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Biomedical subjects

G Rizzoni

Publications and source records attributed to G Rizzoni.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Case control study on dialysis arthropathy: the influence of two different dialysis membranes: data from the EDTA Registry.

In a retrospective case control study the prevalence of signs and symptoms of dialysis osteoarthropathy was analysed. Cases and controls had received over 9 years of maintenance haemodialysis uninterrupted by peritoneal dialysis or transplantation. The cases comprised 55 patients treated predominantly with polyacrylonitrile (AN69) dialysers. They were compared to a matched group dialysed exclusively with cellulosic membranes. Over 60% of all patients, cases and controls, showed one or more signs of disabling osteoarthropathy, with joint pains occurring more frequently in the older age groups. Twenty-seven of the 55 cases who had received less than 2 years of cellulosic membrane dialysis followed by 7-12 years of AN69 dialysis tended to have a lower prevalence of joint pains, carpal-tunnel syndrome and bone cysts. However, no statistically significant differences were obtained compared to the matched control group dialysed exclusively on cellulosic membranes (mostly cuprophane). The remaining 28 cases, who had been treated for more than 2 years with cellulosic membranes preceding the longer treatment period with polyacrylonitrile dialysers, showed a prevalence similar to that of their cellulosic controls. This study thus shows little, if any, influence of the two types of membranes on the prevalence of signs and symptoms of beta 2-microglobulin amyloidosis.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1989

EDTA Registry centre survey, 1986. Report from the European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry.

This paper summarises the information given on the 1986 EDTA Registry centre questionnaire which was returned by 82% of the 2,065 known dialysis and transplant centres in 33 European countries. Information is given on the number of patients alive on haemodialysis according to the type of dialysis facilities available where the patient was receiving dialysis and the number of patients receiving special types of dialysis. The centre questionnaire also included questions on testing for HIV infection, serological evidence or symptoms of AIDS and the diagnosis of hepatitis B in patients and staff. The data given in response to these questions are presented together with data on the involvement of dietitians and social workers in the treatment of patients with end stage renal failure. Finally, information on transplant activity in Europe and the treatment policies of transplanting centres is provided.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1988

Plasma infusion for hemolytic-uremic syndrome in children: results of a multicenter controlled trial.

The results of a controlled trial to ascertain the usefulness of plasma infusion for the treatment of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) are reported. Criteria for admission were (1) observation within 8 days from first symptoms, (2) dialysis treatment required, and (3) no special treatments and no more than 25 ml blood/kg previously received. Children were subdivided according to age (less than or more than 3 years) and then randomly assigned to treatment with plasma or symptomatic therapy. Thirty-two children ranging in age from 4 months to 6 years entered this study; 17 received plasma (P+ group) and 15 only symptomatic therapy (P- group). The mean follow-up period was 16 months in both groups. Surgical renal biopsy was performed 29 to 49 days after onset in 11 P+ and 11 P- children, and 33 histologic findings were semiquantitatively evaluated. No death occurred in either group. No differences were found in blood pressure, proteinuria, or hematuria at the end of the follow-up period; in no case were severe arteriolar lesions found. There were no significant differences for the scores of the individual histologic measurements; on electron microscopy, no vascular changes were observed in seven children of the P+ group, whereas in five of seven of the P- group, thickening of the lamina rara interna and arteriolar damage were present. The ability of plasma to stimulate prostacyclin (PGI2) production, measured as its stable derivative 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, was within the normal range for all patients. In our patients with predominant glomerular involvement who were treated in a very early phase of HUS, infusions of plasma did not significantly influence the short- and medium-term clinical outcome and were not effective in severe HUS when given later in the course of the disease. A longer follow-up is needed to ascertain whether the presence of endothelial damage, demonstrated by electron microscopy in children who were not given plasma, is of clinical relevance.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

Bilateral single ectopic ureter.

A case of successfully treated bilateral single ectopic ureter with a follow-up of 13 years is reported. The genesis of the incompetence of the vesical sphincter and its treatment are discussed.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1988

Survival on renal replacement therapy: data from the EDTA Registry.

Extensive survival data are presented from the EDTA Registry's files for patients who started renal replacement therapy in 1970-1974 compared to 1980-1984. The contribution of the different treatment modalities (haemodialysis, continuous peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation) to the survival of patients according to geographical region is also shown. Survival on renal replacement therapy, irrespective of treatment modality and of primary renal disease, was best in the 10-14-year-old patients, with 58% at 10 years and 52% at 15 years, and decreased with rising age to 28% at 10 years and 16% at 15 years in patients aged 45-54 when they commenced therapy in 1970-1974. When comparing the 0-4-year-old with the 10-14-year-old cohort of the paediatric patients, 5-year survival rates for patients starting renal replacement therapy in the early eighties declined from 85% to 70% with decreasing age. Treatment policy, as reflected by the proportion of patients on different modes of therapy, varied markedly between European regions but affected survival to a small extent only. The large population with diabetic nephropathy incurred annual mortality rates 2-3 times greater than those observed in patients with 'standard' primary renal diseases. Haemodialysis and continuous peritoneal dialysis, although not comparable because of important differences in selection policy, yielded similar survival rates. Patients and graft survival rates have improved markedly when comparing patients starting renal replacement therapy in the early seventies with the eighties; particularly for cadaveric transplantation. Patient survival after second grafting was similar to that after first grafting, with 83% at 5 years after second cadaveric grafting in the 15-44-year-old cohort, vs 85% after first cadaver transplantation in 1980-1984. Second cadaveric graft survival was superior to average first-graft survival for those recipients whose first graft had been functioning for more than 1 year. However, second-graft survival in rapid rejectors of a first graft as well as third cadaveric graft survival were curtailed by the large number of early losses, with only 52% of third grafts functioning at 1 year. For living related donor transplantation, parents were mostly used in children whilst identical siblings predominated in adults older than 45. In the early eighties, patient survival was 92% at 5 years for recipients younger than 15, 87% for the 15-45 year old cohort and 72% for those aged 45 or older.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Long-term monitoring of renal transplant patients by a CUSUM test on serum creatinine.

A retrospective clinical assessment of kidney function change was performed on 38 kidney transplant patients over a median follow-up period of 128 weeks. Full records of the patients' course were available to the clinician, while only the serum creatinine series of each patient was supplied to the computer on which a bilateral CUSUM test was implemented. The frequency of change assessed by the clinician was 146 out of 2,688 patient-weeks. The computer identified the function changes with 84.9% sensitivity and 94.3% specificity and the function deteriorations attributed to rejection with 88.9% sensitivity and 97.2% specificity. Thus we suggest an efficient long-term monitoring of the graft function with this simple and reliable statistical technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Arachidonic acid metabolites in a nephroblastoma associated with paraneoplastic hypercalcemia.

Blood concentration of PGE2, F2a, 6 keto PGF1a (6kF1a), TxB2 and 13, 14 dehydro 15 keto PGE2 (13, 14 OH 15 k E2) were measured in renal artery and vein of a patient with a PGs producing nephroblastoma. The tumor tissue produced PGs in the following order: PGF2a greater than PGE2 greater than TxB2 greater than 6kF1a greater than 13, 14 OH 15 k E2. However, renal artery concentration of the substances were as follows: 13, 14 OH 15 k E2 greater than TxB2 greater than 6kF1a greater than PGF2a greater than PGE2. Since arterial concentration is critical to postulating a calcium mobilizing effect on bone tissue, PGE2 arterial level seems to be too low to exert a pathogenetic role on hypercalcemia, at least in the patient reported here.

Arachidonic Acids↗
PubMed1986

Congenital mesoblastic nephroma with hypercalcemia. Pathogenetic role of prostaglandins.

A case of mesoblastic nephroma, hypercalcemia, and raised levels of prostaglandins in a 2-month-old female infant is reported. Plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) was normal and urinary prostaglandins were raised. During surgery a prostaglandin arteriovenous gradient was demonstrated. A large quantity of PGE was extracted from the tumor by radioimmunoassay after incubation. Both blood calcium and urinary prostaglandins returned to normal after nephrectomy. These results show that this tumor produced prostaglandins, the mediators of hypercalcemia in this patient.

Calcium↗
PubMed1985

Upper urinary tract obstruction in children caused by Candida fungus balls.

2 children with upper urinary tract obstruction from Candida fungus balls are reported. A presumptive diagnosis, made on the basis of clinical and radiological findings, was confirmed by microscopic examination of urinary sediment. Medical treatment was successful in both patients. Since Candida infections can occur in patients with altered host resistance, this should alert clinicians to the possibility of fungal involvement when radiolucent filling defects are found in the renal pelvis. Such a presumptive diagnosis can then lead to a correct approach with conservation of renal function.

Candidiasis↗