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Biomedical subjects

G Schott

Publications and source records attributed to G Schott.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Intraoperative cortical PO2 measurement in kidney transplantation. the effect of the calcium antagonist diltiazem].

A local measurement of the partial pressure of oxygen in the renal cortex was performed during renal transplantation in 40 patients aged between 10 and 62 years. During the measurement, 20 of the patients received the calcium channel blocker diltiazem. Accurate knowledge of the renal microcirculation in the postischemic phase became possible when PO2 tissue polarography was performed. Moreover, measurement in four live donors before removal of the kidneys allowed an exact comparison between the postischemic microcirulation and the native in situ perfusion. A good postischemic baseline histogram (similar to the situation in a live donor) or quick stabilization of the histogram during the course was found to correlate with a prompt initial renal function. Intra-arterial administration of diltiazem led to an insignificant improvement of the primary function rate. In the case of kidneys with longer cold ischemic periods and initially indifferent baseline histograms there was an especially pronounced benefit of diltiazem administration. Not only macroscopic examination, but also polarographic measurements revealed an improvement in the renal microcirculation throughout, with higher mean values for PO2 and homogeneity of all PO2 values measured after administration of diltiazem. In keeping with this, in such cases the incidence of primary renal function was distinctly higher. In cases with improved cortical circulation the a-v oxygen difference was less pronounced, so that evaluation of the avDO2 determinations suggests distinct perfusion improvement following diltiazem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Immunophenotyping of acute lymphatic leukemia: diagnostic aspects and clinical relevance].

During the past two decades immunophenotyping has yielded significant new information regarding the biological heterogeneity of ALL and has provided a solid basis for a biologically oriented and reliable classification of this disease. At present, lineage commitment of acute leukaemias can be achieved in more than 98% of cases by applying a standardized panel of mAbs to pan-B-cell (CD19, cyCD22), pan-T-cell (cyCD3, CD7) and pan-myeloid antigens (CD13, CD33, MPO) that are expressed either on the surface or in the cytoplasm of the earliest progenitors of the respective cell lineage. Further subclassification of ALL based on the analysis of antigens more closely associated with different maturational stages of B- and T-cell lineage has proven useful for the identification of biologically and clinically distinct entities in both B-cell precursor and T-lineage ALL. Immunophenotyping in about 2800 patients recruited for the German multicentre trials has shown that children and adults differ markedly in frequency distribution of immunological subgroups, with a higher adult incidence of immature B-cell precursor (i.e., pre-pre-B ALL) and T-lineage ALL immunophenotypes (i.e., pre-T ALL). Detailed immunological analyses using a broad panel of mAbs have recently documented typical ALL cases inappropriately expressing myeloid antigens (My+ ALL) as well as morphologically/cytochemically defined acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with lymphoid-associated markers (Ly+ AML). Based on our own results and a critical review of published data, leukaemic blasts in 5-20% of ALL patients disclose My+ ALL, whereas a coexpression, mostly of T-cell-associated antigens, can be identified in 10-25% of AML cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical significance and histological classification of atrophy/hypertrophy complexes of the liver].

Biliary, portal, biliary/portal and hepatovenous obstruction have been recognized as the etiological factors leading to the atrophy/hypertrophy complex (AHC) of the liver. From 1987 to 1990 30 patients were evaluated in our department with documented significant AHC of the liver. The evaluation of these patients was performed at an interdisciplinary meeting of surgeons, gastroenterologists, radiologists and hepatologists. All patients were studied in regard to clinical, radiological and gastroenterological investigations, intraoperative findings and histology. We present the diagnostic pathway, which included ultrasound in 29 patients as the first diagnostic step and 26 patients in whom computed tomography was added. In 21 patients hepato-iodide scintigraphy was performed, in 14 patients ERCP and angiography, and in 8 patients PTC. Etiologically we found in 12 patients a post-cholecystectomy stricture (PCS) in 12 patients, a tumour obstruction in 9 patients, different etiologies (Echinococcus, Budd-Chiari syndrome, primary biliary cirrhosis [PBC], Mirizzi-syndrome) in 9 patients and an unclear etiology in 4 patients. On the basis of our study we present a new histological classification of the AHC. Severe histological changes were prognostically worse, even in benign diseases. Therapy planning is always dependent on a very precise diagnostic pathway and early recognition of AHC is essential for the planning of therapy and for the prognosis of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes of nurses and physicians handling antineoplastic drugs.

The frequencies of structural chromosome aberrations of persons occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs without adequate protection were measured in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 106 persons from five oncological units and in an adequate control population. The observed chromosomal aberration frequencies were 3.3 +/- 0.1 aberrations per 100 cells in the exposed group and 0.6 +/- 0.1 aberrations per 100 cells in the controls. Chromosomal aberration frequencies were not correlated with age, duration of exposure and smoking habits. The results stress the necessity to protect hospital staff against the potential risk related to the handling of antineoplastic drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The significance of tumor diameter in renal cell carcinoma].

The data of 740 patients who were operated on for renal cell carcinoma between 1975 and 1986 have been evaluated. We studied the relation between tumour size and other factors influencing the prognosis, such as tumour stage, infiltration of renal veins and incidence of metastases at the time of nephrectomy, and between tumour grading and postoperative survival. Sixty-six patients with small tumours were divided in groups according to tumour size: less than 20 mm, less than 25 mm, less than 30 mm, less than 40 mm. All 740 patients were separated into groups according to tumour size: less than 4 cm, 4-6 cm, 6-8 cm, 8-10 cm and greater than 10 cm. Stage pT1 carcinomas (less than 25 mm) occurred in 1.4% of patients and tumours exceeding 10 cm in size in 30%. The prognosis with regard to survival becomes worse the greater the diameter of the tumour: the incidence of renal vein involvement, metastases and higher grades of malignancy increases. Postoperative survival decreases in relation to the increase in tumour size. Carcinomas less than 30 mm in diameter were found to have distant metastases in only 1 case, while invasion of renal veins occurred in 2 cases. In tumours up to 3 cm in diameter, a kidney-preserving tumour resection seems possible without limiting the radicalness of the surgery.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1991

What are the benefits of extended dissection of the regional renal lymph nodes in the therapy of renal cell carcinoma.

In a prospective study of 511 patients we compared the data of 320 who underwent systematically extended dissection of the regional lymph nodes with data of 191 who underwent only facultative dissection of the lymph nodes, which means that no lymph nodes had been removed or only a few were taken for staging purposes. Only patients without distant metastases and who were less than 72 years old were included. All patients were treated with a transabdominal approach. The incidence of positive nodes in the patients with systematically extended lymphadenectomy was 17.5% and for patients with facultative lymphadenectomy it was 10%. Survival rates of patients with facultative lymphadenectomy were 58% after 5 years and 40.9% after 10 years, compared to 66% and 56.1%, respectively, for patients with systematically extended lymphadenectomy (p less than 0.01). Patients with stage pT1-2 (Robson stage I) and pT3aN0M0 (Robson stage II) tumor obviously had the highest benefits with extended lymphadenectomy. Operative mortality was less than 1% after systematically extended lymphadenectomy and 3.8% after facultative lymphadenectomy. We conclude from our data that the systematic and extended lymphadenectomy improves the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma without any additional operative risks.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1991

[Systolic time intervals and echocardiography in monitoring adriamycin-treated tumor patients].

By means of systolic time intervals (PEP/LVET) and echocardiography (Vfr) 218 tumour patients were controlled concerning a cardiomyopathy induced by cytostatic agents. 13% of the patients (28/218) transgressed an absolute cumulative dose of 1,000 mg of doxorubicin or daunorubicin, of which, however, 12% (26/218) showed normal values for PEP/LVET. 11% of the patients (24/218) showed pathologic PEP/LVET values in 6% (49/787) of the investigations, in which case in 15 patients the clinical diagnosis of a cardiomyopathy could be assumed with simultaneously decreased shortening fraction. The sex and age distribution of this group corresponded to that one of the total cohort. The investigation presented confirm the value of systolic time intervals and of echocardiography as screening methods for a cardiomyopathy and speak against a general establishment of a borderline diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Terminal renal failure of pediatric urologic origin according to cause and inverted morphometry].

An age-specific renal reaction becomes evident on comparison of pediatric and adult urology. Reduction of the renal parenchyma by 80% of its bilateral substance because of renal disease can be survived by an adult for some decades with normal blood urea and creatinine, providing the residual parenchyma is histologically normal. Loss of the same proportion of the parenchyma in infancy leads to end-stage renal failure in spite of the better compensatory hypertrophy of the residual renal tissue. This is because the limit of 20% residual substance is only true for a fully developed adult body. While the body is still in the biological growth phase in the second decade of life, a markedly reduced kidney that is no longer growing with the rest of the body is incapable providing the enhancement of renal function needed at this time. The histological implication is glomerulo-sclerotic changes--possibly as a result of hyperfiltration--and the clinical implications, renal failure requiring dialysis or transplantation, the only alternative being a fatal outcome. In a few cases reduced renal work can be compensated function for some years. In all, 46 cases of end-stage renal disease and 13 of chronic retention are detailed according to primary diagnosis.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Methods and prognosis of the extirpation of pulmonary metastases following tumor nephrectomy.

Nephrectomy was performed in 938 patients with renal carcinoma between the years 1960 and 1986. The cumulative survival rate was 78.7 +/- 2.7% after 1 year; 62.9 +/- 3.2% after 3 years; 52.4 +/- 3.5% after 5 years, and 38.0 +/- 4.1% after 10 years. Of this group, 39 patients with lung metastases underwent surgery of their metastases following radical surgical removal of their primary tumor. Using the so-called actuarial method of analysis, the cumulative survival rate of this group was 66.7 +/- 15.1% 1 year after the lung surgery; 47.6 +/- 16.3% after 3 years and 32.7 +/- 15.7% after 5 years. The survival rates were correlated with the number of metastases, the operative techniques employed, and with the time interval between primary tumor removal and the appearance of secondary lung metastases. A comparison was made between those patients who underwent curative lung surgery (R0 group) and those with residual tumor (R+ group). Follow-up of the tumor status at the end of the study of the 39 patients is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Factor XI deficiency--a rare coagulopathy in the GDR].

The authors report on a kin affected with PTA deficiency. The person with homozygous features and a factor XI content below 1% is solely characterized by prolongations of ART and PTT, which were clinically correlated as severe secondary hemorrhages after injuries and surgical treatments. Three heterozygous persons had normal results in global and group tests at 40-50% of factor XI with objectively unambiguous bleeding episodes being absent. As a peculiarity of the recessive heredity of this kin the marriage of two descendants in the fourth generation deserves to be mentioned.

Adult↗