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Biomedical subjects

G Moreno

Publications and source records attributed to G Moreno.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical bovine mastitis in Brazil.

A total of 127 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from milk samples of cows with subclinical bovine mastitis was examined for biotype, phage pattern, in-vitro antibiotic susceptibilities and ability to produce enterotoxins. The majority of the strains showed features consistent with bovine rather than human origin. All strains were sensitive to the antibiotics tested, except penicillin and streptomycin. Enterotoxigenicity was observed in 6 (4.7%) strains and only enterotoxins A and C were produced.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from animal and human sources in Brazil.

The susceptibilities of 760 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from animal infections (400), human infections (300) and healthy human carriers (60) to seven antibiotics were determined by an agar dilution technique. The isolates from human infections were more resistant to a wider spectrum of antibiotics than were the strains from animal infections and healthy human carriers. Amikacin and gentamicin were the most active drugs against all groups of strains.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laryngeal tuberculosis: study of 11 cases].

We report 11 patients with laryngeal tuberculosis seen in our hospital, January 1990 to July 2000. Eight were men and all cases presented with dysphonia and/or disphagia. In 8 pulmonary tuberculosis was associated. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from the sputum in 7 patients. Granulomatous laryngitis was demonstrated in the eight patients with laryngeal biopsy. The evolution with medical treatment was favourable in all patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Na(+):K(+):ATPase mRNA expression in the kidney during adaptation to sodium intake and furosemide treatment.

Nephron tubular epithelium possesses the capacity of adaptation to any salt ingestion condition. The mechanism of adaptation is due in part to an increase in the activity of Na(+):K(+):ATPase at the basolateral membrane. The goal of the present study was to analyze the long-term regulation of the Na(+):K(+):ATPase alpha(1)-subunit mRNA expression during changes in NaCl metabolism. Male Wistar rats given a normal, high, or low NaCl diet, and intraperitoneal administration of the loop diuretic furosemide from 12 h to 7 days were studied. Rats were kept in metabolic cages 4 days before and throughout the study to determine daily urinary electrolyte excretion and osmolarity. At the end of each experimental period, creatinine clearance and serum electrolytes were also measured. Total RNA was extracted from each individual cortex or outer medulla and from pooled inner medullas using the guanidine/cesium chloride method. Na(+):K(+):ATPase alpha(1)-subunit mRNA expression was assessed by nonradioactive dot-blot analysis. Experimental maneuvers were well tolerated and all groups developed the appropriate renal response to each experimental condition. Urinary sodium excretion was significantly higher in rats administered a high sodium diet or furosemide and lower in rats treated with a low sodium diet after 7 days of treatment. Glomerular filtration rate was similar among all groups. However, the level of expression of the Na(+):K(+):ATPase alpha(1)-subunit did not change in any model. Nephron adaptation to the modification in NaCl intake or furosemide administration over 7 days did not include changes in Na(+):K(+):ATPase alpha(1)-subunit mRNA levels.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT in local recurrence of rectal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effectiveness of CT in detecting the recurrence of rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of a postoperative follow-up protocol, periodic CT examinations were performed on 67 patients who had had potentially curative surgery for rectal carcinoma. Retrospectively we evaluated the CT of these patients. In 21 patients there was local tumoral recurrence, which was detected by CT in 15. We classified the patients into two groups according to the surgical technique employed: anterior resection (AR) or abdominoperineal resection (APR). RESULTS: The sensitivity of CT for the diagnosis of local recurrence was greater in patients with APR (12/13; S = 92%) than in those with AR (3/8; S = 37%). In each group there was one false-positive result--thus both groups showed a similar specificity (94% in APR and 96% in AR). In the APR group, 38% of the recurrences (5/13) were detected initially by CT. Computed tomography was not the first diagnostic test in any of the recurrences after AR. CONCLUSION: On the basis of these results, we think that CT is a good diagnostic test for local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer and APR.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preliminary study of the in vitro activity of irloxacin against mycobacteria.

Today Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis multidrug resistance are responsible for frequent and severe infections in humans and especially in AIDS patients. Irloxacin is a new quinolone derivative, and shows greater activity with an acid pH. It has a good in vitro antimicrobial spectrum against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. We have compared the in vitro activity of irloxacin against mycobacteria (20 M. tuberculosis, 17 M. avium, 5 Mycobacterium bovis, 5 Mycobacterium chelonae, 5 Mycobacterium fortuitum and 1 Mycobacterium gadium) using the Bactec at pH 6.8 and 5.0, with other quinolones (ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin and 27753 RP). All quinolones tested showed good activity against mycobacteria at pH 6.8 and 5.0. Irloxacin at pH 5.0 had a greater activity against M. avium.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the gastrocolic space in 100 cases of acute pancreatitis (author's transl)].

From 152 cases of acute pancreatitis treated at the intensive care unit of the Hospital General de México, the authors selected 100 in which they found radiological evidence of acute pancreatitis in fact to correlate those signs lonely or associated and to investigate their frecuency. The fundamental radiological signs found by the authors were: 1. Gastrocolic separation in simple abdominal X-ray film. 2. Sign of colon interrupted. 3. Centinel handle. 4. Stomach displaced, and 5. Generalized peritoneal reaction. The authors concluded that the simple abdominal X-ray film is of great aid because its positiveness in 90% cases. This is the first time in which the mentioned signs are shown statistically. In this paper are presented illustrative outlines and different X-ray films of clinical cases confirmed by surgery or post-mortem examination. It is enfatized the value of the gastrocolic separation in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Techniques of bariatric surgery: analysis of 78 cases].

OBJECTIVES: Bariatric surgery has demonstrated its efficacy in weight loss and in reducing the comorbidities in the morbid obesity patient. The objectives of this study were to analyze the effectiveness and complication of the Scopinaro and gastric bypass techniques as well as the results from open surgery verses laparoscopy. DESIGN: Retrospective study from 1999-2005. SUBJECT AND METHODS: 78 patients with morbid obesity were operated. 50 patients underwent open surgery and 28 underwent laparoscopy. Gastric bypass was performed in 54 patients, Scopinaro was performed in 20 patients and Vertical Banded Gastroplasty (VBG) was performed in 3 patients. The follow up time was between 6 and 60 months. The results obtained with Scopinaro and gastric bypass were compared as well as the results from open surgery verses laparoscopy. RESULTS: The percentage of patients with a percent of excess weight loss under 50% in two years was of 5% and 13%, and the excess weight loss over 75% was of 55% ad 40% in the gastric bypass and the Scopinaro technique respectively. All the comorbidities improved. The average stay was decreased in the case of laparoscopy. The non-nutritional complications were increased for most cases in open surgery with the emphasis in eventrations, infections of the wound and respiratory complications. The nutritional complications were superior with Scopinaro's technique. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our study, we would recommend the performance of gastric bypass for laparoscopy due to the reduced average stay and less nutritional and surgical complications. The literature results vary and therefore we consider necessary further control and random studies to correctly establish these comparisons.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antimicrobial drugs in poultry nutrition: resistance levels in Escherichia coli].

In a battery experiment, a hundred of day old broiler chicks (Hubbard) divided into ten groups, were fed for eight weeks with 50, 75 or 100mg/Kg of ration of chloramphenicol and tetraciclyne; 40, 80 or 120mg/ 2 liters of drinking water of nitrofurazone. During three months defecated feces from each bird were sampled and analysed at intervals of 15 days for the isolation of Escherichia coli strains which were submitted to the determination of drug resistance. The results showed that utilization of antimicrobial drugs selected a resistant population of Escherichia coli at 300 microgram/ml of chloramphenicol tetraciclyne and 30 microgram/ml of nitrofurazone, during the dietary period. In addition the characterization of the R factor made by conjugation against apropriated recepient strains, demonstrated it's presence in some of the tested strains has only been noted the mobilization of the tetraciclyne marker.

Animal Feed↗