EAU guidelines on ejaculatory dysfunction.
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Ejaculation↗
Biomedical subjects
G Papp
Publications and source records attributed to G Papp.
Wealth condensation in pareto macroeconomies.
We discuss a Pareto macroeconomy (a) in a closed system with fixed total wealth and (b) in an open system with average mean wealth, and compare our results to a similar analysis in a super-open system (c) with unbounded wealth [J.-P. Bouchaud and M. Mézard, Physica A 282, 536 (2000)]. Wealth condensation takes place in the social phase for closed and open economies, while it occurs in the liberal phase for super-open economies. In the first two cases, the condensation is related to a mechanism known from the balls-in-boxes model, while in the last case, to the nonintegrable tails of the Pareto distribution. For a closed macroeconomy in the social phase, we point to the emergence of a "corruption" phenomenon: a sizeable fraction of the total wealth is always amassed by a single individual.
Journal Article↗
Impact of metabolic genotypes on levels of biomarkers of genotoxic exposure.
Phase I and Phase II xenobiotic-metabolising enzyme families are involved in the metabolic activation and detoxification of various classes of environmental carcinogens. Particular genetic polymorphisms of these enzymes have been shown to influence individual cancer risk. A brief overview is presented about recent research of the relationship between metabolic genotypes and internal dose, biologically effective dose and cytogenetic effects of complex and specific genotoxic exposures of human study populations, and we report our new results from two molecular epidemiological studies. We investigated the effects of multiple interactions among CYP1A1 Ile462Val, CYP1A1 MspI, CYP1B1 Leu432Val, CYP2C9 Arg144Cys, CYP2C9 Ile359Leu, NQO1 Pro189Ser, GSTM1 gene deletion and GSTP1 Ile105Val genotypes on the levels of carcinogen-DNA adducts determined by (32)P-postlabelling and PAH-DNA immunoassay in peripheral blood lymphocytes from workers occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aluminium plants, and in bronchial tissue from smoking lung patients. A statistically significant positive linear correlation was observed between white blood cell aromatic DNA adduct and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPY) levels from potroom workers with GSTM1 null genotype (P=0.011). Our results suggest interactions between GSTM1 and GSTP1 alleles in modulation of urinary 1-OHPY levels and white blood cell DNA adduct levels in the PAH-exposed workers. Interactions between GSTM1 and GSTP1 alleles, in association with particular genotype combinations of CYPs, were also recognised in bronchial aromatic DNA adduct levels of smoking lung patients. The impact of single metabolic genotypes and their combinations on biomarkers of exposure was usually weak, if any, in both our studies and reports of the literature. The effect of special metabolic gene interactions may be better recognised if the compared groups of individuals are stratified for multiple potential modulators of the observable biomarker end-point, and/or if chemical structure-specific biomarker methods are applied.
Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases↗
Postischemic calmodulin gene expression in the rat hippocampus.
The hippocampal calmodulin (CaM) gene expression was determined in the rat after transient forebrain ischemia. Ischemia was induced by the 4-vessel occlusion model, and the hybridized mRNA copy numbers corresponding to the 3 CaM genes detected by phosphorimaging were determined by quantitative in situ hybridization 24 h post-insult. A small, but significant upregulation (by 8.8%) of the CaM I gene was observed in the CA1 pyramidal cell layer, whereas other regions exhibited a maintained or slightly decreased CaM gene expression. The CaM mRNA levels decreased most markedly (by 10-15%) in the hippocampal molecular layers. No consistent correlation was found between the ischemic vulnerability and the CaM gene expression pattern. The results indicate that the induction of delayed neuronal death is not incidental to the transcriptional activation of the CaM genes in the ischemic rat hippocampus in vivo. As the calcium-bound CaM content increases during the ischemic insult, downregulation of the CaM gene expression could be a homeostatic response aimed at maintaining the intracellular level of the active CaM pool.
Animals↗
[Role of the monocye-lymphocye system and of endogenous mediators in the severity of acute pancreatitis and in development of its septic complications].
The activity of monocyte/lymphocyte system and the splanchnic circulation was investigated in acute pancreatitis. The splanchnic blood flow was characterised indirectly by gastric intramucosal pH changes, which strongly correlated with APACHE-II score, and predicted the bad prognosis. The high CD14/HLA-DR and CD14/CD16 coexpression, the low TNF-alpha production proved to be unfavourable prognostic factor in the early phase of the disease. The expression of IL-2, IL-10 and moderately of IL-4 was elevated, but the expression of INF gamma did not show significant alteration. The thrombocyte aggregation decreased in the early phase. There are bad prognostic signs if its level remains constantly low and ATP-release increases. The activity and index of phagocytosis were higher in comparison with controls, but these parameters were not increasable with higher cell concentration. The ROI production increased, and the increase in the fMLP and o'zymosan indicated LDCL seems to be unfavourable prognostic sign, which well correlated with the APACHE-II score.
Acute Disease↗
PCR typing of human semen stains after SEM-EDX examination.
There is an increasing demand to use scanning electron microscopy in the forensic analysis of biological samples. Such analyses are routinely used for the investigation of blood stains, seminal stains, diatoms, residues on wounds and residues and trace elements in gunshot powder. The same samples are sometimes also required for identification via DNA analysis, e.g. blood stains, seminal stains or epidermal cells. The ionising radiation provokes damage to DNA and also to membrane and protein structure. The question therefore arises whether the usual sequence of such an investigation, i.e. prior application of SEM and afterwards analysis of DNA, can affect the success rate of the DNA analysis. We have therefore experimentally exposed semen samples to a defined electron beam for different time intervals varying between 1 and 25 min and afterwards performed quantitative and qualitative DNA analysis. Our studies revealed that sample treatment with an electron beam does not interfere with subsequent DNA typing by various currently used forensic PCR systems.
DNA↗
Increased myogenic tone in skeletal muscle arterioles of diabetic rats. Possible role of increased activity of smooth muscle Ca2+ channels and protein kinase C.
OBJECTIVE: The diabetes mellitus-induced microangiopathy is still not clearly characterized. In this study we aimed to elucidate the effect of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes on myogenic response of isolated rat skeletal muscle arterioles and the mechanisms responsible for its alterations. METHODS: Male rats were divided into two groups: (1) control rats (C, plasma glucose: 6.4 +/- 0.5 mmol/l, n = 40) (2) diabetic rats (DM, 65 mg/kg STZ i.v., plasma glucose: 25.7 +/- 0.7 mmol/l, n = 40). Changes in diameter of isolated, cannulated gracilis skeletal muscle arterioles (approximately 130 microns in diameter) were measured by video-microscopy. RESULTS: Step increases in perfusion pressure (PP; from 10 to 140 mmHg) elicited significantly greater constrictions in DM than in C gracilis arterioles, in the presence of the endothelium (E). Also, a step increase in PP (from 40 to 100 mmHg) elicited greater and faster constrictions in DM vs. C arterioles. There were no significant differences in the pressure-passive diameter (in Ca2+ free solution) curves of arterioles. Dilations to acetylcholine were impaired in arterioles of DM as compared to those of C rats (EC50, C: 4.0 +/- 0.9 x 10(-9) mol/l, DM: 4.8 +/- 2.0 x 10(-8) mol/l (p < 0.01), and unaffected by inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis with L-NNA (10(-4) mol/l). Arteriolar constrictions to norepinephrine (NE) were significantly greater in DM compared to those of C rats (EC50, C: 6.2 +/- 0.6 x 10(-7) mol/l, DM: 8.0 +/- 2.0 x 10(-8) mol/l, p < 0.01) both in the presence and absence of E. In the absence of the E, constrictions to increases in pressure, or Ca2+ (0.25-7.5 mmol/l), or the voltage-dependent Ca(2+)-channel agonist Bay K 8644 (EC50; DM: 4.2 +/- 1.5 x 10(-10) mol/l, C: 1.7 +/- 0.8 x 10(-9) mol/l, p < 0.05) or the protein kinase C activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, EC50; DM: 6 +/- 2 x 10(-9) mol/l, C: 2 +/- 1 x 10(-8) mol/l, p < 0.05) were significantly greater in arterioles of DM compared to those of C rats. CONCLUSION: The novel findings of our study are that in diabetes mellitus the myogenic response of rat skeletal muscle arterioles is enhanced, which seems to be independent from the impaired endothelial function present simultaneously, and likely due to the increased activity of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and/or upregulation of protein kinase C in arteriolar smooth muscle.
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
Correlations of eigenvectors for non-Hermitian random-matrix models.
We establish a general relation between the diagonal correlator of eigenvectors and the spectral Green's function for non-Hermitian random-matrix models in the large-N limit. We apply this result to a number of non-Hermitian random-matrix models and show that the outcome is in good agreement with numerical results.
Journal Article↗
Testicular biopsy helping assisted reproduction.
Authors have performed testis biopsy on 21 male patients according to the predesigned protocol. The biopsy has been carried out from scrotal excision, with the exposure of both testis with microsurgical method. The results have been evaluated according to the spermogram groups. Correlation of FSH values and histological appearance of both testis was analyzed. Their method and experiences have been evaluated the effectiveness of assisted reproduction.
Biopsy↗
Osteochondral resurfacing of the knee joint with allograft. Clinical analysis of 33 cases.
This retrospective clinical study describes three years of experience with cryoprotected-cryopreserved allograft transplantation. During this period 33 knee joints were operated on for different reasons including osteoarthritis, osteochondritis dissecans and post-traumatic surface irregularity. The mean follow-up was nearly two years and the mean age of the patients was 48 years. The grafts were harvested and processed at the West Hungarian Tissue Bank according to the criteria promulgated by the European Association of Tissue Banks. All the operations were performed in the same way. Three types of grafts were used: cylindrical or mushroom-shaped for the femoral condyle and patellar and shell allografts for resurfacing the tibial plateau. Bone matrix gelatine (BMG) and fibrin sealant (Tissucol) were used locally to enhance the revascularisation and to improve the decreased osteoinductivity of the frozen cancellous bone. According to the modified Bentley score, the success rate of the short term follow-up was similar to that of other reported series. An analysis of four biopsies showed that the BMG and fibrin sealant did not appear to affect the viability of the articular cartilage. We conclude that application of these materials is not contra-indicated in allograft surgery.
Adolescent↗
Non-surgical treatment of erectile dysfunction.
Authors survey the conservative treatment possibilities of erectile dysfunction. With the increase in interest, they estimate the new oral- and intracavernosal drugs, giving a review of their experiences with the treatment. A perspective prognosis is given of the important role of NO (nitric oxide) donors and PHD (phosphodiesterase) inhibitor drugs in the field of conservative therapy, while intracavernosal and intraurethral prostaglandin therapies are still important ingredients in the therapeutic arsenal, as is hormone substitution in indicated cases.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
Testicular sperm aspiration (first Hungarian results).
Authors summarize the first results with the use of spermatozoas retrieved with direct surgical method in intracytoplasmic injection in Hungary (1995-1997). Eighty-nine procedures were performed in 65 patients and 84 cases were successful. Out of 84 cases 23 clinical pregnancies could be achieved (27.3%). Thirteen children were born, including one case of twins and one triplets.
Cytoplasm↗
Macroscopic Universality: Why QCD in Matter is Subtle.
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Journal Article↗
[Application of human lyophilized spongiosa and bone matrix gelatin].
After a short historical survey authors summarise the histological processes of the replacement of allogen spongiosa. They compare the characteristics of the autologous and homologous bone. They review the technology of the preparation of the lyophylised spongiosa. They mention the bonematrix gelatin, bone morphogenetic protein and the fibrin sealant which increases the formers effectiveness. They demonstrate their cases, some of them in detail. They pointed out the good clinical results and suggest wider application and further investigation.
Accidents, Home↗
Our experience with testicular prosthesis implantation.
The authors survey the history of the testicular prosthesis implantations in Hungary. They summarize their experiences in the mirror of the results of their own cases. Authors establish that this operative procedure is very important for the young patients to the regeneration of the esthetic role of the testes, prevent the psychogenous complications, and set up again the so-called "man symbol function".
Adult↗
Effect of glimepiride on the electrical activity of isolated rabbit heart muscle.
The effect of glimepiride (CAS 93479-97-1) on the electrical threshold, conduction time, effective refractory period and automaticity of left atrium and right ventricle in the isolated rabbit heart was investigated and compared with those of chlorpropamide and glibenclamide. From the sulphonylureas investigated only glibenclamide diminished the electrical activity of rabbit heart muscle preparations. Chlorpropamide and glimepiride have a mild effect to change the basic parameters on the opposite direction. It seems that glimepiride does not have a significant effect on cardiac muscle in vitro.
Animals↗
Successful treatment of erectile disfunction with Fortisex coated tablets.
After a brief survey of treatment, possibilities of erectile dysfunction, the Authors describe their results with FORTISEX coated tablets playing an important role in the conservative therapy even in our days. Their results suggest that the primary advantage of the product appears in increasing the libido in sexual problems of psychic origin, but its secondary field of application is the minor improvement of erectile parameters of disfunctions of "mixed" history.
Adult↗
Concomitant incidence of fertility chance reducing varicocele and chromosome aberration.
Authors describe the case of a male patient with varicocele, oligozoospermatism and subfertility, a 46 XY t (8; 10) (q22; p15) balanced chromosome carrier. Following varicectomy, successful pregnancy has developed even with balanced translocation meaning only 50% fertility chance. Prenatal diagnostics by chorion biopsy showed a fetus of normal chromosome constellation. Authors call attention to the fact that even minor, step-by-step improvements in fertility chance may lead to success in multiple aberrations.
Adult↗