Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Moser

Publications and source records attributed to G Moser.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Light and electron microscopic appearance of rat peritoneal mast cells adhering to schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni by means of complement or antibody.

Metrizamide-gradient purified rat peritoneal mast cells were allowed to adhere to schistosomula of S. mansoni that had been preincubated in either minimum essential medium with 5% fetal calf serum (MEM/FCS), heat-inactivated serum from rats 8 weeks after cercarial infection (IRS) fresh normal rat serum as a source of complement (NRS), or IRS and NRS. Adherence was evaluated in sections 0.3 micrometers thick. The preincubation conditions favoring cell adherence were IRS + NRS greater than NRS greater than IRS greater than MEM/FCS. Greater adherence was seen at 60 min than at 10 min. Discharge of mast cell granulates was seen infrequently, was not greater in adherent than nonadherent cells, was not increased by any preincubation condition, and did not occur against the parasite's surface, as would be expected if antigen, antibody, and surface receptors were aggregated there. Electron microscopic examination showed that attachment to the parasite occurred through electron-dense material which was usually fibrillar in appearance. Membrane fusion, such as is seen between human neutrophils and schistosomula, did not occur.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Studies of the antibody-dependent killing of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni employing haptenic target antigens. II. In vitro killing of TNP-schistosomula by human eosinophils and neutrophils.

Purified human eosinophils and neutrophils were compared for their capacity to mediate anti-TNP antibody-dependent killing of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni surface labeled with TNBS. In contrast with findings from studies employing human anti-schistosome sera and unmodified larvae, neutrophils in addition to eosinophils were found to be potent killers of schistosomula. Indeed, neutrophils proved to be consistently more effective than eosinophils in killing haptenated larvae throughout the dose response of each of the components (i.e., the TNBS surface label, rabbit anti-TNP sera and cells) of the in vitro reaction. The capacity of neutrophils to kill haptenated parasites is not likely to be due to the use of rabbit antibodies in the assays, since these cells were ineffective in killing unlabeled schistosomula when either rabbit or human anti-schistosome sera were employed. Furthermore, the ability of neutrophils to destroy TNP-labeled schistosomula does not appear to result from sublethal damage induced by the labeling procedure, since haptenated parasites were found to be no more susceptible than unmodified worms to killing mediated by anti-schistosome sera plus eosinophils or complement and, like unlabeled parasites, could not be killed by anti-schistosome sera plus neutrophils. The lethal interaction of neutrophils and haptenated schistosomula was preceded by a rapid and marked adherence of the cells to the worms, an effect that was not observed in the nonlethal interaction of neutrophils with schistosomula induced by anti-schistosome sera. The results argue, therefore, that the capacity of different granulocyte populations to kill schistosomula may be determined by the kinetics and intensity with which the effector cells adhere to the parasites. The findings further suggest that a key factor influencing the differential adherence of the cells to the parasites and their subsequent death may be the nature of the specific antigen-antibody interaction occurring at the surface of the larvae.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Detection of postoperative deep venous thromboses].

In 227 patients undergoing abdominal surgery, a Doppler ultrasonic examination to measure venous stop flow pressure and a 125I-fibrinogen test were systematically performed in order to detect postoperative deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs (DVT). The 125I-fibrinogen test was abnormal in 19 patients in whom venography showed DVT in 18 cases (16 calf DVT and 2 femoral DVT). Five pulmonary embolisms were detected by lung scanning: lower limb venography was normal in one patient, calf DVT was found in 2 and femoral DVT in the last 2 patients. Among the 18 DVT, measurement of venous stop flow pressure by Doppler technique was abnormal in 4 cases including the 2 femoral DVT. This study confirms the value of the 125I-fibrinogen test in detecting asymptomatic postoperative DVT. The Doppler method serves to detect clinically symptomatic DVT with extension above the knee.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Studies of the antibody-dependent killing of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni employing haptenic target antigens. I. Evidence that the loss in susceptibility to immune damage undergone by developing schistosomula involves a change unrelated to the masking of parasite antigens by host molecules.

A method was developed for coupling a hapten, trinitrophenyl (TNP), to the surface of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni which results in a minimal loss in their viability as judged by morphological examination in vitro and survival after injection in vivo. Skin-stage (3-h-old) and lung-stage (5-d-old) schistosomula surface labeled in this manner were then compared for their susceptibility to killing by anti-TNP antibody-dependent effector mechanisms both in vivo and in vitro. TNP skin-stage larvae were readily rejected in mice actively immunized against TNP bovine gamma globulin and were highly susceptible to anti-TNP-dependent killing mediated either by complement or purified human eosinophils in vitro. In contrast, TNP-lung-stage schistosomula, which were shown by microfluorimetry to bind anti-TNP antibody to approximately the same extent as skin-stage schistosomula, were found to be resistant to killing by the same in vivo and in vitro mechanisms. These findings suggest that the insusceptibility of postskin-stage schistosomula to antibody-dependent killing must result at least in part from an intrinsic structural change in the integument of the parasite and cannot be caused solely by the masking of parasite antigens by acquired host molecules, a mechanism of immune evasion previously proposed for schistosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Appendicular peritonitis: comparative study of antibiotic therapy and a topical bactericidal agent].

Fifty four patients operated on for appendicular peritonitis where randomly divided. In the first group intravenous Dalacin C and Spectacilline were given during five days postoperatively; in the second, Taurolin, a bactericid, was administered by intraperitoneal route. There was a statistical difference in either treatment, neither on intraperitoneal nor parietal septic complications. The use and way of prophylactic antibiotic administration are discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1980

[Prevention of deep venous thrombosis (TVP) and pulmonary embolism. Comparison of heparin (3 x 5000 IU/day), heparin (2 x 5000 IU/day) + 0.5 mg dihydroergot, and physiotherapy (intermittent compression stockings + physical exercise). Value of Doppler diagnosis in systematic detection of TVP compared with phlebography and scanning of the legs using labelled fibrinogen].

We compared the protective value of the above treatments in 227 randomised patients. Investigations in each patient included pulmonary scanning before and after operation, repeated postoperative Doppler and radioactive limb scanning completed by phlebography to confirm positive results. The heparin DHE group and the "physiotherapic" group each totalized 76 patients and the heparin group 75. These comparable groups show that HDHE and heparin prophylaxis are identical; but physiotherapy is perhaps better. Compared with phlebography leg scanning sensitivity is 95%, whilst it's specificity is 99%. Doppler sensitivity is only of 21%, whilst it's specificity is 95%. In conclusion, "physiotherapic" prophylaxis, including Flowtron, is as effective as heparin alone. Doses of heparin may be reduced, without loss of effect, if supplemented by a veinoconstrictive agent as DHE. The low Doppler sensitivity contraindicates its use in asymptomatic DVT detection.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Esophageal leiomyomas. Apropos of 16 cases].

16 cases of oesophageal leiomyomas are reported; diagnostic difficulties and important surgical consequences are discussed. The surgical procedures must be as soon as possible, and should be enucleation of the lesion. The results are excellent. In three cases postoperative oesophageal spasms and retrosternal pains needed secondary medical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Training possibilities for surgical interns].

Two questionnaires were prepared and adressed to interns in all surgery clinics in Switzerland. They trend to determine opinions on the actual formation in surgery. The results appears that, if a good formation may be obtained, the "postgraduate" has to be considered nowadays as the forgotten child in the hospitals. Important effort must be envisaged, to ameliorate the structuration of the post-graduate teaching, between and in the hospitals, but also to determine ways to inspect his quality.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Sociological studies in acne vulgaris. 2. Effect of the disease on the evaluation of clinical picture and motivation for therapy].

A questionnaire was presented to 2009 18--19 year old recruitment candidates. The questionnaire enabled appraisal of antipathy towards patients with severe acne vulgaris and the occupational inpediment of severe acne. It was shown in comparison of patients with clinically relevant acne and healthy subjects or patients with a minor variant of acne that acne patients are more prepared to tolerate other acne patients than are healthy subjects. A questionnaire which enabled appraisal of attitudes to therapy was presented in addition to 351 patients with clinically relevant acne in this collective. The schools attended were also recorded in these patients. It was shown that the motivation to undergo treatment can be assumed in only half of the acne patients; this motivation is less the more radical the therapy. However, the motivation is greater the higher the educational level of the person questioned.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1978

[Sociologic studies in acne vulgaris. 1. Disease significance of acne vulgaris].

A questionnaire was presented to 2009 18--19 year old military recruitment candidates which enabled assessment of antipathy towards patients with severe acne vulgaris, the occupational handicap associated with severe acne and subjective inhibitions in acne patients. In addition, these persons were examined clinically with regard to presence of acne vulgaris. Finally, the level of education of the persons questioned was determined. The investigations show that severe acne has an appreciable disease rating. This results from antipathy of other people, the occupational inpediment and the psychological inhibitions of the acne patient. This disease rating appears to be objectively greater the lower the level of education of the acne patient. The disease rating does not appear to be entirely clear to the acne patient with a low level of education.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1978

[Audiological evaluation of ototoxicity in gentamycin-treated children (author's transl)].

Audiological evaluation was performed on 36 children who had been treated with gentamycin for severe infections of the urinary tract and/or of the bronchopulmonary system. An average of three years had elapsed between medication and audiological testings. Only one child showed a slight degree of symmetrical sensoneural hearing loss in the high frequency range.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Primary stenosing cholangitis].

Five cases of sclerosing cholangitis are recorded from 3697 biliary operations. Two patients had a cancerous course and 1 associated ulcerative colitis. The first two cases could be classified as primary sclerosing cholangitis. They are described. The pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment of this affection are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗