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Biomedical subjects

G Seidel

Publications and source records attributed to G Seidel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Imaging of the intracranial vertebrobasilar system using color-coded ultrasound.

BACKGROUND: Anatomic variety and difficult accessibility of the vertebrobasilar arteries pose considerable problems to conventional ultrasound. We evaluated the diagnostic potential of transcranial color-coded sonography in the distal part of this system. METHODS: We insonated the intracranial section of the vertebrobasilar arteries through the foramen magnum window in 24 healthy individuals using a Doppler color flow imaging system in connection with a 2.5-MHz sector transducer. Magnetic resonance images in special inclination planes were performed and compared with the color-coded duplex images in five cases. RESULTS: The B-mode image of the craniocervical junction and the intracranial parenchymal structures in addition to the color-coded blood flow allowed an unambiguous identification of the vertebrobasilar arteries (vertebral artery, 96%; basilar artery, 79%; and posterior inferior cerebellar artery, 50%). Blood flow velocities were measured considering the insonation angles: vertebral arteries, 50/24 cm/sec (30 degrees); basilar artery, 59/28 cm/sec (4 degrees); and posterior inferior cerebellar artery, 56/30 cm/sec (20 degrees) [peak systolic/end diastolic blood flow velocity (mean angle correction)]. CONCLUSIONS: Transcranial color-coded sonography enables accurate identification and differentiation of the intracranial vertebrobasilar arteries and improves accuracy of Doppler measurements. It may prove useful for evaluation of tortuosity and for hemodynamic studies in this vascular territory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Nursing home autopsies. Survey of physician attitudes and practice patterns.

Autopsy rates remain disturbingly low in nursing homes despite the fact that 1 of 5 deaths occurs in this setting. To determine the autopsy rate for nursing homes, we analyzed all deaths occurring in New York State nursing homes from 1980 to 1984. Of 58,985 nursing home deaths, autopsies were performed in only 499 cases (0.8%). In comparison to the general nursing home population, autopsied residents were more likely to be male and never married and less likely to be widowed. Of 110 practicing nursing home physicians surveyed, 19% believed autopsies had little if any value in the nursing home population, whereas 71% saw autopsy as a valuable tool but rarely requested one. Fewer than 1 in 10 physicians routinely discussed autopsies with patients and/or families before death. Perceived obstacles included the emotional lability of patients and families and a lack of financial reimbursement. Concerns over religious objections, funeral delays, and unnecessary mutilation were cited by fewer than one third of respondents. Facilitation of consent, physician education, and cost sharing may all contribute to enhanced rates of autopsies in the future.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Endometriosis externa thoracalis].

The incidence of endometriosis is between eight and 15 percent among sexually mature women, with peaks being in the third and fourth decades of age. External thoracic endometriosis is associated with implantation of endometrial tissue into lung, pleura, bronchial system, and diaphragm. Major indicators symptoms of thoracal endometriosis include haemoptysis, thorax pain, recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, and haemorrhagic pleural effusion, with all these manifestations being temporally coordinated with menstruation. Bronchoscopy and radiography are used for diagnosis, while surgery, hormonal treatment, and radiotherapy are used for therapeutic action. One patient with systemic endometriosis is reported in greater detail in this paper.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Generalized endometriosis].

Authors report on a case of generalized endometriosis. A 29 years old patient suffered from a primary amenorrhea by reason of an aplastic uterine cervix and an incomplete vaginal aplasia. Endometriosis has been ascertainable histologically in the uterus, in the left tube, near the gall bladder and in the pleura.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Investigation of possible interaction between pinaverium bromide and digoxin.

A single-blind study was carried out in 25 patients, who were receiving maintenance therapy for congestive heart failure with digoxin, to investigate the effect on steady-state plasma digoxin levels of concomitant administration of the spasmolytic, pinaverium bromide (50 mg 3-times daily). Patients received pinaverium bromide for 12 days followed by placebo for a further 7 days. Assessment of the results in 21 patients showed no evidence of any statistically significant variations in plasma digoxin levels during either treatment period or in the clinical observations which might indicate drug interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Penetration of cefotaxime into the pancreas.

After intravenous injection of cefotaxime, higher pancreatic concentrations of the antibiotic were found in rats with experimental pancreatitis than in control animals. Also in human pancreatic pseudocysts, high and persistent concentrations of cefotaxime were found following intravenous injection. The results justify the use of cefotaxime in acute pancreatitis, whenever an antibiotic is indicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Selenium compounds and carcinogenesis].

Starting with a brief outline of the general toxic effects of selenium compounds, their biological importance for the organism as a trace element and with an analysis of the different hypotheses on the action mechanism of selenium and selenium compounds, a survey is provided in which way selenium compounds may influence malignant transformation and related processes in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, observations are viewed on the effects of selenium compounds on spontaneously developing, chemically or virally induced tumors. Based on the data available so far it cannot, at present, be assessed whether selenium and its compounds can be used in the future for chemoprevention of cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Tobramycin nephrotoxicity: failure of cefotaxime to potentiate renal toxicity.

The aim of our prospective clinical study was to determine whether the combination of tobramycin plus cefotaxime is more nephrotoxic than tobramycin alone. The studies were carried out in 30 patients with serious infections and normal renal function. Groups of ten patients each received either 2 g cefotaxime or 1 mg/kg body weight tobramycin or cefotaxime and tobramycin in the same dosage every eight hours intravenously for at least seven days. Serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) excretion in 24-hour urine were determined before, during and five days after the antibiotics had been discontinued. These were used as parameters for glomerulotubular injury. The plasma levels of tobramycin and cefotaxime (assayed by agar diffusion) did not differ when the drugs were given alone or in combination. None of the patients treated with cefotaxime alone showed any signs of renal damage. In contrast, tobramycin alone or in combination with cefotaxime caused an increase in urinary enzymes in all patients. This activity was a mean five to six times greater than the initial values prior to antibiotic therapy. There were no significant differences between the AAP increase during treatment with tobramycin and tobramycin plus cefotaxime. Four to five days after discontinuing antibiotic therapy, AAP activity decreased to values similar to those measured prior to therapy. In some of the patients receiving tobramycin alone or in combination with cefotaxime, increased creatinine levels, a reduction in creatinine clearance to 60 ml/min and an increase in renal enzyme excretion could be observed. Thus, treatment with high doses of cefotaxime does not seem to increase tobramycin nephrotoxicity in patients with normal renal function. The nephrotoxicity of this drug combination is obviously due to the aminoglycoside.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Cefotaxime in human lung tissue.

In the course of thoracic surgery in 79 patients lung tissue samples were taken up to around 2 and 4 h, respectively, after i.v. injection of 1 (n = 22) or 2 g cefotaxime (n = 57). In these samples cefotaxime levels were measured using a microbiological method. About 1 h after injection 1.6 and 5.1 microgram/g (median values), respectively, were found. Even later after injection cefotaxime could still be detected. These results are evaluated with respect to the problem encountered in the biological measurement of concentrations of ester cephalosporins in tissue due to desacetylation by hemolytic samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Radical pelvic surgery versus radical surgery plus radiotherapy for stage Ib carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Preliminary results of a prospective randomized clinical study.

In a preliminary report of a prospective controlled study treatment results and therapy morbidity of 60 patients with stage pT1bNoMo carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated by radical surgery only (Wertheim-Meigs) were compared with those of 60 patients treated by radical surgery followed by a postoperative external radiotherapy. The median duration of follow-up was 44 (24--72) months. Comparing the survival probability analyzed by life-table-method up to 18 months there was a significant better result for patients treated with surgery only. However, after that the study demonstrated comparable therapeutic results with the two therapeutic regimens. There was no difference of tumor size in patients who died after surgery alone and those who died after combined therapy. The therapy morbidity was slightly greater in patients treated by combined therapy. Especially lymphedemas of the leg developed more frequent in patients treated with combined surgery and radiotherapy. Preliminary analysis of the study does not demonstrate any beneficial effect of postoperative radiotherapy followed a radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphonodectomy in cervical cancer stage pT1bNoMo, but optimal staging, radical surgery and carefully histological examination of the removed tissue are essential needs for this approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Renal tolerance of combined treatment with cefotaxime and gentamicin (author's transl)].

Treatment of 20 patients with 2 g cefotaxime intravenously and 80 mg gentamicin intramuscularly b.i.d. for various reasons before antibiograms were available showed no recognizable influence on renal function after one week. Patients were without renal disease and of both sexes on groups from 19-23, 36-59 and 63-69 years of age. No damage to the kidneys was evident when creatinine clearance, serum creatinine and urea concentrations and the usual urinalysis were considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Comparative determination of cefotaxime and desacetyl cefotaxime in serum and bile by bioassay and high-performance liquid chromatography.

In rat serum as well as in human serum and bile after injection of cefotaxime (CTX), the parent compound and the active metabolite desacetyl cefotaxime (dCTX) have been demonstrated by quantitative analysis with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Simultaneous determination of CTX by bioassay using test organisms sensitive to both CTX and dCTX resulted in spuriously high concentration readings of CTX. Using dCTX insensitive test organisms concentrations of cefotaxime obtained by agar diffusion test and by assay with HPLC were highly correlated. In human serum and bile after i.v. injection of 2 g CTX, as may be administered therapeutically, high concentrations of dCTX were observed. dCTX has a longer elimination half-life than the parent molecule. It is concluded that the measurement of CTX in biological fluids should be performed by HPLC or by bioassay with a selective test organism in order to obtain correct pharmacokinetic parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Demonstration of a syncarcinogenic effect of endogenous MuLV, rescued from MNU-induced leukemias, and suboptimal MNU doses in mice.

It was demonstrated that the combined action of activated endogenous MuLV isolated from MNU-induced leukemias and suboptimal doses of MNU yields a significantly high incidence of leukemias and tumors. Treatment with one agent alone shows low effects only. The findings were discussed in view of the mechanisms in which viruses and chemical carcinogens interact in a syncarcinogenic processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Studies of the target cell problem in N-nitroso-N-methylurea induced leukemogenesis].

After i.p. application of 14C-nitrosomethylurea (NMU), mice were killed at different periods and the 14C-activity in various organs was determined by scintillation counting and by autoradiography. Contrary to expectations, bone marrow showed a significantly higher activity than the thymus, which is the supposed target-organ for the lymphatic leukemogenesis. The specificity was secured by examinations of the proliferation kinetics. The radioautographic results of bone marrow favorize the lymphatic cells as the target for NMU. The target-cell problem is discussed in respect to thymectomy examinations and recent results on nude mice. With high probability the thymus is not essential for lymphatic leukemogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of coumarin on the livers of DBA/2J and CH3/HeJ mice].

32 weeks chronic feeding of DBA/2J- as well as CH3/HeJ-mice with 0.5 and 1.0% coumarin, respectively, in the diet, caused minimal increases of glutamate-oxalatetransaminase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and sorbitdehydrogenase activities in the serum only, when approximately 2 g coumarin/kg daily were administered. Neither macroscopic nor microscopic examination of liver tissue revealed any pathological alterations caused by coumarin. Correspondingly the animals were unaffected in their behaviour and growth during the coumarin loading.

Alanine Transaminase↗