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G Sakamoto

Publications and source records attributed to G Sakamoto.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Evaluation of dot-immunobinding assay for carcinoembryonic antigen determination in nipple discharge as an adjunct in the diagnosis of early breast cancer. Research Group for Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Nipple Discharge.

We have previously reported carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) measurement in nipple discharge to be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of non-palpable breast cancer. As an extension, a dot-immunobinding assay was developed to screen a large number of patients with nipple discharge for non-palpable breast cancer. The principle is as follows. CEA bound to a solid phase monoclonal anti-CEA antibody is detected by a second monoclonal anti-CEA antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. The use of tetramethylbenzidine as a chromogen results in a stable color reaction that can be semiquantitively analyzed by the naked eye. The CEA levels determined by this dot assay correlated well with CEA levels determined using the former Elmotec assay. To determine whether or not the method could also be feasible in the detection of non-palpable breast cancer, a collaborative study from 12 Japanese institutes was organized. The CEA levels in nipple discharges from 155 patients were assayed. Thirteen of 30 patients with palpable breast cancer and 22 of 30 patients with non-palpable breast cancer exhibited CEA values higher than 400 ng/ml, a cut-off value determined using 89 benign controls. The specificity (91%) and sensitivity (73%) of this test were higher than those of mammography or cytology. The incidence of elevated CEA levels in nipple discharge correlated significantly with the incidence of intratumoral antigen expression. Thus, the system could prove useful in screening for early breast cancer.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1988

Mucinous carcinoma of the breast in Japan. A prognostic analysis based on morphologic features.

In 175 women with mucinous carcinoma (MC) of the breast, the morphologic features, the clinicopathological features (age, tumor size, and nodal status) and prognoses were investigated. They were divided into two types, those with "unmixed type" (n = 140) showing no component of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and "mixed type" (n = 35) including an IDC component. The unmixed type showed less frequent (P less than 0.01) nodal involvement and a higher degree (P less than 0.005) of extracellular mucus production than the mixed type. The presence of nodal metastases showed no correlation with the degree of mucus production. The 10-year survival rate of the unmixed type (90.4%) was better (P less than 0.001) than in the mixed type (66.0%). In the unmixed type, a higher level of mucus production showed trends toward a better prognosis, younger age and smaller tumor size (P less than 0.01). In the mixed type, the degree of mucus production showed no significant correlation with either the age, tumor size, or prognosis. It is more important for the prognosis of patients with MC to have no IDC component than to show abundant mucus within the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1988

[Early invasive mucinous carcinoma of the breast].

Cases of early invasive mucinous carcinoma of the breast have been reviewed. Microscopically, a typical lesion exhibits leakage of cancerous mucus into the stromal tissue from an intraductal carcinomatous component which were shown to be mucus-producing and to be lower papillary projection. Among 5,360 primary breast cancers that had been mastectomized at the C.I.H., 11 or 0.21% were determined as being "early" cases. All of these cases exhibited "pure type" mucinous carcinomas which were found to be highly mucus. The average age of these patients was 41 years (range: 34-51 yrs.), and no cases showed a nodal involvement. During an average follow-up of 8 years, no recurrent case were found. Thus, we have found that these "early" cases revealed an early invasion of a mucinous carcinoma that is highly mucus-producing but without an invasive ductal carcinomatous pattern.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1988

[Pathological differential diagnosis of early breast cancer].

Early cancer of the breast includes those categories of the so-called early breast cancer (TNM Stage I), minimal breast cancer, noninvasive breast cancer and T0 breast cancer. In the breast, it seems extremely rare that the lesion is genuine border-line of malignancy. A papillary or lobular lesion is usually worrisome in differential diagnosis, either benign or malignant. Sclerosing adenosis is most likely to be overdiagnosed as malignant. Tubular carcinoma, low papillary carcinoma and clinging carcinoma are most likely to be underdiagnosed as benign. To avoid overdiagnosis and/or underdiagnosis of malignancy, it is essential to learn exactly every histologic feature of various lesions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Establishment of monoclonal antibodies reactive with epithelial and myoepithelial cells in the breast.

Monoclonal antibodies which are considered to be able to differentiate epithelial and myoepithelial cells in the breast have been developed. Human mammary carcinoma cell line (HBC-4W) was used for immunization. Monoclonal antibodies-B4B2F10 (epi-1), E9E8B7 (myo-1)-with IgM was examined using tissues from diseased breast by avidin-biotin-peroxidase assay. Epi-1 antibody reacted with epithelial cells while myo-1 antibody reacted with myoepithelial cells in the mammary glands, respectively. The reaction was markedly visible, in particular, in fibroadenoma, mastopathy, and papilloma, which showed clear two-cell-type structures. In the infiltrating ductal carcinoma, epi-1 antibody reacted with carcinoma cells, while myo-1 antibody reacted with stromal cells rather than carcinoma cells suggesting that infiltrating ductal carcinoma was mainly of epithelial origin. In the infiltrating lobular carcinoma, however, myo-1 as well as epi-1 antibodies reacted with carcinoma cells. It is suggested that infiltrating lobular carcinoma was of a mixture of epithelial and myoepithelial cell origin.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1986

[Epidemiological survey on the relationship between obesity and endometrial cancer].

Endometrial carcinoma is found more frequently in obese subjects. In this study, we evaluated the comparative risks of endometrial cancer relative to obesity indices calculated using the Brocas coefficient. From 1979 to 1983, we treated 185 patients with endometrial cancer at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. Compared to nonobese subjects, those who exhibited an obesity index of 1.2 or more were found to have a relative risk value of 2.0 or more times that of normal subjects across all age groups. Based on these findings, it is suggested that a practical and effective preventive measure against endometrial cancer is to avoid becoming obese.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The association of obesity with case distribution and prognosis of breast cancer].

We analyzed the association of obesity with case distribution and prognosis of breast cancer. We obtained the following results by using 1,587 breast cancer cases mastectomized between 1965 and 1974 at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. 1) Non-invasive ductal carcinoma was prominent in non-obese patients. 2) The ratio of obese group was increasing as the patients became older. 3) Obese patients had bigger size of tumor and more advanced lymph node metastasis than non-obese patients. 4) In premenopausal patients but not in postmenopausal ones, obese group showed poorer 5-year survival rate than non-obese group (p less than 0.01), and it was true even after equalizing the tumor size and lymph node metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The accuracy of frozen sections in the diagnoses of breast lesions].

To evaluate the accuracy in diagnosing breast lesions by frozen sections, 657 consecutive diagnostic biopsies seen during 1982 were reviewed. Of 559 lesions considered benign at frozen sections, 558 were also benign in paraffin sections, the remaining one being a papillary carcinoma (i.e. 1/559 or 0.2% false negative). All 78 cases diagnosed as malignant in frozen sections were also malignant in paraffin sections (i.e. 0% false positive). Of the 20 doubtful cases, in frozen sections, 15 showed a papillary lesions; 7 of them were malignant in paraffin sections and the rest 13 benign. It is concluded that the frozen sections are usefull in the diagnoses of mammary disorders except for those cases with papillary tumors.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1985

[Histological classification of breast cancer].

The characteristics of histological classification of breast cancer by Stewart F.W., WHO and Japan Mammary Cancer Society (published in 1971 and revised in 1984) are discussed. The classification of JMCS is fundamentally the same as WHO classification with a subclassification of invasive ductal carcinoma. Invasive ductal carcinoma has three subgroups; papillotubular, solid-tubular and scirrhous carcinoma. In these three subgroups, papillotubular carcinoma shows mainly ductal spread, well histologic differentiation, the lowest lymph node metastasis and the best prognosis. Scirrhous carcinoma shows diffuse stromal infiltration, poor histologic differentiation, the highest metastasis and the worst prognosis. Solid-tubular carcinoma with expansive stromal invasion shows intermediate biological behavior. Thus, the JMCS classification contains in itself not only histologic type but also the mode of spread, grade of histologic differentiation, ratio of lymph node metastasis and prognosis.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[A clinicopathological study of 160 cases of mucinous carcinoma of the breast].

A clinicopathological study was performed on characteristics of mammary mucinous carcinoma and its 3 pathological subgroups: "gelatinous type"--with predominant mucin component, "epithelial type"--with predominant epithelial component, and "combined type"--with a small part of infiltrating ductal carcinoma and mucinous pattern. Among 4,653 primary breast cancers mastectomized at the C.I.H. between 1946 and 1981, 160 or 3.4% was mucinous carcinoma. They were divided into 106 gelatinous type, 20 epithelial type and 34 combined type. 10-year survival rate of mucinous carcinoma (75.3%) was better than whole breast cancer (65.6%). And it was 90.7%, 82.4% and 67.6% in gelatinous, epithelial and combined type, respectively.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1985

The influence of family history of cancer, irradiation and anticancer medication (mitomycin C), on the occurrence of multiple primary neoplasms with breast cancer--statistical analysis by the person-year method.

The influence of family history of cancer, radiation therapy and anticancer drug therapy (mitomycin C) on the occurrence of multiple primary neoplasms, following treatment of a first primary cancer of the breast, was analyzed by the person-year method in 1,359 patients, in Japan. During 14,371.8 person-years of observation, 111 multiple primary neoplasms including bilateral breast cancers were found in 109 patients. The incidence rate of multiple primary neoplasms were 0.00772 per person-year. The incidence in patients with a family history of cancer was 1.29 times greater than that in patients without such a family history, and the incidence in patients with a family history of breast cancer was about three times greater than that in those without it (p less than 0.01). Radiation therapy raised the occurrence of subsequent primary neoplasms 1.28-fold (or 1.62 fold after 5 years), and mitomycin C (a total dose of 0.8 mg/kg) therapy caused no increase in the occurrence of subsequent primary cancers, after an observation of 10 years or so.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case report of tubular adenoma of the breast].

Pure adenoma of the breast was seen in a 34-year-old Japanese woman. On examination, there was a firm, movable, nontender mass, 2.0 cm in diameter, in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. The xeromammographic and macroscopical diagnosis was fibroadenoma. Histological examination, however, identified pure tubular adenoma of the breast. This was reported herein because of its extreme rarity.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1985

[Mastopathy associated with early breast cancer].

Using 436 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma less than 2.0 cm in diameter mastectomized at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, during 9 years from 1965 to 1973, association of mastopathy with breast cancer were analysed. Out of 436 cases, 128 (29.4%) were associated with mastopathy, and the association of mastopathy varied according to histologic type of breast cancer. The highest incidence was observed in carcinoma of papillotubular prototype and the lowest in carcinoma of medullary tubular prototype. Pure scirrhous carcinoma came between them. No correlationship was recognized between the grade of scirrhous stromal infiltration and incidence of mastopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Histologic review of breast cancer cases in survivors of atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.

A panel of Japanese and American pathologists reviewed existing histologic material used to study breast cancer risk among the A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, a population in which incidence studies have found a strong relationship between breast cancer risk and radiation dose. The primary charge to the panel was to define a body of confirmed cases in the Life Span Study sample of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation that would require little or no review for inclusion in future studies of breast cancer incidence. Broad agreement on histologic type was reached for 298 of 300 confirmed cases. The distribution of histologic types was, overall, similar to that seen in other studies of breast cancer in Japanese women, and did not appear to depend on dose; thus radiation-induced breast cancer appeared to be no different histologically from other breast cancer. Also, no evidence was found of variation in histologic type by city, age at exposure, age at diagnosis, or calendar time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Influence of family history, irradiation and anti-cancer drug (mitomycin C) on the occurrence of multiple primary neoplasms in breast carcinoma patients].

The influence of family history, irradiation and anti-cancer drug (Mitomycin C) on the occurrence of multiple primary neoplasms was analysed using the person-year method in 1359 Japanese breast carcinoma patients. There were 111 multiple primary neoplasms, including bilateral breast cancer, in 109 patients; the incidence rate was 0.0072 per person-year. The incidence rate in patients with a family history of cancer was 1.29 times higher than in those without. In the bilateral breast cancer group there was about a 3 times higher frequency of family history of breast cancer. Irradiation therapy raised the occurrence of multiple primary neoplasms 1.28 fold, and Mitomycin C (40 mg) had no effect on the occurrence of neoplasms during a 10-year observation period.

Adult↗