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Biomedical subjects

G Soula

Publications and source records attributed to G Soula.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Quantitative abnormalities of lipoprotein particles in multiple myeloma.

Serum concentrations of total cholesterol and lipoprotein cholesterol, of apolipoproteins A I and A II and of apolipoprotein A I in lipoprotein particles (Lp A I and Lp A) were determined in 43 patients with multiple myeloma. There were striking alterations in the plasma levels of these analytes relative to normal subjects. We observed a decrease of cholesterol levels in LDL, HDL and HDL3 fractions, and of apolipoproteins A I and A II compared with normal subjects. The HDL2 cholesterol was increased. The decrease of apolipoprotein A II was more prominent than apolipoprotein A I. The decrease of apolipoprotein A I concerns only the A I (Lp A), while the A I (Lp A I) was increased. Most of these modifications were correlated with the monoclonal Ig levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Distribution and tumor penetration properties of a radiosensitizer 2-[14C] misonidazole (Ro 07-0582), in mice and rats as studied by whole-body autoradiography.

The hypoxic cell radiosensitizer 2-[14C] misonidazole: 1-(2-nitro-1-imidazolyl)-3-methoxy-2-propanol (Ro 07-0582) MISO was administered to mice, control rats, and rats bearing chemically induced rhadbdomyosarcoma. The dose injected was 250 mg/kg and the delivered activity was 100 microCi/kg. Whole-body autoradiography was performed in all animals. We noted the highest uptake of radioactivity in the liver and the kidney. In the liver there was an accumulation of [14C] from 5 min to the 2 hour after treatment, followed by a decrease; this observation is probably related to the metabolic pathway of the drug. The radioactivity was also concentrated in the renal medulla (30 min after injection); this organ is the excretion route for most of the misonidazole or its metabolites. Fecal excretion is also important following biliary elimination. Radioactivity is present in the central nervous system in the first hours after dosage. [14C] Tumor activity was lowest 5 min after IP treatment. By contrast, 12 h after administration of labeled compound the highest activity was detected in this tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of i.v. and i.p. VM26 chemotherapy in mice bearing Krebs II ascitic tumors.

The pharmacokinetics and the efficacy of VM26 are studied following i.p. or i.v. administration in mice bearing Krebs II ascitic tumors. The i.p. inoculation of 30.10(6) Krebs II cells in Swiss mice leads to the formation of ascites. The effects of VM26 were dependent upon the route of administration. A 2 mg/kg i.p. single dose induces an equivalent per cent increase of median survival time than a 20 mg/kg i.v. single dose. The survival advantage of i.p. VM26 was found to be related to the pharmacologic benefit of i.p. administration. If local toxicity does not prove to be a major problem, i.p. VM26 may constitute a safe and practical mode of therapy in patients with intraabdominal tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Serum apolipoproteins A-I, A-II and B in hepatic metastases. Comparison with other liver diseases: hepatomas and cirrhosis.

Serum concentrations of lipids and apolipoprotein A-I, A-II and B were determined in patients with hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer, with primary liver cancer and with cirrhosis. In all three liver diseases, the HDL fraction and apolipoproteins A-I and A-II showed significantly low values, while apolipoprotein B was only increased in hepatic metastases. The decrease of apolipoprotein A-II levels was more prominent in cirrhosis, thereby enhancing the A-I/A-II ratio. This ratio is decreased in metastasis and normal in hepatomas. In patients with hepatic metastases a correlation was observed between alkaline phosphatase and apolipoprotein A-II (p less than 0.05), and between gamma-glutamyltransferase and the A-I/A-II ratio (p less than 0.05). The present work suggests that determination of apolipoproteins and lipids of the HDL fraction offers a new approach to the study of liver diseases.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of a new combined inactivated DPT-polio vaccine.

A new combined DPT-Poliovirus vaccine (DPTP) has been developed in France. It contains the DPT components mixed with poliovirus antigens, prepared by culture on vero cells on microcarriers, inactivated by formalin and formulated at a level of 40-8-32 D-antigen units for the type 1, 2 and 3 respectively. A clinical evaluation of this vaccine was conducted in Mali (West Africa) among 320 infants 3 to 24 months of age. The infants were randomly assigned to 3 groups. One group received 2 doses of DPTP, a second group 2 doses of DPT and poliovirus vaccine (IPV) given in two separate sites, the third group 2 doses of DPT and oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). In each group the 2 doses were given 3 months a part. No severe adverse reactions were observed and no statistical difference was noticed between the three groups for minor side effects. A seroconversion rate of 100% was observed to poliovirus antigens in the groups who received IPV simultaneously or combined with DPT, as compared to 49 to 77% in the group who received OPV. A seroconversion rate of 100%, 100% and 92% was shown in the DPTP group respectively to diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis antigens. No statistical difference was recorded between the 3 groups in the serological response to DPT antigens. A follow-up could be performed in 74 children one year after primary vaccination and a dramatic response to a booster dose of DPTP was measured.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[PROTIS, an expert system applied to the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Evaluation of its efficacy].

PROTIS is an expert system devised to help general practitioners in the treatment of diabetes. It provides weighted results in ranking order from the most indicated to the most contra-indicated treatment. The reliability of PROTIS was tested comparatively by asking the system and two diabetologists involved in its design to analyze 250 clinical cases. The therapeutic advice given by PROTIS was considered satisfactory in 91.2% of the cases and erroneous, though without vital consequences, in 4.4%. The system was unable to propose any treatment in 4.4% of the cases. Most errors or non-responses could be corrected. This evaluation showed that PROTIS faithfully reproduces the reasoning of diabetologists and could serve as an example of what an expert system could do for the general practitioner.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetics of teniposide (VM 26) after IV administration in serum and malignant ascites of patients with ovarian carcinoma.

Nine patients with ovarian carcinoma and malignant ascites treated with IV teniposide chemotherapy (30 mg/m2/30 min) entered this study. Plasma and peritoneal fluid levels were measured by an HPLC method with electrochemical detection. Plasma decay kinetics followed a triexponential function. A high variability of drug diffusion in ascites was noticed. Peak concentrations in ascites ranged from 1.6% to 20.5% of serum peak concentration. The concentration in peritoneal fluid reached a maximum level 6 h after the infusion ended. Teniposide was less slowly eliminated from ascites than from serum. The exposure of the inflammatory peritoneal fluid to the drug expressed by area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) was also subject to significant interindividual variation, ranging from 223 to 2332 micrograms/ml X min. However, the peritoneal AUC was correlated with serum AUC and with the systemic clearance of the drug. A significant relationship between gamma glutamyltranspeptidase and both systemic clearance and either the serum or the peritoneal AUC was found, suggesting that liver plays a role in drug disposition.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Automated immunoturbidimetric assay of serum apolipoprotein A-II using the Cobas-Bio centrifugal analyser: influence of hyperlipoproteinemia.

A quantitative automated immunoturbidimetric procedure for the analysis of apolipoprotein A-II (Apo A-II) in human serum is described. Dilution of antibody with a 5% solution of PEG 6000 enhanced the quantification. The within- and between-assay coefficients of variation were less than 5%. Results correlated well with those obtained by classic electroimmunodiffusion and immunonephelometry. No extraction of samples with organic solvent was necessary, whatever the triglyceride concentration. Large lipoproteins such as VLDL and immunocomplexes did not affect the method, nor was there interference from icteric or hemolyzed serum or from serum with excessive hyperlipemia. Physiological values of Apo A-II were determined in a normal population. Concentrations were found to be age-dependent, and higher in women than in men. The procedure is very suitable for the rapid, precise, reproducible and inexpensive assay of Apo A-II.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Cancer of the prostate: the markers other than prostatic acid phosphatase].

The biological diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma in relation with benign prostatic hypertrophy is essentially realized by the evaluation of plasma PAP or medullar PAP, the increase of which rises to 70% of the cases. This evaluation contains also other biochemical markers such as CK-BB, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, LDH 5 or alkaline phosphatase. The elevation of urinary polyamines is also correlated with the evolution of carcinoma. Other markers have been recently described such as PSA, useful both by evaluation in serum and by its identification on biopsy in histopathology. This exploration could be completed by the evaluation of androgenic receptors and of circulating androgens.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

[Determination of serum apolipoproteins A1 and B by immunoturbidimetry using the Cobas-Bio centrifugal analyzer. Influence of hyperlipemia].

The authors describe an immunoturbidimetric technique for the determination of the serum apolipoproteins A1 and B using a Cobas-Bio centrifugal analyser. This methods is sensitive and reproducible (CV less than 5%) and show a good correlation with electroimmunodiffusion which was taken as method of reference. It may be applied to serum stored at 4 degrees C or frozen at -20 degrees C. No light is transmitted in the case of either turbid hyperlipemic sera or sera extensively icteric or hemolyzed. The physiological values found in a large population of men and women of various ages are in agreement with those reported in the literature. The method described thus provides a suitable means of investigation adapted to large series for screening for coronary disease states.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Plasma lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis].

Serial measurements of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and of its isoenzymes have been assessed as an additional marker in a study of 44 patients with non seminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. Its interest was compared with standard markers (AFP, beta HCG) related to clinical staging, histopathologic types and extent of the disease. Although LDH measurements were most frequently increased in stage III, its frequency of elevation was however lower than specific markers one. Abnormal levels of isoenzyme 1 could increased sensitivity of that determination. Indeed, LDH 1 was increased in all 15 cases for which it was determined, while total LDH was only disturbed in 8 cases. In patients with advanced testicular cancer and elevated LDH levels, sequential measurements of this parameter reflected the response to the therapy. A poor prognosis was associated with pathological level of LDH: while 92% of patients with normal level had a survival time upper than 5 years, no patient with elevated LDH had a survival time upper than 4 years; this difference was essentially significant in advanced stages. Serial measurement of LDH was of value as prognostic indicator and when elevated, it might be utilized as a guide for response to therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Biological appraisal of liver status in adenocarcinomas.

A prospective study of the ability of laboratory tests to detect or to exclude hepatic metastases was performed. Seventy-four patients who underwent liver biopsies were divided into 3 groups: 1) 33 patients with secondary liver involvement from adenocarcinoma; 2) 21 subjects suffering from a non-malignant hepatic disease, and 3) 20 cancerous patients free of overt hepatic metastases. They were investigated with 7 laboratory tests. No single test had a positive predictive value higher than 75%. This percentage was increased to 84% by combining the results of both CEA and rapidly migrating liver alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme ALP 1. More important was the fact that when those parameters were both normal, the negative predictive value was 93%, thus tending to exclude a liver metastatic involvement with an acceptable confidence limit.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

An in vitro study of hemicholinium-3 on phospholipid metabolism of Krebs II ascites cells.

With [Me-14C]choline as marker and after separation of choline and phosphocholine by ion-exchange column chromatography or thin layer chromatography on alumina, it is shown that 40 microM hemicholinium-3 (HC-3) inhibits the cytosolic choline-kinase of rat liver and Krebs cells. This inhibition is competitive (Km different, Vm similar) in the first case and mixed in the second (Km and Vm different). Despite this general inhibition of the phosphocholine formation, the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by post-nuclear supernatants of rat liver and Krebs cells is different when tested with HC-3. It is unaffected in rat liver; however, HC-3 induces a PC deficiency in Krebs cells which is time-course dependent between 15 and 120 min and proportional to the drug concentrations in the interval 5-40 microM. Incorporation of AT-[gamma 32P] or [2-14C]ethanolamine into phospholipids shows that the sequential methylation pathway is not detectable in Krebs cells. These results are discussed in relation to those established concerning HC-3 action on phospholipid metabolism in other tissues.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

[Plasma lipoproteins and multiple myeloma. Variations of lipid constituents of HDL and apolipoproteins A1 and B].

Patients with myeloma disease showed in general very important abnormalities of circulating lipoproteins. Beside the presence of lipoprotein complexes with abnormal electrophoresis migration, we can observe either an hyperlipidemia associated with antilipoprotein auto-antibodies either, in contrary, an hypolipidemia. We studied 34 myeloma and one alpha heavy chain disease. In these subjects, all presenting clinical and biological myeloma tests but free of hepatic disease we evaluate after HDL separation their major lipid components: cholesterol and phospholipid. By electro immunodiffusion method we evaluate apolipoproteins A1 and B. We observe a decrease of Chol-HDL and PL-HDL in 51 p. cent of cases and a decrease of apo A1 in 80 p. cent of cases, this more marked in myeloma with gamma isotype. In contrary, apo B in all subjects studied remain normal. A correlation test with monoclonal immunoglobulin levels and its isotype is studied; the different parameters of monoclonal disease are discussed in relation with lipoprotein abnormalities.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗
PubMed1982

[The fuzzy set theory as a biomedical diagnostic aid (author's transl)].

In this paper, the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic is approached as a diagnostic aid for practitioners and biologists. A few theoretical considerations are followed by two practical applications. The first is a modification of the WHO-Fredrickson classification of hyperlipoproteinemias, with the introduction of secondary or minor types corresponding to everyday medical practice. The other is an attempt at classifying the four most prevalent anemias encountered in internal medicine. Recent studies have shown that the various parameters should be grouped on a hierarchical basis.

Anemia↗