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Biomedical subjects

G Strohmeyer

Publications and source records attributed to G Strohmeyer.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Benign recurring intrahepatic cholestasis--a case report].

The diagnosis of benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis was made in a 40 year old female. Seven episodes of jaundice persisting up to 6 months in lengths lead to 3 laparotomies, numerous peritoneoscopies and needle biopsies of the liver. Elevation of conjugated serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels and histopathological confirmation of intrahepatic cholestasis without cholangitis were the main characteristics during the episodes of cholestatic jaundice. However, hepatic histology and liver function were normal in remission periods. Drug induced cholestasis was ruled out by careful history. A sister also suffered from 4 episodes of intrahepatic cholestasis. The etiology of the disease is probably of a genetic origin. The pathogenesis remains unclear. There is no specific treatment to prevent or shorten the occurrence of cholestatic episodes. The patients are advised to avoid pregnancy and oral contraceptives, since both will induce icteric phases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Extrahepatic bile ducts in healthy subjects, in patients with cholelithiasis, and in postcholecystectomy patients: a prospective ultrasonic study.

To determine the average diameter and the upper normal limit of the common bile duct in healthy man, 830 blood donors were examined by ultrasound. The mean diameter was 2.5 +/- 1.1 mm (SD) at the porta hepatis and 2.8 +/- 1.2 mm (SD) at the widest point, the regression coefficient between both diameters being r = 0.84. None of the healthy subjects had a diameter larger than 7 mm at any site, and in 95% of all subjects the diameters were less than 4 mm at both sites of measurement. The diameters were significantly correlated with age (r = 0.16) and weight (r = 0.11), but not with sex, height, and body surface area. In 73 patients with cholelithiasis and in 55 patients after cholecystectomy, all of whom lacked clinical or laboratory signs of biliary obstruction, the average diameters at the porta hepatis were 3.8 +/- 2.0 mm and 5.2 +/- 2.3 mm, and at the widest point 4.8 +/- 2.2 mm and 6.2 +/- 2.5 mm, respectively. It is concluded that a common bile duct with any sonographic diameter larger than 4 mm should be followed closely and evaluated further with clinical examinations such as intravenous cholangiography unless cholecystectomy has been performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cortisol excretion into gastric juice. Studies in health, in digestive ulcer disease, and in surgery stress.

Gastric juice cortisol concentrations in 36 healthy subjects in the basal state was 10.5 +/- 2.1 ng/ml. After stimulation with pentagastrin it was 11.5 +/- 3.2 ng/ml. There were no differences related to age or sex. Cortisol outputs were 25.9 +/- 12.1 ng/min in the basal state and 35.9 +/- 13.2 during pentagastrin stimulation. After stimulation with ACTH in 6 subjects gastric juice cortisol concentration increased 5.4 times while gastric cortisol output increased 19-fold. The plasma cortisol rose by a factor of 2.3 while the plasma free cortisol rose by a factor of 2.6. Gastric juice cortisol concentration increases correlated with concentrations of free and total plasma cortisol in plasma. When plasma levels of cortisol or dexamethasone were raised by intravenous infusions, the concentration in gastric juice depended on the free corticoid concentration in plasma. Gastric juice cortisol concentrations in 38 patients with gastric, duodenal, or combined gastric and duodenal ulcers were the same as in normal subjects. In 6 patients studied up to 6 days following abdominal surgery, both plasma and gastric cortisol concentrations were elevated but the increase in gastric juice cortisol was proportionally greater. This was not due to vagal stimulation, as shown by the failure of gastric juice cortisol concentrations to rise similarly during insulin hypoglycemia. Postsurgical increases in gastric juice cortisol may reflect the loss of protein-bound cortisol into the gastrointestinal tract as a result of injury to the gastric mucosa.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

Hepatic gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in alcoholic fatty liver: comparison with other liver enzymes in man and rats.

Compared with controls, patients with alcoholic fatty liver showed a significant increase of gamma-glutamyltransferase activity both in the liver and serum, whereas alkaline phosphatase activity was raised only in the liver but not in the serum. The activities of other enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase remained virtually unchanged in the liver of patients with alcoholic fatty liver but were strikingly enhanced in the serum. The hepatic and serum alterations of enzymic activities observed in patients with alcoholic fatty liver could be reproduced in the rat model of alcoholic fatty liver only for gamma-glutamyltransferase but not for the other enzymes tested, substantiating evidence that the animal model may serve as an appropriate tool for studying interactions between alcohol and gamma-glutamyltransferase. The present experiments also indicate that the primary cause for increased serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activities associated with prolonged alcohol consumption is hepatic enzyme induction rather than liver cell injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of antacids on intestinal motility].

Disturbances of gut motility occur frequently under a highdose antacid regimen. Typical symptoms are diarrhea and constipation. They are due to the cations of the antacids. Aluminum causes constipation, magnesium induces diarrhea, and calcium has no definite motor effect. The following mechanisms of action have to be taken into consideration: effects of the cations on the smooth muscle of the gut, on the enteric nervous system and on the release of gastrointestinal hormones as well as alterations of the physiochemical properties of the intraluminal contents. Aluminum inhibits the motor activity of the stomach and intestine, magnesium stimulates muscle contractions; however, the simultaneous activation of the intrinsic nerves, which are predominantly inhibitory, by magnesium may conceal the muscular effects of this cation. The diarrhea under a highdose regimen of antacid combinations appears to be due predominantly to the osmotic-secretory effects of the antacids.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[The large liver].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1981

Hepatic microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS): increased activity following propylthiouracil administration.

Treatment for 7 days with the thyreostatic drug propylthiouracil (5 mg/100 g of body weight) resulted in a hypothyroid hepatic state as shown by the marked decreased hepatic content of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. This regimen led to an enchanced activity of the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system, whereas the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase remained unchanged. Moreover, a hyperthyroid hepatic state achieved following the daily administration of L-thyroxine (150 micrograms/100 g of body weight) or L-3,3', 5-triiodothyronine (10 micrograms/100 g body weight) for 7 days resulted in a similar increased activity of the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system. Under these conditions, a decrease of alcohol dehydrogenase activity and an unaffected catalase activity was observed. These findings, therefore, show that the administration of either propylthiouracil or thyroid hormones results in an increased activity of the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system, suggesting that the underlying mechanism for the induction of the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system by propylthiouracil is independent of the action of thyroid hormones.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1981

[Acid secretion and serum gastrin during acute and chronic treatment with pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer (author's transl)].

In 8 outpatients with duodenal ulcer the effect of a single dose of 50 mg pirenzepine is compared to a 3-7 days treatment with 2x50 mg. Basal and peptone-stimulated acid output is measured. A single dose of 50 mg pirenzepine reduced basal acid output by 39,9% and the stimulated acid secretion by 21,3%. Treatment for 3-7 days with 2x50 mg pirenzepine is significantly more effective. Basal acid output is reduced by 75,1% and stimulated acid output by 54,0%. No acid inhibition can be demonstrated 12 hours after the last drug administration. Basal serum gastrin levels are little but significantly increased after chronic treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

[Diagnosis of iron overload and hemochromatosis (author's transl)].

During the last years major advances have been achieved in the diagnosis of iron overload and idiopathic hemo-chromatosis (IHC). The mode of inheritance of this disease in known today and early diagnosis can be made by use of new genetic markers; thus, early treatment may prevent irreversible late complications. The diagnostic procedure is discussed, based on 74 own cases with IHC. Diagnosis has to rely on clinical features and laboratory tests. Measurements of serum iron, transferrin saturation and of serum ferritin are most important non invasive diagnostic tests. Our findings confirm that ferritin measurements may be normal in some precirrhotic patients. Measurement of serum iron seems to discriminate most accurately between heterozygous and homozygous relatives. The pathogenesis of IHC still remains unclear in spite of many recent efforts to clarify it. Early diagnosis and phlebotomy have dramatically improved the prognosis of IHC.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1981

Predictors of duodenal ulcer healing and relapse.

Predictors of duodenal ulcer healing and relapse were examined in a population known to have a high healing incidence. Two double-blind prospective studies were performed in 134 patients over 4 wk and in 66 patients over 1 yr, respectively. Short-term treatment consisted either of cimetidine 1 g/day, pirenzepine 75 mg/day, or placebo. In a multiple stepwise linear regression analysis the following factors proved to increase healing incidence in decreasing order of importance: female sex, moderate alcohol consumption, abstinence from smoking, young age, and cimetidine treatment. The following factors had no influence on duodenal ulcer healing: number and total area of peptic lesions, concomitant disease, relatives with duodenal ulcer, duration of duodenal ulcer disease, and status as a migrant worker. In the long-term study, treatment consisted either of cimetidine 400 mg at bedtime, pirenzepine 30 mg at bedtime, or placebo. Cimetidine prevented ulcer relapse. Smoking favored duodenal ulcer relapse in the placebo group, but not in the cimetidine and pirenzepine group. For all the other factors no statistically significant effect was found. It is concluded that in a population with high spontaneous healing incidence (a) factors other than drug treatment such as sex, alcohol intake, smoking, and age are at least as important predictors of the outcome of short-term treatment as the drug treatment itself; (b) moderate alcohol intake might favor ulcer healing; (c) the unfavorable effect of smoking on ulcer relapse is overcome by low-dose, long-term, antisecretory treatment.

Adult↗