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Biomedical subjects

G Muller

Publications and source records attributed to G Muller.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Uncomplicated pregnancies following recovery from acute pregnancy-related hepatic steatosis].

The authors report the case of a patient with acute yellow atrophy of the liver who subsequently had two uncomplicated pregnancies bringing the total number to 8 cases already published in the literature. After reviewing the diagnostic criteria, they discuss the risk of recurrence, considering the course of the illness, clinical, histological, and physiopathological features. The present risk of recurrence of AYAL must be considered to be very low.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Diabetes and pregnancy: our experience with the insulin pump].

The author describes a retrospective study on the use of the insulin pump or continuous sub-cutaneous insulin injection in 12 insulin-dependent diabetic women during the last six months of pregnancy. Use was found to be easy and the control of glycemia was significantly better (m = 5.81 mmol/l with continuous subcutaneous insulin injection as opposed to 7.66 before continuous sub-cutaneous insulin injection, p less than 0.01) than with the standard treatment of 3 discontinuous insulin injections. Although not significant, the number of episodes of hyperglycemia was found to be lower. However, no reduction in hypoglycemia was noted. Maternal complications were rare and the children did not present any serious abnormalities. The results encourage the use of the insulin pump with all insulin-dependent diabetics right from the onset of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Disseminated lupus erythematosus and pregnancy. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of second pregnancy in a woman with dermatologically active disseminated lupus erythematosus which was well stabilised on steroid therapy. They stress the need for repeated assays of the complement C3 and C4 fractions and the antinuclear and anti-native DNA antibodies and careful monitoring of the renal function in order to be able to assess the activity of the disease and to evaluate the effectiveness of steroid treatment, which may even be modified on the basis of these parameters. Independent of the degree of visceral involvement, pregnancy in a woman with lupus is always a high risk pregnancy, for the mother, for the foetus in utero and for the neonate, which must be investigated for the presence of transmitted lupus, atrio-ventricular block or even familial lupus, which may not present until later.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Immunity and protection against influenza virus by synthetic peptide corresponding to antigenic sites of hemagglutinin.

Four peptides have been synthesized, corresponding to different regions of the H3 influenza hemagglutinin, that are related to antigenic sites "A" and "B" of the molecule. The peptides consisted of the following sequences: 139-146, which forms the "loop" in the native hemagglutinin molecule, with either glycine or aspartic acid at position 144; 147-164, which contains part of antigenic determinant "B"; and 138-164, which comprises both the loop and the area 147-164. The peptides were conjugated to tetanus toxoid and used for immunization of rabbits and mice. All four conjugates elicited an immune response against the homologous peptides, but only the peptides 138-164 and 147-164 gave rise to antibodies that recognized and bound to the intact virus. Protection of mice against challenge infection with A/Eng/42/72 virus was achieved only by immunization with the conjugate (138-164)-TT, which led to partial protective effect. These data emphasize the role of molecular structure in determining the antigenic properties of synthetic peptides and indicate that the length of the peptide could be crucial for enforcing the right folding required to mimic the native structure.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Pathogenesis of bacteriuria in elderly women: the role of Escherichia coli adherence to vaginal epithelial cells.

In vitro Escherichia coli adherence to exfoliated epithelial cells obtained from a group of elderly women was compared with adherence values in young healthy women in an attempt to define the role of adherence as an independent host risk factor for the acquisition of bacteriuria. Utilizing four uropathogenic strains of E. coli possessing differing fimbrial adherence mechanisms, no evidence was found of increased adherence receptivity of vaginal epithelial cells for bacteria in elderly women. In contrast, there was evidence of significantly reduced attachment of two of four strains in the elderly women (p less than .02). Based upon preliminary studies using four E. coli strains, susceptibility to bacterial adherence does not appear to be a mechanism responsible for the increased frequency of E. coli bacteriuria in elderly women.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ketoconazole in the prevention of experimental candidal vaginitis.

The prophylactic and therapeutic activities of ketoconazole were evaluated in rats inoculated intravaginally with Candida albicans. Daily doses of 2.5 mg/kg initiated 48 h before challenge and continued for 48 h thereafter protected 80% of the rats against infection. A similar result in rats with established infection was attained with daily doses of 5.0 mg/kg.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of itraconazole and ketoconazole in the treatment of experimental candidal vaginitis.

Comparison of itraconazole (R51,211) and ketoconazole in the treatment of experimental candidal vaginitis in rats on schedules of 3 and 5 days revealed significantly superior results with itraconazole at all dosages (1.0 to 7.5 mg/kg) studied, but was particularly evident at 1.0 and 2.5 mg/kg. A single 25-mg/kg dose of itraconazole was as effective as 5 daily 5-mg/kg doses of itraconazole.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Critical role of germ tube formation in the pathogenesis of candidal vaginitis.

A variant strain of Candida albicans incapable of hyphal production at 37 degrees C was used to study the role of germ tube formation in the pathogenesis of experimental vaginal candidiasis in rats. No difference was observed in the in vitro adherence at 25 degrees C of blastoconidia of the variant strain to vaginal epithelial cells when compared with the parent wild-type, germ tube-producing strain and multiple clinical isolates of C. albicans. However, after exposure to conditions favoring germ tube production, the adherence of the variant strain to epithelial cells was significantly less than that of germinated strains (P less than 0.01). In vivo animal studies revealed that the variant strain was less likely to result in vaginal colonization and infection than the wild-type strain and the other clinical isolates. Furthermore, infection, when established, was milder, often transient, and with significantly lower titers of cultured vaginal microorganisms obtained by lavage. Electron microscopic studies confirmed the failure of the variant strain to produce hyphae in vivo. The capacity of C. albicans to produce hyphae appears to be an important but nonessential virulence factor in the pathogenesis of candidal vaginitis.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1984

Prognostic factors in nonunion of the tibia: an evaluation of 185 cases treated with constant direct current.

The present series represents a retrospective clinical study of 185 cases of nonunion of the tibia. The severity of the injury was important in the development of the nonunion. Primary closure of open injuries was noted to be dangerous and resulted in high incidence of infection, 27 of 37 cases. The distal third of the tibia was the most frequent site of the nonunion. One of the most striking findings in this study was a high incidence (92.4%) of patients presenting with initial delay to weight bearing of greater than 6 weeks. The authors feel that this is a definite contributory factor in the development of nonunion of the tibia.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of ketoconazole, Bay N7133, and Bay L9139 in the treatment of experimental vaginal candidiasis.

The efficacies of ketoconazole and two new imidazole preparations, Bay N7133 and Bay L9139, were compared in a rat model of experimental candida vaginitis. With a dosage regimen of 10 mg/kg by gavage for 5 days, the cure rate for ketoconazole was 96% as compared with rates of 23 and 29% for Bay N7133 and Bay L9139, respectively (P less than 0.001). Follow-up vaginal cultures at 30 days revealed a relapse in only 1 of 27 rats treated with ketoconazole. Our subsequent experiment in which ketoconazole regimens of 10 mg/kg were compared with Bay N7133 and Bay L9139 regimens of 25 mg/kg demonstrated cure rates of 100, 15, and 82% for the respective agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Preventive hemodialysis using a bath rich in bicarbonates in a pregnant woman with chronic kidney failure].

Patients with chronic renal failure requiring maintenance hemodialysis at the end of pregnancy are not as uncommon as pregnant women previously treated by this therapy. Prophylactic bicarbonate hemodialysis may allow the continuation of pregnancy until delivery of living baby. We report a 22 year old woman with chronic renal failure due to pyelonephritis secondary to bilateral reflux. Hypertension, metabolic acidosis and hydramnios happened at the 13th week (creatinine clearance 16 ml/min). Thirteen bicarbonate hemodialysis periods were necessary up to the 34th week when delivery by cesarean section was achieved giving birth to a 1500 g hypotrophic boy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Some variables of the craniofacial complex in a Venezuelan population of Negroid ancestry.

A total of 226 individuals (101 males and 125 females), from La Sabana, a Venezuelan Negroid isolate, with ages between 8 and 60 years, were studied in order to characterize the population for its craniofacial variables and to study the behavior of these variables in relation to age and sex. The variables studied were grouped in three categories: direct cephalometric variables, which included 6 measurements taken directly on the individuals; indirect cephalometric variables, which included 18 measurements (9 angular and 9 linear), taken on lateral head films; and dental variables, which included 9 measurements taken from dental models. In general the direct variables showed the lowest coefficients of variation (CV), suggesting homogeneity within this sample. They were followed by the dental and the indirect variables, which had the highest CV values. In order to detect age and sex effects on the variables, sex and age group comparisons were performed with Student t tests. A greater proportion of significant differences were found among the direct variables, indicating that age and sex have more influence on this group of variables than upon the other two. Comparisons of our sample from La Sabana, with samples from African Negroid, Caucasoid, and Amerindian population show that La Sabana individuals have a craniofacial pattern basically Negroid, as we expected, although some contribution from Caucasoides and especially Amerindians is also suggested in our data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cyclopia with trisomy 13 under special consideration of dermatoglyphics and flexion creases.

Report on a case of cyclopia with trisomy 13 (Patau-syndrome with cyclopia completa microphthalmica) and survey of relevant cases published in literature are presented. In addition to a combination of dermatoglyphic patterns and flexion creases typical for trisomy 13, some--so far not described--varieties are shown, above all a missing triradius d on the left and additional digital flexion creases on three phalanges. The possibility that the last mentioned observation might rather be due to population differences is discussed.

Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid↗
PubMed1981

Circadian rhythm in pineal N-acetyltransferase activity: phase shifting by light pulses (I).

N-Acetyltransferase activity (NAT) in the pineal gland has a circadian rhythm which is responsive to environmental light-dark cycles. The rhythm entrains to (synchronizes with or is phased by) light-dark cycles. To assess the means by which phase resetting is accomplished, the phase response of the pineal NAT rhythm to light pulses was examined using chicks (Gallus domesticus). When 4-h light pulses were imposed on chicks at intervals over a 24-h period of darkness and the time of the next rise in NAT was determined in darkness, it was found that: (1) pulses early in the subjective dark time delayed the rise in NAT, (2) pulses late in the subjective dark time advanced the rise in NAT, and (3) pulses in the subjective light time were relatively ineffective. These results are typical of a circadian phase response curve and show that an enzyme with a circadian rhythm is similar to other circadian rhythms studied.

Acetyltransferases↗