[Markers of infectivity and diffusion of hepatitis B virus infection in a dialysis unit].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Pastore.
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In order to evaluate the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the etiology of chronic liver diseases, paired sera of 143 patients with biopsy-documented chronic hepatitis were tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs by radioimmunoassay method. HBsAg was detected in 67.3% of patients with a preceding verified eipsode of acute hepatitis, and in 26.7% of patients with a cryptogenic form of chronic hepatitis. HBsAg was not found in any of patients with alcoholic chronic hepatitis and in only two of 18 patients with other forms of chronic liver disease. No significant difference in the incidence of anti-HBs was observed in all groups of patients. According to previous studies our results confirm the higher prevalence of HBV infection in etiology of chronic persistent and aggressive hepatitis and indicate that this prevalence may be observed especially in Middle and South Italy. The presence of HBsAg in the serum of 37.2% of our patients with cirrhosis compared with 9% of reported cases in North Italy suggest that HBV plays an important role in the etiology of cirrhosis of the liver in our area.
Six children with yolk sac tumor, 3 occurring in gonadal sites and 3 in extragonadal ones, were studied with respect to pathological features, laboratory findings and clinical course. Their histological appearance was similar regardless of the site of origin. The prognosis was poor, but all the cases exhibited objective response to chemotherapy. Two children are alive and off therapy from 27 and 60 months. Three of the six patients in which serum alfa-fetoprotein determinations were performed showed positive results. The demonstration of alfa-fetoprotein in the serum of these patients could prove to be of prognostic value, indicating the presence of residual or recurrent disease. It is advisable to gather cases from many Institutions in order to specify prognostic factors, to know the natural history of this tumor and to prepare an effective therapeutic program.
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