In vitro exposure of the early mouse embryo to Herpes Simplex Virus-1 strain Wal.
The causes of early embryonic death are not clearly understood, but one of them may be viral infection. To study the interaction between the virus and the undifierentiated cell, early mouse embryos in morula and blastocyst stages were exposed to Herpes Simplex Virus-1 WAL (HSV-1 WAL). In one group of a total of 167 embryos, 108 were exposed to HSV-1 WAL; the rest were maintained as controls. After washing in culture medium, these embryos were cultured on a murine fetal fibroblast monolayer for viral isolation. None showed cytopathic effects in the susceptible monolayer. In a second group, 140 empryos were exposed and 106 were maintained as controls. These embryos were cultured without a monolayer or washing to permit continuous viral contact. Eighty-seven of the exposed embryos and 74 control empryos developed normally 2 to 3 d post hatching with no morpnological differences between the two groups. No statistical differences were observed when the proportion of natched and degenerated embryos was compared. Our results indicated that the cells of early mouse embryos are not susceptible to HSV-1 WAL. We concluded that possibly the susceptibility of empryonic cells to viral agents partially depends on stage of differentiation.