[Problems in cytologic mammary gland diagnosis].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Pedio.
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Symptoms of the Sézary syndrome are described in a case history. Sézary's syndrome is a lymphoproliferative process of the skin, which eventually develops into an erythrodermia. Strange lymphocytes with a cerebriform chromatin structure, often with T-cell characteristics, circulate in the blood stream. In few instances they are also found in lymphnodes and bone marrow. This primarily benign disease can become malignant, possibly due to an overaggressive cytostatic therapy. Besides the hitherto unknown endogenous causes, exogenous factors cannot be excluded.
This paper reports on six patients, in whom a so-called "carcinoma in situ" or a radiologically "occult" carcinoma of the lung was diagnosed by means of cytological sputum examinations. On the basis of these cases, the problem of early localization of lung carcinomas is discussed. The cytological diagnosis of an occult lung carcinoma is practically always the result of an incidental sputum examination. Nevertheless, the value of "mass screenings" is doubtful, whereas systematic sputum examinations of so-called high risk patients seem so much the more indicated.
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Lymphocyte-like distinctive cells with cerebriform and serpentiform nuclei, as described in 'Sézary syndrome' were detected in the peripheral blood of two patients, one with plasma-cell leukemia and one with bacterial sepsis. These observations suggest that 'Sézary cells' are not strictly specific, neither for a neoplastic nor for a nonneoplastic disease, but rather representing a reactive form of lymphocytes to different stimuli.
A case of the rare Sézary syndrome is described. The Sézary syndrome is a lymphoproliferative disorder of the skin, the lymph nodes, and to a smaller extent the bone marrow, which begins with erythrodermia. In the blood, strange circulating lymphocytes with a "cerebriform" chromatin structure and T-cell properties are found. The disease is primarly benign but may become malignant. The origin is unknown. Endogenic and exogenic factors are considered and relationships to other cutaneous lympho-proliferative diseases and treatment are discussed.
The technic, advantages and limitations of the fine needle method for diagnostic purposes in pathologic alterations of the breast are discussed. Our own results bear out the value of the method for rapid diagnosis: puncture of 252 breast tumors and 78 mastectomy scars revealed 37 and 41 suspect or malignant alterations respectively. No false positive diagnoses were recorded. The rate of false negative results was 7.3% in breast tumors and 9.9% in mastectomy scars.
So-called 'undulating tubules' were found in the blood lymphocytes of an apparently healthy 33-year-old male. Undulating tubules have been noted to occur frequently in kidney cells and blood lymphocytes of patients suffering from collagen diseases and especially from SLE. They have been suggested to be a possibly pathognomonic finding in such diseases. Our result seems to contradict such an association.
Cells from the peripheral blood of a patient with 'hairy cell' leukemia were cultivated in long-term cultures. They grew with a monolayer growth pattern and consisted of at least two cell populations. The electron microscopic morphology of the cultivated cells revealed cells resembling 'hairy cells' showing the typical cytoplasmic protrusions and cells with structural characteristics of plasma cells.
A 23-year-old Spanish male presenting with hemoptysis, fever and radiologic signs of lung tumor was found to have hydatid disease of the lung with rupture into the bronchial system. Diagnosis was possible only by demonstration of scoleces in the sputum. The cyst was totally enucleated by surgery. The epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of this quite rare disease are briefly reviewed with special reference to immunology, radiology and cytology.
2 days after ip inoculation of cell-free extracts of HIPA tumour, giant platelets and platelets with band-like inclusions were found in blood of BALB/c mice. Band-like inclusions with platelets have morphologic structure of fibrin. Their presence in the thrombocytes is probably an accidental finding. Giant platelets in the circulating blood are probably due to a disturbed meagacaryocytopoiesis.
Electron-microscopic examination of peripheral blood from a patient with 'hairy cell' leukemia revealed classical 'hairy cells', atypical lymphoid cells and numerous pathological plasma cells. Osmiophilic granular material coated the cell surface of 'hairy cells' and lymphoid cells but not the plasmalemma of the plasma cells. The most important features of the plasma cells were cytoplasmic protrusions and masses of oncogenic virus A particles in their endoplasmic reticular cisternae.
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