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Biomedical subjects

G Opelz

Publications and source records attributed to G Opelz.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Bone-marrow transplantation in acute leukaemia.

Survival in 33 patients with resistant leukaemia treated by marrow transplantation was compared with that of 37 matched patients treated by conventional and experimental chemotherapy. All patients in the transplant group were rendered free of detectable leukaemia for periods of from 36 days to more than 2 1/2 years, while only 6 patients in the chemotherapy group achieved a haematological remission. Overall survival in both groups was poor; however, 5 patients (15%) in the transplant group remain alive and in haematological remission 1--2 1/2 years after transplantation, while no patient in the chemotherapy group survived longer than 13 months. Bone-marrow transplantation appears to offer a small but distinct possibility of long-term survival in patients with acute leukaemia resistant to conventional therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Influence of sex on histocompatibility matching in renal transplantation.

Histocompatibility matching for the HLA-A and HLA-B loci specificities influenced the survival of cadaver kidney transplants in male recipients but not in female recipients. The correlation between HLA matching and transplant survival for a three-year follow-up period was highly significant for 3455 male recipients but not significant for 2007 female recipients. Since this effect was not dependent on the sex of the donor, a sex-associated histocompatibility antigen could not have been responsible. The reason why histocompatibility matching influences one sex and not the other is not known. The observation may have improtant practical consequences and may help to explain difficulties in establishing a strong correlation between HLA matching and cadaver transplant outcome.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1977

Sjögren's syndrome associated with HLA-Dw3.

Sjögren's syndrome is associated with a serologically defined histocompatibility antigen of the HLA-B locus, HLA-B8. Another closely linked locus, HLA-D, determines lymphocyte-defined cell-surface antigens. In laboratory animals such antigens are closely linked to immune response genes. To determine whether Sjögren's syndrome is primarily associated with an HLA-D antigent or with HLA-A and HLA-B antigens as well as HLA-Dw3, which is known to be in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-B8. We found the primary association of association of Sjögren's syndrome to be with HLA-Dw3, which we observed in 84 percent of patients with Sjögren's syndrome in the absence of rheumatoid arthritis as compared to 24 percent in controls (P less than 0.00001). The frequency of HLA-B8 and HLA-Dw3 in patients with both Sjögren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis did not differ from that in controls. Patients with Sjögren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis comprise genetically distinct groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effect of blood-group on relation between HLA match and outcome of cadaver kidney transplants.

In a series of 4998 cadaver kidney transplants the extent of HLA matching correlated with transplant outcome in patients with blood-groups other than O (non-O) but not in patients of blood-group O. The high survival-rate of poorly matched kidneys in O recipients was responsible for the lack of correlation between HLA matching and graft survival in these patients. Survival-rates of transplants with 4 HLA mismatches were 52 +/- 3% at one year in 222 O-to-O grafts compared with 24 +/- 5% in 65 B-to-B grafts (P less than 0.0001). In 2827 non-O patients, there was a strong correlation between HLA matching and graft survival (P less than 0.0001 at one year). One possible reason for the cancelling out of the effect of HLA mismatching in type-O recipients is that these patients waited longer on dialysis for a transplant and consequently received more blood-transfusions.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1977

Normal lymphocyte function in the presence of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol.

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC), the psychoactive component of marijuana, in concentrations of 0.6 X 10(-4) M to 10.6 X 10(-4) M, has no effect on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis of resting normal human lymphocytes or on their responses to phytohemagglutinin or to allogeneic lymphocytes.

DNA↗
PubMed1977

Experience with incompatible maternal donors for bone marrow transplantation.

Marrow transplantation in aplastic anemia and leukemia has generally been limited to siblings who have been histocompatible at both the serological (A and B) and lymphocyte determined (D or MLC) loci of the HLA system. We studied three male patients, two with aplastic anemia and one with acute myelogenous leukemia, who received transplants from their histoincompatible mothers. MLC studies between donors and recipients showed varying degrees of stimulation. Definite engraftment occurred in one patient and transient engraftment in another. Engraftment in the third patient could not be evaluated. In the patient with sustained engraftment, there was clinical evidence of severe graft versus host disease (GVHD) however, this was not substantiated by histologic findings. This preliminary study suggests that MLC incompatibility may be more of an indicator of the risk of GVHD than of bone marrow rejection. If more effective control of GVHD can be accomplished, marrow transplantation between MLC-reactive individuals may become feasible.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Characterization of functionally distinct lymphoid and myeloid cells from human blood and bone marrow. I. Separation by a buoyant density gradient technique.

A buoyant density gradient procedure for mammalian cell separation is described. Gradients of Ficoll and Hypaque in balanced salt solution were used in a zonal rotor to separate distinct leukocyte populations from human peripheral blood and bone marrow. This method possesses the advantages of uniform osmolarity, density determination by refractometry, ease of preparation of gradient solutions, large sample capacity, and low viscosity with consequent ease of sterilization. Granulocyte-monocyte colony-forming units (CFU-C) from blood and bone marrow banded as a homogeneous peak with a density of 1.056 g cm-3 on steep gradients. Recovery of CFU-C was 36% with a 7- to 9-fold enrichment on shallow gradients. Both fractionated and unfractionated peripheral blood cells were stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (Con A), and allogeneic lymphocytes. In contrast, cells from unfractionated bone marrow and cells from the light density fraction of marrow were inhibited by Con A and responded variably to PHA.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1977

Characterization of functionally distinct lymphoid and myeloid cells from human blood and bone marrow. II. Separation by velocity sedimentation.

Velocity sedimentation in a zonal rotor using gradients of uniform osmolarity was used to separate leukocyte subpopulations from human blood and bone marrow. The separations were performed at high sedimentation rates having the advantage of rapidity over conventional unit gravity separations. Myeloid stem cells (CFU-C) and cells reactive with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (Con A), and in mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) were separated and their sedimentation profiles obtained. CFU-C sedimented ahead of lymphoid cells and behind mature myeloid elements. Two distinct marrow subpopulations separated by velocity sedimentation were consistently stimulated by Con A, and variably stimulated by PHA and MLC reactions. Both large cells (predominantly myeloid) and small cells (predominantly lymphoid) from bone marrow were stimulated by Con A in [3H]thymidine incorporation assays. When separated subpopulations showing stimulation by Con A were mixed, inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation resulted.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1977

Relationship between leukemia antigens and stimulation in mixed leukocyte culture.

Leukemia cells from 13 of 27 patients stimulated lymphocytes of their HLA-identical siblings in mixed leukocyte cultures (MLC). Stimulation correlated with high background uptake of tritiated thymidine and high percentages of cells that stained with fluorescein-conjugated polyvalent goat antiserum against human immunoglobulin. Results were similar to those reported with fractionated autologous lymphocyte subpopulations in normal individuals. Investigation of leukemia-specific stimulation in MLC is therefore problematic.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1977

Significance of mixed leukocyte culture testing in cadaver kidney transplantation.

A significant correlation of kidney transplant outcome with the strength of mixed leukocyte culture stimulation was found in a series of 131 cadaver donor transplants. Graft survival rates in patients whose cultures with donor cells resulted in less than 20,000 cpm were statistically significantly better than those in patients with greater than 20,000 cpm (at 6 months and 1 year P less than 0.001). Cultures of recipient with normal control lymphocytes also correlated with clinical outcome, albeit to a somewhat lesser degree. Bidirectional cultures gave a slightly better correlation than unidirectional cultures. Whether the patient's plasma contained factors that blocked the mixed leukocyte culture reaction or not was not found to have a significant effect on transplant outcome.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1977

HLA matching and cadaver kidney transplant survival in North America: influence of center variation and presensitization.

In an analysis of 4,851 first cadaver kidney transplants, we found a statistically highly significant correlation between the number of HLA antigens mismatched and graft survival (P less than 0.0005 at 1 year). The difference in the survival rates of grafts with no HLA mismatch compared with grafts with four mismatches was 11 to 12%, similar to results of previous analyses. HLA-A locus antigens had a slightly stronger effect than B locus antigens. The correlation of HLA matching with graft survival was most significant at centers with poor overall transplant outcome, and there was no correlation at centers with very good overall results. Presensitization also had the strongest effect at centers with poor overall graft survival.

Cadaver↗