left middle cerebral artery aneurysm is presented. Because of previous operations and dense adhesions of the dominant frontal and temporal lobes to the aneurysm sac, we elected to obliterate the aneurysm by endaneurysmorrhaphy with the patient under hypothermia and cardiac arrest. Elective cardiac arrest has become a relatively safe, controllable procedure and may be of significant value in the treatment of difficult neurosurgical problems.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Immunity to Mycoplasma bovis infections of the respiratory tract of calves.

Calves were inoculated intramuscularly with formalin killed Mycoplasma bovis with adjuvant and after 14 days intratracheally with killed organisms without adjuvant. Seven days later they were challenged intratracheally and 21 days after challenge they were found to have significantly fewer M bovis in their lungs than control calves. Two intramuscular or two intratracheal inoculations of killed M bovis were not found to induce resistance but imunity could be stimulated by three subcutaneous inoculations of inactivated mycoplasmas with adjuvant. Immunity was correlated with antibody detectable in lung washings by the single radial haemolysis technique. Combined intramuscular and intratracheal administration of killed M bovis induced a better antibody response in lung washings than two intramuscular or two intratracheal inoculations. Antibody was also detected in lung washings from calves inoculated three times subcutaneously but in this case it was thought to be derived from serum. The antibody detected in lung washings by single radial haemolysis was found to be IgG by radioimmunoassay.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Surface receptors for immunoglobulin on bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophils and macrophages.

Surface receptors for rabbit immunoglobulin (Ig) and bovine IgG1 were detected on bovine alveolar macrophages by the rosette technique. Receptors for bovine IgG2 were either absent from, or present at a low level on, the surface of these cells. In contrast, polymorphonuclear neutrophils from peripheral blood and milk were shown to have surface receptors for bovine IgG2 but not for bovine IgG1 or rabbit Ig.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Immunosurveillance in pre-malignant occupational bladder disease.

A population of workers exposed to bladder carcinogens has been studied by comparing their immunoreactivity against bladder cancer cells and against a control cancer cell with that found in normal individuals and in patients with bladder cancer. Data are presented which indicate equivalent increases in specific reactivity against bladder cancer cells in clinically normal carcinogen-exposed workers and in patients with bladder cancer. Increases in reactivity are related to degree of exposure and also to early malignant changes in the urothelium. This indicates that immune recognition of tumour antigens does occur before development of overt malignancy.

1-Naphthylamine↗
PubMed1979

Variation in the virulence of strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis related to susceptibility to killing by macrophages in vivo.

The virulence of five strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis, as judged by their ability to survive in the respiratory tract and induce pneumonia in CBA mice, was related to the ability of viable organisms to persist in the peritoneal cavity. This appeared to be the result of differences in the ability of the strains to resist killing by peritoneal macrophages in vivo. It is suggested that resistance to phagocytosis by macrophages is an important determinant of virulence for M. pulmonis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Solid-phase micro-radioimmunoassay to measure immunoglobulin class-specific antibody to Mycoplasma pulmonis.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used for the detection and quantitation of immunoglobulin class-specific antibodies to Mycoplasma pulmonis in mouse sera. The RIA was found to be more sensitive than the single radial haemolysis (SRH) test for detecting antibodies in sera from mice at intervals after inoculation with M. pulmonis, since antibody was detected in 26 out of 29 serum samples by RIA but in only 8 out of 29 samples by SRH. A method is described for quantitating immunoglobulin class-specific antibody in test sera by reference to a standard serum. The RIA should be useful for the study of the relative importance of various immunoglobulin classes in resistance to mycoplasma infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Frequent elevation of tissue polypeptide antigen in the sera of workers exposed to bladder carcinogens.

A group of 108 male workers previously exposed to bladder carcinogens and a group of 26 patients with carcinoma of the bladder differed significantly from a control group comprising 63 healthy male donors with respect to their levels of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA). The risk group exhibited 4-6 times more frequent elevations of TPA than did the group of healthy donors.

2-Naphthylamine↗