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Biomedical subjects

G T Craig

Publications and source records attributed to G T Craig.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Allergy to octyl gallate causing stomatitis.

Octyl gallate is an antioxidant (European Community number 311). It is used as a preservation agent in a wide variety of foods and other non-dietary substances. We report a case of a 49-year-old female with a 10-year history of 'burning mouth' and clinical erythema of the tongue, who, after investigation, proved to be allergic to octyl gallate. Management with an exclusion diet proved effective in both controlling the burning sensation and resolving the erythema of the tongue.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1992

Bone cell interactions with a granular glass-ionomer bone substitute material: in vivo and in vitro culture models.

The interface between bone and a synthetic bone substitute constructed from glass-ionomer cement (ionomeric microimplant) was studied in diffusion chambers implanted in a primate baboon model (Papio ursinus) and in in vitro primary bone organ cultures derived from neonate rat calvaria. In both models osteoblast-like cells colonized the surface of the implant producing a collagenous extracellular matrix. An electron-dense bonding zone similar to that reported for hydroxyapatite and titanium was seen in both models but was a more constant feature of the tissue/implant interface in calvarial culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

In vitro interaction between primary bone organ cultures, glass-ionomer cements and hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate ceramics.

Primary organ cultures derived from neonate rat calvaria were maintained for 2 wk and used to study in vitro response of osteoblast and periosteal cells to the component and composite forms of three different glass-ionomer (polyalkenoic) cements, comparing them to densely sintered hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate ceramics. Qualitative analysis by scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that osteoblasts colonized all the solid test materials, although there was a less favourable response to materials with a rough surface topography and to unset and fluoride-containing glasses. On solid materials migrated cells maintained their tessellated morphology and exhibited numerous micro-appendages anchoring them to the surface of the test materials. A collagen-containing extracellular matrix was elaborated on to the ceramics and set glass-ionomer cements, except for one (AquaCem). Mineralization of the extracellular matrix was seen adjacent to hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate ceramics, that adjacent to the latter morphologically resembling bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Tissue response to subperiosteal implantation of dense hydroxyapatite: case report.

Hydroxyapatite is becoming a popular implant material, yet reports on the tissue response it evokes in humans have been few in number and are based on relatively short periods of implantation. In the present case, implant material became available when it proved necessary to modify an alveolar ridge augmentation procedure carried out 18 month previously. Histology showed that whilst some parts of the implanted material were embedded only in fibrous tissue, others had become fully integrated within partly remodelled bony trabeculae. These findings confirm the status of hydroxyapatite as a biocompatible implant material and provide further evidence of its bone-bonding and osteoconductive capacities.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Quantitation of lactoferrin in odontogenic cyst fluids.

A competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure the concentration of lactoferrin in fluids from 36 odontogenic keratocysts, 15 dentigerous cysts, and 30 radicular/residual cysts. Keratocyst fluids contained significantly higher concentrations of lactoferrin than fluids from the other two types of cyst (p less than 0.001); but the range of values obtained within each group was large. Although lactoferrin represents a larger proportion of the total protein in keratocyst fluids than in dentigerous or radicular cyst fluids, lactoferrin concentration is not an absolute diagnostic marker for keratocysts. Lactoferrin concentration correlated strongly with the numbers of neutrophils present in keratocyst fluids (p less than 0.001), less so for dentigerous cyst fluids (p less than 0.05, and not at all in the case of radicular cyst fluids. It is suggested that neutrophils are the source of lactoferrin in the three categories of cyst studied but that the relatively impermeable nature of the keratocyst lining probably accounts for the particularly high concentrations of lactoferrin found in their fluids. Given that most keratocysts were asymptomatic, acute inflammation itself does not explain the reason for the high numbers of neutrophils in many of the fluids.

Dentigerous Cyst↗
PubMed1987

The effect of indomethacin on tumor regression in DMBA-induced epithelial neoplasia of hamster cheek pouch mucosa.

Tumors were allowed to develop in the cheek pouches in two groups of hamsters following topical application three times per week of a 0.5% solution of 7, 12-dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene (DMBA) in liquid paraffin administered for 10 weeks. Two control groups received no DMBA treatment. After carcinogen application, the animals in one DMBA-treated group and those in one of the control groups were given indomethacin daily; this was administered through the oral route for an additional 10 weeks. At this time, all of the animals were killed and their cheek pouches, the draining cervical lymph nodes, and other organs were removed for examination. The number and size of tumors in each pouch were recorded, and each pouch was weighed. Indomethacin, in the dosage administered, was not found to cause regression of established tumors. The effects of prostaglandins, indomethacin, and other prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitors in tumor tissue are discussed. It is suggested that more knowledge is needed about the role of prostaglandins, and the related products of AA metabolism, in squamous cell cancer before indomethacin is used therapeutically.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1987

Evidence for the presence of lactoferrin in odontogenic keratocyst fluids.

Investigations into the possibility that X (an antigen consistently present in aspirated odontogenic keratocysts, but not in most fluids from other cyst types), represented a keratinocyte component failed to identify the antigen as a keratin, involucrin, or one of the blood group substances. Antigen X was detected in human mixed and parotid saliva and in colostrum, as well as in a commercially obtained preparation of colostral IgA. The antigen was similar biochemically to both secretory component and lactoferrin but proved to be identical antigenically with lactoferrin. The origin of lactoferrin in keratocyst fluids remains uncertain, though the lining epithelium seems a more likely source than does the very variable, and often negligible, inflammatory infiltrate found in these lesions.

Antigens↗
PubMed1986

Recognition of protein apparently specific to odontogenic keratocyst fluids.

Separate antisera were raised against keratocyst, dentigerous cyst, and radicular cyst fluids and used to analyse a range of fluids from cysts of known type. Samples were subjected to crossed immunoelectrophoresis into homologous antiserum through an intermediate gel containing antibody to whole human serum to screen out serum derived components. A major antigen, designated X, which seems to be of epithelial origin but is not a keratin, was identified in keratocyst fluids. X resolves as two bands on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with molecular weights of 81 K and 89 K and its major antigenic epitope is associated with disulphide bonds. Of the cysts studied to date, antigen X has been found consistently and exclusively in fluids from keratocysts; its presence and detection is independent of total soluble protein concentration and thus offers real potential as a reliable marker for preoperative diagnosis.

Antigens↗
PubMed1984

Oral submucous fibrosis: two cases of malignant transformation in Asian immigrants to the United Kingdom.

Three cases of oral submucous fibrosis are reported, two of which were associated with oral carcinoma. The disease is described and aspects of its clinical presentation, aetiology and treatment are discussed. It is argued that the condition is not as rare amongst Asian immigrants as the small number of reported cases might suggest and that early detection and follow up are important because of the risk of neoplasia.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1984

An investigation of the role of true hypha production in the pathogenesis of experimental oral candidosis.

From 427 cases of human oral candidosis 2135 yeast clones were screened for the presence of germ tube-negative C. albicans and variants that formed only pseudohyphae in serum; one strain of each was found. The pathogenic potential of the serum-pseudohyphal and germ tube-negative C. albicans variants was investigated in the oral cavity of the rat; both variants failed to induce palatal candidosis, in contrast to a germ tube-positive C. albicans control strain. The pathogenic potential of C. albicans strains appears to be dependent on the formation of true germ tubes.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Dermoid cyst of the mandible.

A mid-line cyst of the mandible is described which possessed the histological features of a dermoid cyst. This appears to be the first fully documented example of a totally intra-osseous dermoid cyst in the mandible. The pathogenesis of the present lesion is discussed in relation to both the odontogenic and the non-odontogenic cysts that may occur in the mandibular mid-line.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Stereological analysis of hamster cheek pouch epithelium after one application of DMBA or turpentine.

Both cheek pouches of two groups of five male hamsters were treated with one application of either 50% turpentine in liquid paraffin (TLP50) or a 0.5% solution of dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene in liquid paraffin (DMBA); animals were killed 48 h later. Five untreated animals served as controls. Mucosal specimens were removed from each pouch, fixed in normal-acetic-alcohol and processed for light microscopy. Sections were cut at 4 micrometer and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. A systematic random sampling method was used to obtain sections for sterological analysis. Grids for point and intersect counting were superimposed on the projection screen of an automatic sampling microscope. Results showed that the epithelial nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear density, nuclear diameter and surface area interface ratios were similar for the experimental groups and, with the exception of the last parameter, differed significantly from controls. The volume proportion of TLP50-treated epithelium was significantly larger than that of DMBA-treated epithelium. Derived values for the average nuclear volume in both experimental groups were almost twice that of controls; the cytoplasmic volumes were more than doubled. At 48 h the epithelial response to a single application of TLP50 or DMBA was essentially similar except that TLP50 probably induced greater hyperplasia.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1979

Disseminated histoplasmosis presenting with oral lesions - report of a case.

A case of disseminated histoplasmosis is presented in which the initial diagnosis was made on the histology from oral lesions. The clinical and microscopical differential diagnoses are discussed. Including the present case, 12 of the 13 subjects with disseminated histoplasmosis initially diagnosed in Great Britain have given a history of residence in an area where the disease is endemic. Many years of good health may intervene between the original infection and its subsequent reactivation. A diminished cellular immune response may precipitate this reactivation but could also facilitate the possibility of exogenous reinfection. The literature is reviewed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗