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Biomedical subjects

G Pinon

Publications and source records attributed to G Pinon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Rhino- and oropharyngeal carriage of Haemophilus sp. in children].

The occurence of Haemophilus sp. and other potential pathogens: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Neisseria meningitidis has been investigated in 79 children from rhino and oropharyngeal material. H. parainfluenzae is only isolated from the oropharynx. H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae may be isolated from the rhinopharynx but are associated to signs of infection in the upper respiratory tract. The capsule of H. Influenzae represents a colonization factor of the rhinopharynx from an oropharyngeal carriage. 6.1% of H. influenzae and 28% of H. parainfluenzae isolates were found resistant to penicillin by production of betalactamase.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

[Haemophilus influenza infections in infants and mothers. Three cases (author's transl)].

The three cases reported were diagnosed at the time of contamination by direct examination and culture, at birth, of placental tissue, gastric fluid and peripheral specimens. The culture media included a chocolate agar medium favourable to the growth of H. influenzae. One of the isolates was beta-lactamase producer and therefore resistant to the group A penicillins usually prescribed. Determination of the M.I.C.s of eight antibiotics showed that cefotaxime constitutes, for the time being, a suitable alternative to penicillins against such strains. Early detection of H. influenzae perinatal infections make it possible to treat neonates before complications develop. Among the 19 cases published, there were 4 cases of meningitis, 8 cases of septicaemia and 1 case of arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Beta-lactam susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from pelvic inflammatory disease.

Gonococci isolated in France from urethral and endocervical cultures in 12 women with pelvic inflammatory disease were similar, in their susceptibility to six beta-lactam antibiotics as determined by an agar dilution procedure, to isolates from patients with uncomplicated anogenital infections (83 patients). These data contrast with earlier study done in the United States.

Cephalosporins↗
PubMed1981

[Routine determination of Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility to antibiotics by a disk diffusion method (author's transl)].

The susceptibility of 137 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to eleven antibiotics has been determined by a disk diffusion method. For nine antibiotics (penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, minocycline, erythromycin and chloramphenicol) the results were found to be similar to those of fast growing aerobic bacteria antibiogram procedures. The correlation between diameter of inhibition measured with chocolate agar 1 p. cent polyvitex BioMérieux and minimum inhibitory concentrations determined by an agar dilution procedure with GC medium 1 p. cent haemoglobin, 1 p. cent supplement B Difco was good : coefficients ranging from r = 0,78 for penicillin G to r = 0,60 for minocycline. Less satisfactory results were found if chocolate agar 1 p. cent polyvitex was substituted by Gono-Meningo medium IPP. The technique described could be used for clinical purposes and epidemiologic survey.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Use of the API 20E system for rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae (six hours) (author's transl)].

The authors propose a modification of the method of use of the API 20E system permitting more rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae within six hours (3 hours preculture and 3 hours incubation on an API 20E plate) it was possible to identify correctly 67% of 192 strains studied at species level and 75.5% studied at generic level. One may note four mistakes (2.1%) of which 3 were minor, (species within the same genus). The construction of a base of numerical data adapted to the technic within six hours would no doubt permit us to reduce the percentage undetermined.

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1978

Alterations of complement system following thermal injury: use in estimation of vital prognosis.

Complement system has been investigated in the first 15 days postburn. Complement titer (measured by a kinetic method of immune hemolysis) decreases immediately after thermal injury. This depression is mainly explained by mechanical leakage and is related to burn surface. No anticomplementary effect has ever been found in this period. After 48 hours complement titer rises. Magnitude and rate of rise are inversely related to the severity of burn trauma (depth and surface). Infection occurrence is statistically related to but somewhat independent of complement levels and interferes with the rate of increase of complement levels. The basis of the rise to normal or elevated complement levels remains unexplained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Chemotherapy-radiotherapy association in the treatment of localized forms of Hodgkin's disease. Prognosis of polychemotherapy after three trials of M.O.P.P].

63 patients with Hodgkin disease of limited extent (I, II, III) are treated with two protocols: extended field irradiation versus chemotherapy (M.O.P.P.) + extended field irradiation. Three points are suggested by analysis of the results: 1) Advantage from the combination of chemotherapy-radiotherapy. 2) Resistance to chemotherapy frequent innodular sclerosis. 3) In patients treated with chemotherapy the reaction has a prognostic value: failure of treatment being seen only in patients who did not obtain a complete remission.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urachal cyst infection caused by Haemophilus influenzae].

The case of a 5 year-old boy with urachal cyst infection due to Haemophilus influenzae is reported. The difficulties encountered in isolating this bacteria when the correct procedures are not used can explain the apparent rarity of such infections. Physiopathological mechanisms of this infection are discussed with respect to the characteristics of the strain.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Heterogeneity of strains of Haemophilus influenzae of genital and neonatal origin: analysis of capsular serotypes, biotypes and electrophoretic profiles of external membrane proteins and LPS].

The techniques of capsular serotype, biotype determination and sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of sarcosinate-insoluble outer membrane protein (OMP) and of proteinase K lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations were applied to 41 genital and neonatal Haemophilus influenzae isolates. Twelve percent were capsulated (4b, 1a). Distribution of strains between biotypes was similar to that of isolates of other non-systemic pathogenic origin; only one isolate was biotype IV. The OMP profiles showed great variability with 4 group of proteins: a 16-Kd major peptide which was observed in all strains; 27-30-Kd major OMP including one constant 30-Kd peptide present in all strains except one; 32- to 50-Kd major OMP; and 49- to 54-Kd minor OMP. The rough LPS profiles also revealed heterogeneity. In view of the variability observed among H. influenzae strains, it is not possible to establish a relationship between pathogenicity and a macromolecular marker.

Abortion, Septic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fosfomycin resistance in Staphylococcus saprophyticus and other species of coagulase-negative staphylococci].

Susceptibility of 121 isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci to two antimicrobial agents, novobiocin and fosfomycin, was determined using the agar dilution method. Isolates included 45 strains of Staphylococcus saprophyticus, 26 strains of S. cohnii and S. xylosus, 24 strains of S. epidermidis and 26 strains of S. hominis, S. capitis, S. warneri and S. auricularis . The minimal inhibitory concentration average of fosfomycin for S. saprophyticus differed (p less than 0.001) from that other for novobiocin-resistant staphylococci (S. cohnii and S. xylosus) and for S. epidermidis (p less than 0.001). Out of 45 isolates of S. saprophyticus, 42 were resistant to fosfomycin. The results were very heterogeneous with regard to fosfomycin for all of the other coagulase-negative staphylococci. Resistance to fosfomycin, like resistance to novobiocin, could be used as a presumptive test for the identification of S. saprophyticus.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Haemophilus influenzae: sensitivity to 12 antibiotics, analysis according to capsular serotype, biotype and source of isolation, and epidemiologic implications].

A total of 129 strains of Haemophilus influenzae were tested for susceptibility to twelve antibiotics. Capsular serotypes and biotypes were determined, and the relation between these parameters and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were analysed. Non-capsulated strains were more susceptible to streptomycin than capsulated ones. The distribution of MIC of chloramphenicol among biotypes was different. The distribution of MIC of penicillin G, tetracycline and chloramphenicol among sources of isolation was also different. Therefore the strains did not have the same origin, and one should look at the concept of organotropism for H. influenzae.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗