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Biomedical subjects

G Stein

Publications and source records attributed to G Stein.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Methodological error in clinical lysozyme determinations].

In 152 sera and 40 synovial fluids of 192 patients from 3 different diagnostic groups the level of muramidase was studied comparatively with the lysoplate method. Despite the similar correlations of mean values and standard deviations of the results in the single groups, en detail these are significantly different. With an increasing mean value of 1 U (mg/l) the standard deviation is elevated by 0.1-0.25 U, for an elevation of s by 1 U mean varied between 3.8 and 9.7 U. This might be of interest for the clinical interpretation esp. of low muramidase values.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Serum vitamin E levels in patients with chronic renal failure.

27 patients with chronic renal failure, 21 patients on chronic intermittent dialysis treatment and 27 healthy controls were tested for serum level of vitamin E estimated spectrophotometrically. Both patient groups had significant higher mean values (12.1 +/- 1.2 and 7.2 +/- 0.8 micrograms/ml respectively) in comparison with normal controls 4.6 +/- 0.7 micrograms/ml). No correlation was found to serum creatinine, hematologic values, protein and lipoprotein concentration, nor to mode and duration of treatment regimes. Vitamin E was not extracted from blood throughout dialysis. Under normal conditions of conservative or dialysis treatment of chronic renal failure patients vitamin E seems not to be a factor concerning uremic symptoms and there is no need for supplementation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Amino acid loss and protein spectrum of the peritoneal dialysate during continuous peritoneal dialysis].

The loss of amino acids and the protein spectrum in the dialysate during continuous peritoneal dialysis were evaluated in 6 patients with normal kidney function in the context of a study on psoriasis therapy. On the 10th day the protein loss was lower than on the 1st day of therapy. The total loss of amino acids was only 0.6 g/day with a dialysate volume of 6 1/24 h and was thus lower than the losses quoted in the literature for an exchange volume of 10 1/24 h. As a whole the loss of amino acids apparently plays only a subordinate role as an influencing factor on protein metabolism in continuous peritoneal dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Analysis of histone gene expression during the cell cycle in HeLa cells by using cloned human histone genes.

Although it is generally agreed that histone protein synthesis is restricted to the S phase of the cell cycle--and therefore parallels DNA replication--both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels of control have been invoked. Using blot hybridization with several cloned genomic human histone sequences representing different histone gene clusters as probes, we have assessed the steady-state level of histone RNAs in the nucleus and cytoplasm of G1 and S phase HeLa S3 cells. The representation of histone mRNA sequences of G1 compared with S phase cells was less than 1% in the cytoplasm and approximately 1% in the nucleus. These data are consistent with transcriptional control, but we cannot completely dismiss the possibility that regulation of histone gene expression is, to some extent, mediated posttranscriptionally. If histone gene transcription does occur in G1, the RNAs must either be rapidly degraded or be transcribed to a limited extent compared with S phase. An unexpected result was obtained when a blot of cytoplasmic RNA from G1 and S phase cells was hybridized with lambda HHG 41 DNA (containing H3 and H4 human genomic histone sequences). Although hybridization with histone mRNAs was observed for RNAs from S phase but not from G1 cells, hybridization with a nonhistone RNA of approximately 330 nucleotides present predominantly in G1 was also observed.

Bacteriophage lambda↗
PubMed1982

Organization of human histone genes.

We describe the isolation and initial characterization of seven independent lambda Charon 4A recombinant phages which contain human histone genomic sequences (designated lambda HHG). Restriction maps of these clones and localization of the genes coding for histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 are presented. The presence of histone encoding regions in the lambda HHG clones was demonstrated by several independent criteria including hybridization with specific DNA probes, hybrid selection/in vitro translation, and hybridization of lambda HHG DNAs to reserve Southern blots containing cytoplasmic RNAs from G1-, S-, and arabinofuranosylcytosine (cytosine arabinoside)-treated S-phase cells. In addition, the lambda HHG DNAs were shown to protect in vivo labeled H4 mRNAs from S1 nuclease digestion. Based on the analysis of the lambda HHG clones, human histone genes appear to be clustered in the genome. However, gene clusters do not seem to be present in identical tandem repeats. The lambda HHG clones described in this report fall into at least three distinct types of arrangement. One of these arrangements contains two coding regions for each of the histones H3 and H4. The arrangement of histone genes in the human genome, therefore, appears to be different from that in the sea urchin and Drosophila genomes in which each of the five histone-encoding regions (H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) is present only once in each tandemly repeated cluster. At least one clone, lambda HHG 41, contains, in addition to the histone genes, a region that hybridizes with a cytoplasmic RNA approximately 330 nucleotides in length. This RNA is not similar in size to known histone-encoding RNAs and is present in the cytoplasm of HeLa cells predominantly in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Bacteriophage lambda↗
PubMed1982

[Surgical reduction of the kidney for inducing chronic kidney insufficiency].

By operative reduction of the renal tissue on 1/5 of both kidneys there are to be produced a chronic renal insufficiency in 21 black mini-pigs. The operative procedure was carried out at one time (nephrectomy and resection of the residual kidney) or at two times (in one group of it at first the nephrectomy and in the other group at first the resection of the kidney). Only 50% of the animals died with the symptom uremia in renal insufficiency. The nephrectomy--with a temporarily shifted resection of the residual kidney--effects the desired changes most approximately with very different reaction. This procedure appears as an animal model for the chronic renal insufficiency altogether not suitable.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[The effect of hemoperfusion with XAD-4 resin on biological constituents of the blood].

13 patients who had undergone a haemoperfusion therapy with Amberlite XAD-4 resin (Haemoresin, Braun, F.R.G.) because of acute intoxication were examined for adsorption of biological material from the blood. Treatment lasting on average 4 hours at a blood-circulation rate of 200 ml/min resulted in a 43% reduction of thrombocytes and in changes in the concentrations of proteins, complement factors, triglycerides, aldosterone and testosterone. Low-molecular substances and electrolytes were however, except for sodium, only slightly influenced. Thus this haemoperfusion system is only suitable for shortterm application and cannot be used without substitution for chronic treatment of terminal renal insufficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Influence of hemoperfusion with XAD-4 resin on the concentration of biologic constituents in the blood.

13 patients, who had been subjected to hemoperfusion with Amberlite XAD-4 resin (Haemoresin, Fa. Braun), because of acute intoxications, were examined for the adsorption of bioactive material from the blood. A mean treatment period of four hours at a blood flow rate of 200 ml/min. resulted in a marked thrombocyte decrease by 43% and changes in the concentrations of proteins, complement components C3 and C4 (16-26%) triglycerides (33%), aldosterone (33%) and testosterone (20%). Low molecular weight substances and electrolytes, however, were only slightly or not affected. Thus hemoperfusion system with its poor biocompatibility and inability to remove BUN, electrolytes and water is only suitable for short-term treatment and cannot be used without detailed control of possible side effects and perhaps substitution for treatment of chronic renal or hepatic failure. Hemoperfusion has proved an efficient method of treating various exogenous intoxications. The adsorption of biologically active material from the blood constitutes several side effects which contraindicate long-term treatment, above all of endogenous intoxications such as chronic renal failure and hepatic failure. With the type of adsorber used - various charcoal preparations, resins etc. such as uncoated material or coated with different substances - these side effects vary and have not yet been investigated in a systematic, comparative and comprehensive way. The present investigations are meant to check the adsorption behaviour of Amberlite XAD-4 Resin in vivo towards some selected blood constituents and the influence of hemoperfusion on the concentrations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Middle molecular weight substances in the cerebrospinal fluid of uremic patients.

The pathogenesis of neuropathy and encephalopathy in patients with renal failure remains unknown. Possible factors include particularly aluminium intoxication, accumulation of certain middle molecular substances (MMS) and disturbances of tryptophan metabolism. Serum and CSF taken post-mortem from 8 uremic subjects who had been treated conservatively and from 4 patients on a chronic intermittent hemodialysis program who had dialysis dementia were subjected to MMS fractionation. Although MMS could not be detected in the CSF of normal controls, these substances were found in the CSF of uremic subjects in a pattern similar to that found in serum, although their concentrations were clearly lower than in serum. Their appearance could be due to impairment of the blood-CSF barrier. Uremic patients who had been treated conservatively had significantly increased CSF tryptophan concentrations when compared to the control subjects, but the CSF tryptophan concentrations of patients with dialysis dementia were in the normal range. Thus the pathogenesis of dialysis dementia cannot be related to the accumulation of MMS or to disturbances of tryptophan metabolism in the CSF.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Detoxication by hemoperfusion].

In 13 patients (2 males, 11 females, 15-70 years of age) on account of severe intoxications with hypnotics sedatives, psychopharmaca, in most cases mixed intoxications, with propranolol and halogenized hydrocarbons a 4--8-hour haemoperfusion treatment with amberlite XAD-4-Resin was performed. 11 patients survived, 1 patient died in irreversible cardiogenic shock of a propranolol intoxication, another patient of the sequels of a crotylbarbital and methaqualone intoxication. The curves of the course of the blood concentration of the individual substances showed a good elimination for phenobarbital and crotylbarbital, methaqualone, meprobamat and didropyridine as well as trichlorethylene, a less good elimination for nitrazepam, propranolol and tetrachlorethylene, Altogether the effectiveness of the detoxication clearly higher in the time unit, compared with the dialysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Analysis of middle molecules in the cerebrospinal fluid of uremic patients].

The pathogenesis of the uraemic polyneuro-encephalopathy is unclear. Among the many possible factors also accumulations of certain medium molecule fractions of peptides and disturbances of the tryptophan metabolism shall play a role. Of 8 deceased conservatively treated uraemics and 4 patients of the chronic haemodialysis programme with a dementia of dialysis serum and postmortally got cerebrospinal liquor underwent a medium molecule fractioning. While in the liquor of normal persons no medium molecules could be proved, these substances were found in the liquor of uraemics in a nearly serum-identical pattern with clearly reduced concentrations. First of all their provenience by a toxically injured blood liquor barrier is to be explained. In contrast to the control values only conservatively treated uraemics showed significantly increased tryptophan concentrations in the liquor. However, the tryptophan concentrations of the patients with dementia were within the normal area.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Peritoneal dialysis treatment in psoriasis vulgaris].

In 8 patients (4 males, 4 females, at the age from 23 to 64 years) with a since 2 to 32 years existing generalised psoriasis vulgaris of pure plaque type a treatment with peritoneal dialysis was performed over a period of 1-6 months with on an average 18 treatment days. A full remission of the changes did not appear in any case, only in one patient a transitory involution of the skin changes and of the arthropathy could be established. In 5 patients the picture of the disease remained uninfluenced, 2 showed a deterioration. Wether this failure of the treatment is conditioned by an inadequate, too little intensive treatment, must, in comparison to the reports of literature, be regarded as little probable. By reason of our results the treatment with peritoneal dialysis according to the scheme mentioned cannot be recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Outpatient coronary groups. 1st experiences with high-risk infarct patients after a year's model experiment].

One year's experience with patients after myocardial infarction with low physical capacity (high risk-patients) and their participation in coronary clubs. After satisfactory results have been recorded with coronary training-groups at Hamburg first results can be reported from a trial with a coronary exercising-group at the patient's community. Patients after myocardial infarction with low physical capacity (high risk-patients) have participated regularly in coronary club meetings. One year's observation with medical controls showed no hazards from special adapted exercises combined with health education. Cardiac complications did not occur. The exercise program aims on increasing coordination and flexibility; general aerobic endurance is not to be improved. Thus a better and more economical functioning of the cardiovascular system is reached; life quality is improved. Further propagation of the coronary exercising-program is recommended if the described precautions are observed. This way many coronary patients could benefit also from long-time participation in comprehensive care in coronary clubs, which were up to now excluded from coronary training groups because of high risk.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1981

Cross-linking of chromosomal non-histone proteins to DNA by UV radiation and some antitumor drugs.

Antibodies reacting specifically with HeLa cell chromatin can be elicited by immunization with dehistonized HeLa chromatin preparations. The nature of these chromatin-associated antigens was investigated by cross-linking with UV irradiation or by in vitro exposure of chromatin to 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (MNU) or 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). With the exception of 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea the described treatment of chromatin (native or dehistonized) significantly increased its immunological reactivity. Dissociation of the chromosomal proteins from DNA by concentrated salt-urea solutions essentially abolished the immunological reactivity of the residual chromatin pellets. The immunological activity was found in the supernatant protein fraction after its reconstitution with purified human placenta DNA. UV irradiation or alkylation of chromatin cross-linked the active proteins to DNA and prevented their dissociation. It is concluded that the immunologically cell-specific antigens in HeLa chromatin exist as closely associated complexes of chromosomal protein(s) with DNA.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗