Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Pastore

Publications and source records attributed to G Pastore.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute non-lymphatic leukemia in children].

40 children (23 males, 17 females) have been diagnosed have ANLL during the period from february 1970 to september 1981. According to FAB classification, 24 cases were M1,-M2, 9 M3, 3 M4, 3 M5 and 1 M6. At diagnosis, 20 patients (50%) had leukocytes less than 10.000/mmc, 6 (15%) had leukocytes greater than 50.000mmc. Hb levels was 7 g% in 16 patients (40%); 10 children had hepatosplenomegaly (25%), 7 splenomegaly (18%) and 5 lymphoadenomegaly (13%). 4 patients had cutaneous or mucous infiltrates. None had meningeal involvement at diagnosis. According to the year of diagnosis, 3 groups can be identified. In the group I (1970-73), 11 patients have been treated with not codified combination chemotherapy as ARA-C, 6-TG, DNR, CTX, Metil-GAG. In the group II (1974-76) and in the group III (1977-81), the patients (respectively 12 and 17) have been treated according to the following protocols: LAM-5 (3), TRAP (5), COAP (1), LAM 80 (2), AIL 7402 (8), AIL 7604, AIL 7801 (6). Immunotherapy has been performed in 7 cases. CNS prophylaxis (MTX i.t. +/-ARA-C +/- RT) was given in 5 patients of group II and in 6 of group III. I patients of group I (45%), 6 of group II (50%) and 13 of group III (76%) achieved CR. Median duration of remission was 5 months in the group I and in 17 in group II and III.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Homozygous beta-thalassaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (author's transl)].

Two girls with homozygous beta-thalassaemia developed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. In the first case the two disorders were diagnosed at the same time, when the infant was 11 months old. In the second girl the thalassaemia was diagnosed at the age of 5 months. The patient received monthly packed red cell transfusion. At the age of 3 years she developed the leukaemia. Both the patients achieved a complete remission and are alive after 73 and 5 months from the diagnosis of the leukaemia. The authors discuss the possible relationship between the two haematological diseases.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of anti-HCV among spouses and offspring of anti-HCV positive subjects: an Italian multicentre study.

The role of familial environment in the spreading of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is not well established. We studied 1670 family members for 578 anti-HCV+ subjects enrolled in 8 centres distributed throughout Italy. The prevalence of anti-HCV positivity was significantly higher in spouses than in offspring (15.6% and 2.1% respectively; p < 0.01), with no difference between northern and central-southern regions of Italy. Anti-HCV positivity was found almost exclusively in adults; among offspring, during the first two decades of life, the prevalence of anti-HCV positivity was significantly lower than in subjects over 20 years old (0.6% vs 3.1%, respectively).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Factors of contagiousness in the epidemiology of hepatitis type B (author's transl)].

Since morbidity of viral hepatitis B is increasing, the causes of diffusion of this infection have been studied. There are several routes of transmission and undoubtedly apparent non-parenteral routes have a great importance. In a study performed on 32 families of HBsAg carriers, familial aggregation of infection has been acquired through close personal contact. Transmission of infection from mother to infant may occur transplacentally for vertical transmission, or, after the birth, for horizontal transmission, so that a high percentage of children is infected. Percutaneous transmission of hepatitis B in families affected by scabies is evident. The presence of infectivity markers is of major importance for transmission of virus: these are HBeAg and specific DNA-polymerase activity of serum. Well, when the carrier exhibits the markers, the contacts are involved in the infection in a high percentage. From this point of view the carriers with chronic liver disease are more dangerous than the asymptomatic ones. The problem of carrier exists: nevertheless it is possible to carry out a better prophylaxis, if we take into account the presence of the infectivity markers.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The importance of the follow-up in patients operated on for breast cancer. A retrospective analysis of 2482 cases].

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the follow-up in breast cancer patients is the early detection of recurrences and the diagnosis of second tumours to improve the survival rate and/or the life quality of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study we analyze retrospectively 2482 cases, treated in the period 1964-1988; all patients underwent surgery: mastectomy in 1979 cases and conservative surgery in 503 cases. The follow-up was performed by clinical and radiological (chest X-ray, bone scintigraphic scanning, echotomography of the liver and mammography) examinations every 3-4 months in the first and second year, every 6 months for 5 years and then every year. The duration of the observation time ranges from 42 to 330 months (median 172). RESULTS: Relapses were detected in 928 cases (37.4%): 289 loco-regional recurrences (11.6%) and 639 distant metastases (25.8%). The 62.1% and the 92.5% of the failures appeared after 3 years and 10 years follow-up respectively. Local recurrences were observed in 14.1% of all relapses after mastectomy and in 9.3% after conservative surgery. 36.3% and 88.1% of the local failures appeared after 2 years and 5 years follow-up respectively. Regional lymph nodal recurrence occurred in 14.2% of all relapses: 1.6% in the axilla, 9.8% in the supraclavicular region, 2.8% in the mediastinal nodes. Distant metastases were observed in 68.9% of all relapses: 31.3% in the bone, 17.6% in the lung and 8.1% in the liver. An increase of the serum markers (CEA, TPA, CA 15-3) appeared 2-10 months before other clinical or radiological signs of disease; CA 15-3 showed the best predictive positive value. Metachronous tumours in the contralateral breast were detected in 103 cases (4.1%), all staged as T1-T2. The modalities of diagnosis of the relapses were studied in 350 patients. In these cases 76% of recurrences were detected by history (62%) and physical examination (14%), 10% by chest X-ray, 12% by bone scan and 2% by liver echotomography. 36% of relapsed patients were asymptomatic and the mean anticipation of diagnosis was 4 months. An increase of survival was observed only in patients with loco-regional recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in our study and the literature data confirm the importance of long-term follow-up in the breast cancer patients. Clinical examination and mammography represent the most important modalities of diagnosis for the local and distant relapses and the second neoplasms in the contralateral breast.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HCV third generation test in hemodialysis patients.

In order to evaluate the sensitivity of HCV test, Ortho Second and Third Generation HCV Elisa Tests were used in 315 sera collected from dialysis patients. The agreement between the two tests was 96.5%. RIBA Second and Third generation and PCR were tested in the eleven discordant sera and in specimens collected in 1992 from the same patients and in 20 Ortho-2 and Ortho-3 HCV negative patients. Ortho-3 test is capable of detecting anti-HCV seroconversion earlier than Ortho-2 with increased sensitivity and specificity, as is confirmed by RIBA and PCR tests.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerization of a diagnostic imaging department: a way of managing the health care complexity.

Today, while the potentialities for communication networks and an increasingly sophisticated and widespread technology, have made social participation in the planet's events (global village) simultaneous, at the same time the human language is undergoing an ever increasing fragmentation and differences are not communicable. In medicine, the impossible communication of fragmentation has created a gap between society and science, health care service and patients, primary people's needs and superspecializations etc., that cannot be bridged. In this alarming situation, which poses economic, ethical and philosophical problems, difficulties in the organization and management have become even more pressing in an economic and administrative system which requires effectiveness and efficiency of the health care system. Departmental automation, in our case of the department of "Diagnostic imaging" and of the hospital system as a whole, may supply an adequate tool to "users-operators-administrators" for the management of the patient and of his/her illness through the integration and correlation between information, complementary resources, interaction between health operators and administrators. Diagnostic imaging is undoubtedly a complex and important crossroads for the patient and for the disease and computerization can markedly contribute in terms of "service efficiency", "intervention effectiveness" "quality assurance". In health care services, especially in a university setting, "information and knowledge packages" for education and research should be available. This "feasible dream" can come true only if dreamt by all. This means that operators responsible for the patient and the illness must be involved in a radical change of environment and behavior.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telecommunications and multimedia systems in education: what developments for radiology?

What are the new perspectives for the radiologist with the development of new technologies of telecommunications? At present, when digitization of most biomedical images has become a reality, problems of remote transmission are simplified. However, telematic literacy is necessary to the radiologist. It is already possible through multimedia supports, as CD-ROM and Internet "navigation". Which are the modalities to access "the network of networks"? Through Internet, hypertexs can be consulted, databases can be accessed, programs and printings can be retrieved, electronic mail can be exchanged. The CD-ROM is a further source of knowledge, especially effective in education due to multimedia and hypertext technology. In this context in the education of the radiologist, the hypertext version of a radiology text, finds its place. It is conceived to offer to each user an individualized approach to learning.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiotherapy of non-neoplastic diseases: the situation in Piedmont].

The authors report the results of a census among the Piedmont region radiation therapy departments during the period 1980-1991 concerning non antineoplastic radiotherapy. Eight out of eleven centers respond to the questionnaire. During the period considered 36,480 patients were treated, with an annual mean of 4056; the number of treated patients varies from 1.2% to over 71.3% in the different centers when compared to the number of neoplastic patients. Arthrosis, osseous angioma, cheloides and verruca were the most treated diseases. Plesioroentgentherapy and roentgentherapy were normally employed; telecesium and telecobalt therapy were also used; only two centers used electron beams or brachytherapy. The doses of radiotherapy were not uniform; also patients' information and follow-up criteria were quite different in the various centers. The authors conclude with a guidelines for future radiotherapy in benign diseases.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Malformations of the midline. A case-control study].

Defects of the middle line are an heterogeneous group of congenital malformations due to commune pathogenetic mechanisms. We have made a case-control study about 150 newborns, who have at least 1 defect of the middle line. Results prove an excess of males between the cases, due mostly to hypospadias. We haven't found families with defects of the middle line with x-linked manner of hereditary transmission. We haven't found any particular risk present in cases and not in controls. We haven't found any case with 2 or more middle line defects.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of diagnostic imaging of the breast in patients treated with postsurgical radiotherapy or presurgical radiotherapy or chemotherapy].

INTRODUCTION: In the last 25 years, random trials on the advantages of combined surgery and irradiation/chemotherapy of breast cancer demonstrated similar survival rates to those of massive surgery. However, both irradiation and chemotherapy have advanced and now yield good local control of the disease, so that even large breast cancers can be made operable. Breast cancer follow-up is carried out with imaging and clinical examinations to detect early locoregional recurrences, contralateral lesions and distant recurrences: to this purpose, we carried out a comparative study of all imaging modalities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 42 breast cancer (T2-T3 N0-N+) patients of the Senology Center of the Catholic University (Rome, Italy) treated with irradiation and/or chemotherapy for tumor debulking to permit conservative surgery. We investigated the sensitivity and the indications of mammography, B-mode and color Doppler US and MRI in measuring the exact tumor size and detecting locoregional metastatic nodes. RESULTS: After 3 years' treatment, our recurrence rate (19%) is a little higher than those in the major international trials (4.2-9% and 5 tears). The recurrence was on the surgical scar in 75% of cases (6/8), while multifocal tumors were found in 25% of cases. US was the most accurate method in measuring tumor size in 90% of cases (18/20), while mammography frequently overstaged the lesion and yielded exact measurements in 65% of cases (13/20). MRI was as accurate as US, but this technique is too expensive and little available in Italy. US accurately diagnosed lymph node recurrences (70% sensitivity), but MR rate was even higher (80%), while mammography and color Doppler US had only 5-10%. As for treatment outcome, an irregular and blurred nodule or multifocal lesions at mammography indicate poor/no response, while a much smaller radial scar than at previous similar follow-ups indicates treatment success. CONCLUSIONS: When correctly integrated, mammographic, US and MR patterns permit exact tumor size measurement and show possible locoregional lymph node involvement in the patients submitted to conservative surgery and irradiation/chemotherapy. In contrast, color Doppler findings remain poorly specific in this disease, with about 55% sensitivity. Therefore, radiologic studies, with clinical and laboratory data, have a major prognostic value in assessing the biological response to combined treatment.

Breast Neoplasms↗