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Biomedical subjects

G R Jones

Publications and source records attributed to G R Jones.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Primary central nervous system lymphoma without intracranial mass in a child. Diagnosis by documentation of monoclonality.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a rare presentation of lymphoma and is usually seen in adults, often in association with immunodeficiency. Evaluation of these patients classically shows discrete intracranial lesions, and long-term prognosis despite treatment is poor. The case of a child is presented who had no identifiable predisposing factors, no radiologic evidence of intracranial mass, no evidence of systemic disease, and in whom the diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma was made based on documentation of a monoclonal population of malignant B-cells in the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient, in whom irreversible blindness developed, was treated with a combination of cranial radiation, and intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy, and is currently alive and disease-free 15 months after diagnosis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Plasma glucose responses to glucose, sucrose, and honey in patients with diabetes mellitus: an analysis of glycaemic and peak incremental indices.

We have studied the hyperglycaemic effect of the carbohydrate of glucose, sucrose, and honey equivalent to 20 g in twelve normal volunteers, eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and six patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Honey produced an attenuated postprandial glycaemic response in normal volunteers (vs glucose p less than 0.005; vs sucrose p less than 0.05) and IDDMs (vs glucose p less than 0.005; vs sucrose p less than 0.05). The glycaemic index (GI) showed considerable variability within each subject group. Combined with a peak incremental index (PI), the two indices appear to be more valuable in predicting the glycaemic effects of carbohydrates rather than either one alone. We suggest that honey may prove to be a valuable sugar substitute in diabetics, and that both the GI and PI should be used in the analysis of food.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Thoracic inlet compression due to amiodarone induced goitre.

We report a case of amiodarone induced toxic goitre, presenting with thoracic inlet obstruction which required surgical intervention. Though thyrotoxicosis caused by amiodarone is recognised, to our knowledge thoracic inlet compression has not been previously described.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1985

Sequential high-dose cytosine arabinoside-asparaginase treatment in advanced childhood leukemia.

Sequential high-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) and asparaginase were given to 41 children age six months to 21 years of age with advanced leukemia. Ten of 22 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and eight of 19 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) obtained complete remissions. The most significant toxicity seen was infection in 22 patients. In addition, patients given intrathecal chemotherapy within 24 hours of ara-C developed neurologic toxicity. The high response rate seen in these patients with advanced leukemia indicates that a trial of this regimen is warranted in children with less advanced ALL and ANLL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Congenital corneal opacification secondary to Bowman's layer dysgenesis.

Progressive, bilateral corneal clouding was noted at birth in an otherwise healthy infant. There was no evidence of an infectious or hereditary cause. A trial of corticosteroids was unsuccessful, and the opacification in both corneas increased during the course of a few months, necessitating penetrating keratoplasty. However, reopacification of both grafts ensued within two to four months, and a second graft was done on the right eye. Histologic examination of both the original corneal buttons and the failed graft from the right eye showed a thickening of Bowman's layer that was three to four times greater than that of normal controls. This was associated with an increased number of keratocytes producing pools of collagen bundles within Bowman's layer. This report documents a unique form of corneal opacification unassociated with other ocular or systemic diseases. This process may be interpreted as a phenomenon in which the cells that contribute to the intrauterine formation of Bowman's layer continue to proliferate in an abnormal and exuberant fashion beyond fetal life, leading to corneal opacification.

Cornea↗
PubMed1984

Liminal therapy: a strategy for the complete and selective destruction of malignant tissue in situ.

The property of aerobic glycolysis commonly possessed by malignant cells points to a weakness in oxidative metabolism which has been equated in some tumours with partial uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. The suggestions are made, first, that this endogenous defect may account for spontaneous cell death in situ, and, second, that its accentuation would inflict extensive tumour injury upon sensitive neoplasms. Certain drugs not in current use for the treatment of malignant disease are known to be able to interfere selectively with energy metabolism in sensitive tumours to such an extent that widespread necrotization ensues. The drugs activate an endogenous destructive mechanism that appears to require oxygen. Liminal therapy, the maintenance of continuous destructive pressure on sensitive growths in such a manner that maximal anti-tumour activity in terms of interference with energy production is not achieved at any one time, and under conditions in which the oxygen supply is only partly depleted, is put forward as a possible means of achieving complete and selective tumour destruction in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A trial of povidone-iodine ointment for the prevention of cannula thrombophlebitis.

The efficacy of povidone-iodine ointment in the prevention of cannula thrombophlebitis was assessed in a prospective controlled study of 100 consecutive patients. Thrombophlebitis was evaluated clinically, and in addition all cannulae were cultured, semi-quantitatively and by the conventional broth technique, to detect any bacterial colonization. The incidence of thrombophlebitis was slightly higher in the test than in the control group. It is concluded that the use of povidone-iodine ointment for prophylaxis does not reduce the incidence of cannula thrombophlebitis. There was no significant association between the incidence of thrombophlebitis and cannula colonization as measured by either the semi-quantitative technique or the conventional broth technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The effect of short term lithium carbonate in Type II diabetes mellitus.

The metabolic response to a standard 50 g carbohydrate breakfast was evaluated over 3 hours in 6 Type II maturity onset diabetic patients before and after 1 week of lithium carbonate administration (serum Lithium 0.5-1.5 mmol/l). Plasma glucose response was significantly less after lithium between 60 and 180 minutes but plasma insulin did not change. Insulin/glucose ratios fell by 17.3% at 60 minutes and rose by 14.2% at 180 minutes. There were no significant changes in free fatty acid and lactate concentrations. Mean serum calcium rose slightly but significantly during the treatment period from 2.17 +/- 0.04 to 2.26 +/- 0.03 mean +/- SEM mmol/l. It is concluded that diabetes is not worsened by lithium, at least during short term therapy.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1983

Prognostic significance of the new placental proteins in trophoblastic disease.

Circulating levels of four specific placental proteins, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), Schwangerschafts protein 1 (SP1), placental protein 5 (PP5) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), were measured in 31 patients with hydatidiform mole before treatment. Seven patients subsequently developed clinical choriocarcinoma and three of them had pulmonary metastases. The estimations of hCG, PP5 and PAPP-A levels were found to be of no value in the prediction of malignant sequelae. Levels of SP1 greater than or equal to 16.5 i.u./l were associated with a higher incidence of subsequent malignant disease (P less than 0.05), the risk being at least nine times greater in these patients. The predictive value of high levels of SP1 was 35%, the specificity 45.8% and sensitivity 100%.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Interference with energy production as a means of causing injury to a human pancreatic carcinoma.

The ATP content of a human pancreatic carcinoma, cultured as a xenograft in athymic nude (nu/nu) mice, dropped by 70% within 1 h of treating the hosts with hydralazine (10 mg/kg s.c.), while the energy charge fell from 0.79 to 0.53. By 24 h, the pattern of adenine nucleotides, as shown by the energy charge, had reverted to normal; meanwhile, the ATP level recovered somewhat, showing an eventual loss of 41%. A second administration (also 10 mg/kg s.c.) 23 h after the first produced no further effect on energy metabolism 1 h later, indicating that a state of drug refractoriness had been established. Losses of adenine nucleotides from the carcinoma 24 h after the initial treatment with hydralazine amounted to 37%, from which it was estimated that 35-40% necrosis could be expected from the procedure.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasonographic assessment of hydronephrosis of pregnancy.

We examined 100 consecutive patients presenting for gestational assessment by ultrasonography for hydronephrosis. Hydronephrosis in these patients was assessed in respect of its incidence, degree, laterality, and its relation to stage of gestation. Hydronephrosis was found to be present in approximately half of our patients particularly in the second and third trimesters. Hydronephrosis was more prevalent on the right than on the left side. We believe that hydronephrosis of pregnancy is physiologic and that both mechanical and hormonal factors contribute to its occurrence.

Female↗