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Biomedical subjects

G Stanek

Publications and source records attributed to G Stanek.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Evidence for spirochetal origin of circumscribed scleroderma (morphea).

Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) and morphea are clinically distinct skin diseases with some common features and possible coexistence. We found antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in eight of fifteen patients with morphea. Six of them had IgG antibodies and two both IgG and IgM antibodies. Four of the eight seropositive and five of the seven seronegative patients had been treated with high dose penicillin previously. Spirochetal organisms could be cultured in Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly's medium from a skin biopsy of one seropositive untreated patient. Spirochetes were recovered from histological sections in three of eight, two seropositive and one seronegative morphea and in one of three erythema chronicum migrans patients by an avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method. The similar clinical picture of ACA and morphea, the response to penicillin therapy in both entities, the presence of antispirochetal antibodies, the isolation of spirochetes in culture and the detection of spirochetal organisms on histological sections suggest a close relationship among these diseases. We conclude that morphea may represent a Borrelia infection. The correlation to ACA is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Double infection with early summer meningoencephalitis virus and Borrelia burgdorferi].

A 68-year-old woman developed a meningoencephalitis 18 days after a tick bite. IgG and IgM antibodies against tick-encephalitis virus were demonstrated, by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay, in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf). Lymphoplasmocytic pleocytosis was present in csf for over six weeks, as was an increased IgM level. Three weeks after the onset of neurological symptoms and clearing of the encephalitis there occurred multiple peripheral pareses in the left leg which were slow to regress. Retrospectively, IgM and IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi were demonstrated in deep-frozen serum and csf. Since IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi, locally synthesised in csf, could also be demonstrated, it must be assumed that the patient had a double infection. It is suggested that in confirmed cases of tick-encephalitis with an atypical course an additional infection with Borrelia should be considered, because if present the latter can be successfully treated with high doses of penicillin.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Specificity of CSF antibodies against components of Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with meningopolyneuritis Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth.

The specificity of immunoglobulin (Ig) for components of Borrelia burgdorferi was investigated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum and in CSF oligoclonal bands from nine patients with meningopolyneuritis Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth (MPN-GBB). All patients showed specific IgG and IgM antibodies in serum and CSF when incubated with a lysate of B. burgdorferi strain B 31. Specific antibody was detected in CSF but not in paired serum samples, indicating intrathecal synthesis. Investigation of the specificity of oligoclonal Ig in the CSF revealed oligoclonal bands with specificity for B. burgdorferi in one of the nine patients.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1986

Borrelia transfer by ticks during their life cycle. Studies on laboratory animals.

Ticks of the species Ixodes ricinus were cultured in the laboratory. Yellow silver rabbits, gerbils and white mice served as blood hosts. Borrelia burgdorferi could be detected by means of an IFA test in homogenates of female ticks, their eggs as well as the respective larval and nymphal ticks. Blood infection of splenectomized gerbils and ordinary white mice or of ordinary white mice alone has been demonstrated after feeding of larval or nymphal ticks on them, respectively. Spirochetemia started 5 to 8 days after feeding and lasted for ca 3 weeks. Two distinct peaks in the cell count of spirochetal organisms per ml blood plasma could be observed on days 11-13 (5 X 10(5) to 2 X 10(6) cells/ml) and 17-19 (10(5) cells/ml), regardless whether splenectomized gerbils or white mice were used. The results display that B. burgdorferi is vertically from the female ticks to their eggs and transstadially transmitted. The transmission-rate from larval to nymphal ticks is 100%. These findings show the tick itself as a main reservoir of B. burgdorferi. The established mouse-model appears to be a useful tool to detect Borrelia carrying ticks.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Anti-myelin antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with meningopolyneuritis Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth and other neurological diseases.

Anti-myelin antibodies (AMA) of IgG, IgM, and IgA class were investigated by ELISA in CSF and serum from patients with meningopolyneuritis Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth (GBB), other inflammatory diseases of the nervous system (ID) comprising meningoencephalitis (ME), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and various noninflammatory neurological diseases (NID). Anti-Borrelia antibodies (ABA) were determined by ELISA in GBB patients. In CSF, a high incidence of IgG-AMA, IgM-AMA, and IgA-AMA was found in GBB as compared with ID and NID. On average, positive AMA titers were higher in GBB than in ID and NID, IgM-AMA titers in GBB being most prominent. In serum, AMA were found in all but 2 patients investigated. On average, IgM-AMA titers were higher in GBB and MS than in other diseases; IgG-AMA titers in GBB and ME were relatively low. Antibody indices, calculated from titer values and Ig concentrations in CSF and serum, indicate intrathecal synthesis mainly of IgG- and IgA-AMA, and of IgG- and IgM-ABA. Participation of AMA in the pathogenesis of GBB may be envisaged, but needs further confirmation.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1986

[Susceptibility of the Bacteroides fragilis group to 10 antibiotics. Results of 4 laboratories in Austria].

The susceptibility of 197 strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group (109 B. fragilis, 27 B. thetaiotamicron, 23 B. vulgatus, 1 B. distasonis, 11 B. ovatus and others) to penicillin G, cefoxitin, latamoxef, piperacillin, mezlocillin, clindamycin, metronidazole, tetracycline, doxycycline and chloramphenicol was tested by an agar dilution method. 4 microbiological laboratories in Austria participated in this investigation. In all laboratories the same method was used and a joint quality control carried out. The most active substances were metronidazole and clindamycin (MIC50 1.0 and 0.5 respectively; MIC90 4 mg/l for both). Tetracycline showed only little activity, whereas doxycycline inhibited a major portion of the strains at therapeutically relevant concentrations (MIC50 16 and 2 mg/l, MIC90 32 and 16 mg/l, respectively). The MIC90 of chloramphenicol was 8 mg/l. Piperacillin and mezlocillin were about equally active (MIC50 both 16, MIC90 32 and 64 mg/l, respectively). For penicillin G, the MIC values were also favourable, the MIC90 being 32 mg/l. The possible causes for the discrepancy between the good in vitro activity and the clinical ineffectiveness of penicillin G are discussed. The cumulative MIC values (50, 90%) for cefoxitin were 8 and 32 mg/l, respectively. The MIC's of latamoxef showed a wide distribution resulting in a low MIC50 (4 mg/l) and a high MIC90 (128 mg/l). This distribution was due to the differing susceptibility of the individual species within the Bacteroides fragilis group. For B. thetaiotaomicron the highest MIC values were determined. This species as a whole was less susceptible to the beta-lactam antibiotics tested. The non beta-lactam antibiotics showed no substantial species related differences. No relevant differences between the individual laboratories were observed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

The prevalence of ureaplasma, mycoplasma and antibodies against chlamydia group antigen in gynecological outpatients.

177 women with an average age of 30 years were investigated for ureaplasma, mycoplasma and for antibodies against the chlamydia group antigen. Specimen of endocervical mucus and catheter specimens of urine were cultured and the ELISA ("enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay") technique applied. In addition the purity class (I to III) of gram-stained vaginal smears was determined. Ureaplasma were isolated from 45.8 and 26.0%, mycoplasma from 9.0 and 7.9% of cervical and urine specimens respectively. The patients were divided into 5 clinical groups. Patients in the first three groups (I-III, inflammatory disorders, bleeding anomalies, benign and malignant neoplasms of the genital tract) showed a significantly (p less than or equal to 0.05) higher colony count of ureaplasma in their urine than patients in the other two groups (IV and V, who had attended the hospital for reproductive problems or for routine examination). There was a clear correlation between the isolation rates of ureaplasma and mycoplasma and the purity classes of the vaginal smears. The rate of isolation increased progressively with class II and III smears. Antibodies against the chlamydia group antigen were detected in about 40% of all sera tested. A very high titer of antibodies reflecting a recent chlamydial infection was found in 11% of the sera tested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Borrelia burgdorferi, a possible cause of Bell's palsy?

The etiology of Bell's palsy (B.P.) is as yet unknown. In 7 out of 20 patients with B.P. we observed significantly elevated antibodies against Borrelia burgdoferi (IgM and IgG) by means of an indirect Immunofluorescence test (IIFT). Controls were 50 healthy subjects and 25 patients with various neurological disorders. All were of comparable age and sex, with similar residential backgrounds. In this group no significant titer of antibodies against B.burgdorferi were detectable.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Isolation of spirochetes from the skin of patients with erythema chronicum migrans in Austria.

Spirochetal organisms were isolated from biopsies (skin punches) of the erythematous anular skin lesion of three patients with erythema chronicum migrans. The organisms were cultivated in modified Kelly's medium and - after an incubation period of 2 weeks - discovered by dark field microscopy (X 200). Compared with the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi the organisms did not differ in shape, motility and reaction with polyclonal antiserum. Differences to B. burgdorferi were found in (i) very slow growth of the isolated organisms in modified Kelly's medium and in (ii) non reactivity with monoclonal antibodies against the outer membrane protein of B. burgdorferi. It is concluded that the Austrian isolates are closely related to but not identical with the Lyme disease agent.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Antibody response to somatic antigen of Salmonella typhi in areas endemic and non-endemic for typhoid fever.

In sera obtained between the 6th and the 30th day from 16 Austrian and 26 Hong Kong patients with culturally verified typhoid fever, agglutinating antibodies (microagglutination test) at significant titers were detected in 93% of the Austrian (median titer: 640) but in only 50% of the Hong Kong patients (median titer: 240). Similar results (93% and 54% positive sera respectively) were obtained for specific IgM as assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using lipopolysaccharide of S. typhi as antigen (median relative titer: 0.32 and 0.21 respectively). In contrast, specific IgG at significant concentrations were found in only 69% of the Austrian (median relative titer: 0.16) but 88% of the Hong Kong sera (median relative titer: 0.71). The (IgM-detecting) microagglutination test may be sufficiently diagnostic for typhoid fever in nonendemic areas such as Austria. In endemic regions like Hong Kong, however, tests indicative for early specific IgG are indispensable for serological diagnosis of the disease. The ELISA proved useful and is an example for such tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Polyneuritis cranialis associated with Borrelia burgdorferi.

Three patients with classical idiopathic polyneuritis cranialis, in whom no other aetiology could be detected, were examined serologically, by means of indirect immunofluorescence test, for antibodies (IgM and IgG) against Borrelia burgdorferi, the aetiologic agent of Lyme disease. In each case polyneuritis cranialis was caused by infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Therapy with penicillin proved to be effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Lyme disease and related disorders.

Lyme disease and related tick-borne diseases are caused by Borrelia spp. This discovery has sparked off a revival of interest in the ecology, pathology and epidemiology of these spirochaetes.

Animals↗