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Biomedical subjects

G Richard

Publications and source records attributed to G Richard.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Comparative study of oxygen tension in arterial blood and arterialized capillary blood in relation to the oxygen content of inspired air in healthy newborn infants].

The values of oxygen tension of arterial blood were compared with those of arterialized capillary blood in 65 healthy newborns. The latter ones always had a significantly lower level than the arterial ones. A sufficient correlation between paired values could be stated only under conditions of normal room air. With increasing FiO2 (0.4, 0.6, 1.0) the capillary oxygen tension remains behind the arterial one. Giving pure oxygen the capillary tension is nearly half of the arterial value.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1983

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in a pediatric population.

Seven children aged from 6 weeks to 14 years were treated for end-stage renal disease by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for 60 patient months. Satisfactory control of their uremia was achieved. Peritonitis was diagnosed on seven occasions (one case per 8.6 patient months) and did not interfere with continuation of dialysis or decrease peritoneal membrane permeability. Patients older than 5 years grew at rates comparable with those of patients receiving hemodialysis. Two infants receiving CAPD exhibited normal growth rates. Families demonstrated good psychosocial adjustment to the technique. Thus, CAPD seems to be a satisfactory alternative to hemodialysis for long-term therapy .

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Quantitative measurement of retinal blood flow in human beings by application of digital image-processing methods to television fluorescein angiograms.

A method is presented that allows the quantitative determination of the blood flow in retinal arteries in human beings. Television fluorescein angiograms are used as input. This method does not need any gauge procedures since all the necessary information is taken from the image itself. Also, the patients' eye movements do not introduce errors because their influence is removed by the computer program.

Fluorescein Angiography↗
PubMed1983

The perfluorocarbon gases in the treatment of retinal detachment.

Four straight chain perfluorocarbon gases that had been studied in animals were tried in 30 patients. The larger volumes injected into patients made for extended disappearance times. Two milliliters of CF4 diminished to half volume in six days and had a total disappearance time of 16 days; 0.8 ml of C2F6 diminished to half volume in 10 days and had a disappearance time of 40 days; 1 ml of C3F8 diminished to half volume in 35 days and disappeared in 70 days; 0.6 ml of C4F10 diminished to half volume in 45 days and disappeared in 120 days. The expansion potential was estimated to be the same as measured in the animal model.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Opportunistic toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis following chemotherapy for systemic lymphoma. A light and electron microscopic study.

After a prolonged period of chemotherapy for a disseminated nodular lymphoma, a 51-year-old woman developed a white lesion in the left macular region, in the absence of any overt lymphomatous disease elsewhere. The initial retinal diagnosis was nonetheless a lymphomatous infiltrate. Due to her severely immunocompromised state, the patient developed pneumonia and died. The involved left eye was examined postmortem by light and electron microscopy. The retinal lesion was discovered to be caused by infection with Toxoplasma gondii, which on postmortem evaluation was also found in the brain together with subclinical lymphomatous disease and multifocal leucoencelphalopathy. Many viable and intact cysts were observed floating within the necrotic retina as well as lodged within recognizable retinal cells. Most of the organisms were encysted bradyzoites, although a rare tachyzoite was discovered in the extracellular space. Unusual features examined ultrastructurally were a preretinal membrane formed exclusively by glial cells, residual proliferating glial cells within the retina that were frequently related to surviving capillaries, and a multilaminar spindle cell placoid proliferation of pigment epithelial cells, assuming almost pseudo-sarcomatous proportions. Banded extracellular membrane material was focally observed between the proliferating pigment epithelial cells. No neoplastic lymphoreticular cells were discovered within the choroid, but a curious feature was the production of basement membranes by the surviving choroidal melanocytes. Toxoplasmosis should therefore be considered along with fungi and viruses in the differential diagnosis of white retinal lesions appearing in immunocompromised patients.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Arterial vascular occlusions of the eye following surgical intervention].

In this paper the author reports on 6 patients who developed occlusion of a retinal artery following trauma or surgery. Three of these occlusions occurred in the central retinal artery after operations in the orbital area. Two of the operations were ear-nose-throat procedures with subsequent infection, causing compression of the optic nerve and a decrease in circulation. Two patients probably had genuine embolisms after either a carotid angiography or the removal of an aneurysm complex of the anterior communicating artery. An occlusion of the central retinal artery was also observed in one case after trauma (impact of a fist). All 6 patients experienced a large-scale decrease in visual acuity. When there is a risk of embolism or compression of the optic nerve, prophylactic measures such as a thrombosis prophylaxis or the prompt relief of pressure in the orbit should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical and immunological studies of Behçet's disease].

8 patients with clinically diagnosed Behçet disease were immunologically investigated. Uveitis was present in 7 of these patients. Although uveitis is a rare presentation of Behçet's disease, it tends to be bilateral when it does occur and to involve both the anterior and posterior segments repeatedly. Nowadays it is rare to observe a hypopyon, thanks to early initiation of therapy. In the late stages, recurrent vitreous haemorrhage complicates the course of the disease and can lead to blindness. HLA-B5 can frequently be demonstrated in patients with Behçet's disease. Detailed serological investigations, as measles hemagglutination inhibition test+complement fixation test (CFT), rubella hemagglutination inhibition test, hepatitis HB2 antigen, adenovirus antigen, varicella zoster CFT, mumps CFT, herpes simplex CFT, anticytomegalovirus IgM and IgG, toxoplasmosis immunofluorescence, tuberculosis Middlebrock-Dubois, were unable to uncover a connection with past or present infections. Determinations of haptoglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin and ceruloplasmin showed nothing worth remarking. Electrophoresis can indicate the duration of the illness. In 1 patient the lymphocyte adherence inhibition test was abnormal.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Retinal changes in cystinosis].

Cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary enzymopathy which leads to accumulation of cystine in the reticuloendothelial system of the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, etc. The pathognomonic alterations of the cornea are characterized by multiple crystalline deposits, chiefly in the limbus area and in the anterior corneal stroma. The retinal changes are seldom described in the literature; they are characterized by a fine-grained pigment shift which intensifies from the macula toward the preequator area and which gives the fundus a 'salt and pepper' appearance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Absence of the anterior chamber following cataract extraction ].

A non-existent or extremely flat anterior chamber following cataract extraction is now very rare due to the fact that waterproof wound closure has become standard practice. Among 1,051 cataract operations carried out in our clinic during the past three years this complication was observed only 13 times, i.e. in 1,2 percent of the cases. The complication occurred slightly more frequently in diabetics and patients with glaucoma. Methods of preventing the complication and both drug and surgical treatment are discussed. In our cases surgical intervention was never necessary.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1982

Depression by Pseudomonas aeruginosa of two T-cell-mediated responses, anti-Listeria immunity and delayed-type hypersensitivity to sheep erythrocytes.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied for its effects on T-cell-mediated responses in mice, as exemplified by anti-Listeria immunity and delayed-type hypersensitivity to sheep erythrocytes. Immunity to Listeria monocytogenes was measured by quantitation of bacteria in spleens and mortality; delayed hypersensitivity to sheep erythrocytes was tested by the footpad reaction. Three different preparations of P. aeruginosa were used: the supernatant of a heat-killed culture, living bacteria, and heat-killed organisms. Similar results were obtained with the three preparations. Administration of P. aeruginosa 24 h before Listeria infection reduced the resistance to the secondary challenge, as measured by increased bacterial multiplication in the spleen and rate of mortality. Cell transfer experiments showed that pretreatment of normal recipient mice with P. aeruginosa prevented them from being adoptively immunized against a Listeria challenge infection with spleen cells from immune donors. They also showed that treatment of donors with P. aeruginosa before immunization affected the capacity of their spleen cells to protect normal recipients against Listeria. Furthermore, spleen and peritoneal exudate cells obtained from mice given P. aeruginosa were capable of preventing immunization of normal recipients against Listeria. Similar results were obtained when the delayed hypersensitivity response to sheep erythrocytes was studied. The suppressive activity of P. aeruginosa-treated spleen cells was lost by removing adherent cells. Conversely, the adherent, heat-killed, anti-immunoglobulin-treated spleen cells exerted a suppressor effect. It thus appears that P. aeruginosa injection changes macrophage and T-lymphocyte activities and results in the development of adherent, macrophage-like suppressor cells in the spleen and peritoneal cavity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Fundus albipunctatus in primary oxalosis (author's transl)].

Primary oxalosis causes a flecked retina showing multiple small luminous spots at the posterior pole which can be seen by fluorescein angiography. In a young female patient who was observed for 4 years we did not find any deterioration. In 2 patients with secondary oxalosis, there was no evidence of fundus alterations.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1982

[Synergistic activity between ticarcillin, azlocillin, cefsulodin, ceftazidime and tobramycin or amikacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (author's transl)].

Activity of azlocillin, cefsulodin, ceftazidime, ticarcillin in combination with amikacin or tobramycin was investigated against 17 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Synergistic activity was evaluated by the microtiter checkerboard technique. The bactericidal effect of the antibiotic combination was determined by subculturing onto agar and into broth. Synergistic activities of cefsulodin and ticarcillin combined with amikacin or tobramycin were similar in the inhibitory as well as in the bactericidal tests. Synergistic effects of the combination of ceftazidime and amikacin or tobramycin were moderate or indifferent in the inhibitory and bactericidal tests. The combination of azlocillin and amikacin or tobramycin produced synergistic effects greater in bactericidal tests than in inhibitory tests. The bactericidal synergistic activities of the combinations of azlocillin, cefsulodin, ticarcillin were similar. There was no difference between amikacin and tobramycin combined with a beta-lactamine. Antagonism was not observed. A synergistic effect of the combinations was observed against 4 isolates resistant to tobramycin and/or ticarcillin. However the result of the interaction seemed to depend upon the level of resistance to the antibiotic : if the MIC or the MBC of either antibiotic in the test combination was very high, synergy could not be achieved.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1981

[Immunological examinations in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (author's transl)].

In eight patients with clinical sure Vogt-Koyanagi Harada-syndrome (VKHS) immunological examinations were performed. We tested whether there were signs of former or present infections (measles HHT and complement fixation test (C.F.T.), rubella HHT, hepatitis HBs-antigen, adenovirus AG, varicella-zoster C.F.T., herpes simplex C.F.T., cytomegaly IgM and IgG, toxoplasmosis immunofluorescence, tuberculosis Middlebr. Dubois). In none of all cases we could find HLA B12. The rheumatic tests, LDH, albumin an electrophoresis, coeruloplasmin and haptoglobin were negative. The uveal pigment failed to stimulate the leucocyte cultures from VKHS-patients in leucocyte-migration-inhibition-test and in leucocyte-adherence-inhibition-test.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The effect of pentoxifylline on circulatory disturbances of the retina and optic nerve. A report of ten years clinical experience.

Report on 178 cases of vascular circulatory disturbances of the retina and the optic nerve treated with pentoxifylline. Fifty three patients had a vascular occlusion of the central retinal artery, 53 of a branch of a retinal artery, 72 of the artery of the optic nerve. The ophthalmoscopic, fluoroangiographic, therapeutic, and prognostic problems are discussed.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗