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Biomedical subjects

G Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to G Nielsen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Arteriovenous malformations as a cause of congestive heart failure in the newborn and infant. Three cases with different haemodynamic mechanisms.

Three cases of congestive heart failure are presented caused by a cerebral arteriovenous aneurysm, a pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysm and a placental angioma respectively. Such conditions should be borne in mind in otherwise unexplained heart failure in the neonatal period and in infants. The haemodynamic influence of the malformation depends on its anatomy, giving rise to various clinical pictures.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1983

Transcutaneous PO2 monitoring during treatment with continuous positive airway pressure in infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

During a 20-month period, 20 infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) when they required at least 40% inspired oxygen. The infants were allocated to monitoring with either repeated blood-gas determinations according to the usual practice or continuous transcutaneous PO2 measurements supplemented by blood-gas measurements only when judged necessary. The groups were comparable with regard to birth weight and gestational age, and did not differ significantly with regard to effectiveness or duration of the CPAP treatment, survival rates (90 versus 80%) or number of complications. None developed retrolental fibroplasia. However, PtcO2 monitoring resulted in significantly less hypo- and hyperoxaemia and the number of blood-gas analyses performed during CPAP therapy amounted to only 0.6 per infant per day in the transcutaneously monitored group as against 5.3 in the other group. We propose that PtcO2 monitoring should now be the method of choice and that the use of umbilical artery catheterization should be restricted to selected groups of very low birth-weight infants and to infants in need of ventilator therapy.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1982

Transcutaneous versus arterial oxygen tension during exercise in chronic pulmonary disease.

Simultaneous transcutaneous (Ptc O2) and arterial (Pa O2) oxygen tension measurements were obtained at rest and during exercise in 15 subjects with known or suspected chronic lung disease. The overall correlation coefficient between Ptc O2 and Pa O2 was 0 . 74, and the mean difference between the two variables was -1 . 9 kPa (14mmHg). The correlation coefficient was somewhat, but not significantly, higher during exercise (r = 0 . 86) than at rest (r = 0 . 58). Large random discrepancies between simultaneous observations of Ptc O2 and Pa O2 as well as between changes in Ptc O2 and changes in Pa O2 in individual subjects were observed. It is concluded that Ptc O2 cannot be substituted for Pa O2 in exercise testing applied in the diagnosis and assessment of lung disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pulmonary atresia and transposition of the great arteries. Monitoring of the transcutaneous oxygen tension during palliative measures in two cases.

Congenital malformations of the heart may disturb the central circulation fundamentally. Two such conditions can be treated palliatively in the neonatal period. In pulmonary atresia patency of the ductus arterious of Botallo can be maintained by administration of prostaglandin E1, and in transposition of the great arteries an atrial septal defect can be created by balloon septostomy. We report 2 cases, where transcutaneous PO2 was recorded while these procedures were carried out. In both cases we obtained immediate information of the effect of the procedures, and subsequent treatment could be modified continuously according to changes in the transcutaneous PO2.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Electron microscopical particle counting in virology. III. Parameters governing the efficiency of sedimentation techniques and its improvement with the application of poly-L-lysine.

In the preceding study the degree of adsorption of virus to electron microscope grids has been shown to be an important parameter governing the efficiency of sedimentation techniques used for particle counting. In the present study the application of poly-L-lysine not only improves the binding ability but makes it more reproducible. In addition the distribution of adsorbed particles between grid bars and holes is characterized and its importance as an additional parameter for such techniques discussed. For accurate particle titre estimation and for assessing the efficiencies of sedimentation techniques in virus diagnostics the product of these parameters represents a correction factor which must be taken into consideration. Furthermore it could be demonstrated, using the technique here described over the surface of a poly-L-lysine treated grid after drying. This phenomenon makes possible the estimation of a titre through particle counting on gravimetrically determined volumes.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1977

[Maridi haemorrhgic fever: a new viral disease (author's transl)].

A new viral disease (Maridi haemorrhagic fever) occurred in the South Sudan in 1976. It was obviously identical with an epidemic which occurred at the same time in Zaire. The virus is morpologically closely similar to the Marburg virus. During the Maridi epemic 124 of 238 patients died (52%). Characteristic symptoms were fever and headache (100%), diarrhoea (83%), retrosternal pain (82%), vomiting (68%), haemorrhages (62%), morbilliform or vesicular rash (52%). At post-mortem there were changes in liver, kidney, myocardium and lungs, similar to those in the Marburg virus disease, as were those observed in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Despite these analagous findings, the clinical course and results of immunofluorescence indicate that it is a new disease. The epidemic ended after suitable isolation measures had been taken. There was no specific treatment but in some cases convalescent plasma and interferon were tried. The disease is transmitted among humans by direct contact or by contact with blood or excreta of patients. No animal reservoir has been found. It is possible for this disease to be imported also into countries with a modorate climate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

In vitro studies on normal, stimulated and immunologically activated mouse macrophages. II. Degradation of radioactive antigen/antibody complexes.

Radioactive antigen/antibody complexes are degraded to a greater extent by PE macrophages from C3H, CBA and C57Bl mice injected intraperitoneally with proteose-peptone (stimulated macrophages) and T.A.B. vaccine than by PE macrophages from normal mice and mice immunized with BCG (activated macrophages). On the other hand, spleen macrophages from mice immunized with BCG had a greater digestive capacity than macrophages from mice injected with proteose-peptone or T.A.B. vaccine or from normal mice. Thus, activated macrophages are capable of degrading antigen/antibody complexes, provided that the cells are harvested from one of the foci of BCG infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effect of Rauscher and Moloney leukaemia virus on amyloid development in casein-treated CBA mice.

Infection of adult CBA mice with Rauscher or Moloney leukaemia virus concomitantly with caseination significantly accelerated spleen amyloid development in irradiated, bone-marrow protected mice, but had no effect on untreated, adult thymectomized or thymectomized irradiated mice. Spleen tissue of mice infected with Moloney virus had the highest titre in the mice with accelerated amyloid development.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1975

Microflora and invert sugars in juice from healthy tissue of stored sugarbeets.

Bacterial populations increased in juice of healthy tissue of sugarbeet roots stored at 5 C. Average counts showed a sixfold increase after 150 days of storage. Invert sugar levels increased over threefold in "American 4 Hybrid A" and remained fairly constant in "Mono-Hy D-2." The former cultivar also had significantly higher bacterial colony counts than the latter before 90 days of storage. Of 36 isolates identified, 16 were Pseudomonas spp. including P. chlororaphis; 6 Bacillus spp. including B. subtilis; 5 Arthrobacter spp. including A. globiformis; 4 yeasts; 2 Erwinia spp; 2 Flavobacterium spp. including F. aquatile; and Streptomyces longisporus. Isolates of all genera except S. longisporus were able to hydrolyze sucrose in vitro.

Arthrobacter↗