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Biomedical subjects

G Pappalardo

Publications and source records attributed to G Pappalardo.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Evaluation of a new antiseptic based on natural substances.

In this study the authors compared different forms of a new antiseptic (Acisept), based on natural substances, with a number of well-established skin disinfectants routinely used in their hospital. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed. The excellent in vitro results were not quite matched by those in vivo. On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was observed between the in vivo results of Acisept and those of the reference products. Acisept appears to be, in every one of its commercial forms, an efficient skin disinfectant comparable to those currently used in the authors' hospital. A lack of remanence was found in both Acisept and the reference products.

Acetates↗
PubMed1990

The value of endoluminal ultrasonography and computed tomography in the staging of rectal cancer: a preliminary study.

A prospective study was carried out in 14 patients with rectal cancer. Tumors were staged preoperatively by endoluminal ultrasonography (EU) and computed tomography (CT). Patients were followed postoperatively for 2 years by the same modalities. Extramural spread was 100% (9/9), accurately assessed by EU and 77.8% (7/9) with CT. Lymph node sensitivity was 87.5% for EU and 37.5 for CT (P less than 0.05). Overall accuracy of lymph node metastases was 85.7% for EU and 57.1% for CT (P less than 0.1). In conclusion, the study shows EU to be statistically more accurate for nodal metastases than CT; therefore, its routine use can be recommended in the preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma in those patients for whom a sphincter-saving procedure is considered.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Use of silanes as bonding intermediates in alloy-adhesive-alloy systems].

The Authors suggest on original appliance of the adhesive bridge on metallic surface of pre-existent fixed prosthesis by means of silanes. In two clinical cases the silanes make it possible to apply on adhesive bridge without damage for contiguous theets and to resolve difficult prosthetic problems with good outcome.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1989

Preliminary pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluation of ofloxacin in dental and oral cavity diseases.

In 14 healthy volunteers (8 M and 6 F), aged 19 to 33 years, serum and salivary concentrations of ofloxacin, administered in a single oral dose of 300 mg, were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the microbiological agar diffusion method. The serum peak was observed at hour 1 (2.61 +/- 0.17 micrograms/ml), with a T1/2 of 4.14 h, a Kel of 0.167 h-1 and AUC of 15.07 micrograms/ml.h. The peak salivary concentration, obtained at hour 2, was 1.96 micrograms/ml, with a T1/2 of 4.40 h. Twenty dental patients (12 M and 8 F), aged 18 to 37 years, with various diseases, were treated orally with ofloxacin 600 mg/day for a period of four to six days. The clinical response proved excellent in one case, good in 16, fair in two and poor in one, with 85% efficacy rating. In five of these patients, ofloxacin concentrations in gingival tissue and alveolar bone were found to be 1.90 +/- 0.09 micrograms/g and 1.58 +/- 0.06 micrograms/g, respectively, while serum and salivary assays by HPLC confirmed the previous results. No changes of importance in haematochemical parameters were found in any of the patients. One patient only presented with diarrhoea and a skin rash which promptly cleared on discontinuing the therapy. Ofloxacin for its spectrum of action and good diffusion in the salivary and parodontal tissue compartment can be considered an useful tool in oral chemo-antibiotic therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

In vitro enhancement of human platelet aggregation by somatostatin.

Very low concentrations of somatostatin (S-14) strongly potentiate the in vitro aggregation induced by collagen, ristocetin and arachidonic acid, but not that induced by ADP or epinephrine, in both human platelet rich plasmas and gel-filtered platelet preparations. Desensitization phenomena may be induced either by repeated addition of S-14 or long lasting contact between S-14 and platelets.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Preoperative and postoperative evaluation by manometric study of the anal sphincter after coloanal anastomosis for carcinoma.

The purpose of the present study was to pre- and postoperatively evaluate the anal sphincter after coloanal anastomosis in 20 patients with carcinoma of the rectum at 5.5 to 8 cm from the anal verge. The 20 patients matched age and sex with the controlled subjects. Of the 20 patients, 17 with normal preoperative manometric studies when compared with control subjects underwent a coloanal anastomosis as described by Castrini, and three patients with preoperative incontinence underwent abdominoperineal resection. Manometric studies preoperatively, and postoperatively at three and 12 months, indicated a statistically significant decrease in squeezing pressure, and rectal compliance at three months that almost normalized by 12 months. The rectal compliance correlated with the number of bowel movements per day at three months (four to five per day) and at 12 months (two to three per day). The rectoanal reflex and length of pressure zone have remained unchanged. Results seem to indicate that anal continence can be preserved after coloanal anastomosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Comparative study between liquid and solid media for the detection of bacterial contamination in intravenous solutions.

For the sterility testing of intravenous solutions, the Pharmacopeia recommend the use of liquid media. However, contamination by a single micro-organism during the test may lead to the inappropriate blocking of the release of the batch. An alternative method using solid media for culturing the membranes used in the filtration was therefore sought. With an artificial contamination with 10-100 colony-forming-units (cfu) of nine different micro-organisms, including those advocated by the Pharmacopeia, the feasibility of two different methods was assessed using two different intravenous solutions manufactured in our hospital. The results show that recoveries of minute amounts of bacteria using solid media and liquid media were similar. In all experiments there was a concordance in both positive and negative results. However, the batches of solutions have to be tested as quickly as possible after their preparation, whatever the method used, to avoid false-negative tests.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

Secondary sclerosing cholangitis: an experimental study.

An experimental study on rabbit sclerosing cholangitis (SC) secondary to direct injection into the biliary tract of the chemical substances commonly employed for intraoperative sterilization of the hydatid cyst content is reported. Among the various substances utilized, 10% formalin and 30% hypertonic solution caused gross and microscopic lesions compatible with less advanced forms of sclerosing cholangitis. The authors present their hypothesis on the development of SC in operated hydatid cysts of the liver.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1987

Combined medical and surgical therapy: a new approach to abdominal hydatidosis.

The experience with 28 patients affected by hepatic and abdominal hydatidosis and treated by combined medical and surgical therapy is reported. All the patients were subject to preoperative and postoperative medical therapy with mebendazole (50 mg/kg/daily). The percentage of living scolices in hydatid fluid obtained during surgery, evaluated microscopically and by mice inoculation, was lower in patients treated medically than in patients operated on without pre and postoperative medical therapy. These data support the efficacy of the preoperative medical therapy in order to decrease the biological activity of the parasite and, consequently the risk of secondary localization due to intraoperative dissemination. Two ultrasound proved recurrences (7.1%) were observed only in patients with multiple or diffuse hydatidosis. In these cases it is uncertain whether it was a relapsing or residual disease. No toxic or collateral effects, following the schedule of dosage and timing of the drugs used, were observed in these patients. It is concluded that, at the present time the combined medical and surgical therapy, is considered the most effective therapeutical approach to abdominal hydatidosis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

The treatment of perforated diverticulitis by one-stage intracolonic bypass procedure.

The one-stage intracolonic bypass procedure prevents gastrointestinal secretions and fecal content from coming in contact with an anastomotic site without interrupting the intraluminal continuity of the fecal flow from proximal to distal colon. This can be achieved by the intraluminal implantation of a soft, pliable tube above the anastomotic site. Previous clinical and experimental data have indicated that the intracolonic bypass procedure can protect an anastomosis in the presence of maximal colonic loading, gross dehiscences, or fecal peritonitis. This report presents 28 patients with perforated diverticulitis, all of whom were treated by one-stage intracolonic bypass procedures. Ten of the 28 patients had peritonitis, and 18 had pericolic abscesses. Results indicate no deaths and no anastomotic leakages. Three patients (10.7%) had a complicated postoperative course. One patient with fecal peritonitis had prolonged ileus and a pulmonary effusion, and one had a myocardial infarction. Both of these patients responded to medical therapy. Another patient had a wound infection. The hospital stay ranged from 10 to 18 postoperative days. All patients passed the tubes spontaneously 2 to 3 weeks after operation. The one-stage intracolonic bypass procedure can be recommended as a viable alternative to the two- or three-stage procedures commonly used for perforated diverticulitis.

Abscess↗