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Biomedical subjects

G Mogi

Publications and source records attributed to G Mogi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous-iliac bone flap for reconstruction of massive defects of mandible and oral basis.

Recent advances in reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancer have improved the cure rate of advanced carcinoma, and the function of the organ. However, it still remains difficult to repair the mandible and oral floor. We devised a combined flap of myocutaneous latissimus dorsi and iliac bone, and applied it to two patients with advanced carcinoma of the oral cavity that invaded to the mandible (T4N3M0). Each patient received preoperative irradiation, totalling 30 Gy and 40 Gy. Two weeks before the extensive resection, a sufficient bony mass for the presumed mandibular defect was taken from the iliac crest and transplanted beneath the latissimus dorsi muscle. Defects of the mandible and oral floor were reconstructed using this combined flap immediately after the resection. The patients began to eat 2 weeks after surgery.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1985

Reconstructive surgery of head and neck cancer using various pedicle flaps.

Various pedicle flaps were used for the reconstruction of large defects following extirpation of head and neck malignant tumors of 55 patients. Although there are several complications, myocutaneous (MC) island flap surpassed the deltopectoral (DP) flap in the reconstruction of the pharyngo-esophagus, tongue, oral cavity, mandible, and of a massive defect. However, DP flap is still valuable material because of its steadiness in pharyngo-esophageal reconstruction in patients who have background disorders, such as serious heart disease and diabetes. Forehead or DP flap is valuable in the reconstructive surgery of full-thickness defect of the cheek. Reconstruction of extremely large defect of the head and neck could be accomplished by use of latissimus dorsi flap and/or combination with DP flap. Selection of the flap should be made in accordance with the region of the reconstruction, size of region, sex, and individual considerations.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Mucosal immunity of the middle ear.

Middle ears affected by otitis media with effusion provide mucosal immunity. However, the normal middle ear has a very poorly developed mucosal system. It can be said that the middle ear is a potential site of immunological activity during infection. The poor development of its immune system is considered one of the factors in the infection-proneness of the middle ear, which leads to otitis media with effusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Functional morphology of tonsillar crypts in recurrent tonsillitis.

The cryptal epithelia contained three types of micropores (termed microcrypt) in association with free cells. Type III microcrypts appeared between ordinary epithelial cells with microridges and "specialized epithelial cells". The specialized epithelial cells consist of ciliated cells and non-ciliated cells having secretory granules and pinocytotic vesicles. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was taken up by phagocytes which protruded from the microcrypt and the superficial squamous epithelial cells with pinocytotic vesicles of idiopathic hypertrophic tonsils. It is suggested that Type III microcrypts have two contradictory functions. One is an active absorption of exogenous antigens; and the other is an exclusion of exogenous invasions according to mucociliary function. In recurrent tonsillitis, HRP was remarkably detected in the dilated stratified squamous epithelial clefts, epithelial tunnels, subepithelial layers and in the lumen of the high endothelial venules. The occurrence of sclerotic germinal centres in recurrent tonsillitis, and in focal infection, was greater than in idiopathic tonsillar hypertrophy, whereas the incidence in appearance of specialized epithelial cells was less frequent in acute tonsillitis than in recurrent tonsillitis, and in focal infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Immunologic aspects of otitis media with effusion.

In order to understand the mechanism involved in otitis media with effusion (OME), we have studied middle ear effusions (MEE) immunochemically, and experimental otitis media in guinea pigs and chinchillas. The results indicated: (1) that serous MEE are a mixture of normal middle ear secretions and transudates from serum, while mucoid MEE are the results of enhanced epithelial secretory activity and the transudates; (2) that mucosal immunity acts in middle ears affected by OME; and (3) that the middle ear is an organ capable of responding immunologically to antigenic substances. However, the normal, and developing, middle ear has a poorly developed mucosal immune system. It can be said that the middle ear is a potential site of immunological activity during infection. The poorly developed immune system is thought to be one of the factors in the infection proneness of the middle ear that leads to OME. Results of IgE study of MEE failed to support the concept that allergy is a major causative factor of OME.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Immunologic study on the inner ear. Immunoglobulins in perilymph.

The immunoglobulin composition of perilymph (PL) was measured using electroimmunodiffusion, and transfer of serum antibodies to PL was studied using a passive hemagglutination test in chinchillas and guinea pigs. The mean values of IgG an albumin in PL were two to four times greater than those in CSF. In guinea pigs, IgA was found in 93% of the PL and 32% of the CSF samples, but in chinchillas only trace amounts of IgA were found in 50% of the PL and 15% of the CSF samples. No IgM was detected in PL or CSF of either species. This study suggests that a greater portion of the immunoglobulins in PL probably is derived from perilymphatic blood vessels as a filtrate and that the perilymphatic inner ear immune system is independent from that of the CSF.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Spontaneous rupture of the common carotid artery.

A spontaneous rupture of the common carotid artery occurred in a 56-year-old, apparently healthy, man. The patient suffered a sudden, painful swelling on the left side of the neck and bulge of the tonsillar fossa simulating a parapharyngeal abscess. Emergency surgical exploration of the neck revealed a 5-mm rent in the common carotid artery 15 mm proximal from the bifurcation. Such abnormalities as aneurysm, thickness, or thinness of the arterial wall were not detected. The rent was closed by sutures during temporal ligation of the carotid artery. The duration of the temporal interruption of the bloodstream was not longer than three minutes. Postoperative examinations did not indicate atherosclerosis or syphilis. There are several possible causes of this rupture.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1981

Bilateral peritonsillar abscesses.

A case of bilateral peritonsillar abscesses is reported. The patient was a 31-year-old male presenting with a severe sore throat, dysphagia, trismus and bilateral swelling of the soft palate causing no displacement of the uvula. Incision and drainage (I and D) and an interval tonsillectomy cured this condition. On review of the literature, it was noted that bilateral peritonsillar abscesses are not uncommon. Peritonsillar abscesses possibly occur bilaterally, but as the developmental stages of the abscesses are not simultaneous, immediate tonsillectomy or intensive antibiotic treatment following I and D controls the formation of the opposite side abscess in most cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The development of mucosal immunity in guinea pig middle ears.

Recent studies have suggested to us that the middle ear is an organ capable of responding immunologically to antigenic substance. However, it is still not known when and how the middle ear starts to provide the immunologic defense system. To clarify this, we investigated immunoglobulin forming cells of different classes and secretory proteins, such as secretory component and lactoferrin, in the mucous membrane of eustachian tube and tympanic bulla of 20 developing and 5 normal adult guinea pigs by the use of a direct immunofluorescence technique. Other organs, such as nose, larynx, trachea, small intestine, spleen and lymph node were also subjected to this investigation. Changes in the middle ear mucosa were also observed after antigenic challenges directly to the tympanic cavity of 6 developing and 39 adult guinea pigs. IgA and IgM forming cells began to appear in the tubal mucosa on 7th postnatal day, wile it was scarcely possible to find IgG1 and IgG2 forming cells in developing guinea pigs. Immunoglobulin forming cells of all classes increased in the middle ear mucosa after the antigenic stimuli. Results of this study showed that local synthesis of IgA, as well as other classes, is latent in the middle ear, that the middle ear of immature animals is vulnerable to antigenic stimuli, and that the middle ear of developing animals possesses potential immune responsiveness.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

An electron microscopic study on the lining mucosa of developing rat vocal cords.

To explain the developmental process of epithelial cells of true vocal cords, larynges obtained from 42 fetal and 36 developing young rats were examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopies. Although the membranous portion was indistinguishable from the arytenoid portion in the prenatal stage, there was no squamous cell epithelium on the glottis. The lining epithelium of vocal cords in 15, 16, and 17 day fetal rats was composed of cuboidal and columnar cells which had a primary cilium. Immediately after birth the membranous portion of vocal cords became recognizable, and ciliated cells present on vocal cords retrogressed rapidly while nonciliated squamous cells grew and extended. Results of the present study show that epithelial cells of ciliated columnar type covering vocal cords change remarkably to nonciliated squamous cells between prenatal and postnatal stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

IgE studies on respiratory tract allergies.

The IgE content was determined and specific IgE antibodies were identified in serum samples and nasal secretions of 40 control subjects, 103 patients with nasal allergy, and 37 patients with bronchial asthma using a radioimmunosorbent test an both the serum samples and nasal secretions of allergic patients. Approximately 70% of the serum samples and nasal secretions obtained from patients with positive house dust skin test results were found to contain specific IgE antibodies to mites. The results of this study proved the usefulness of the determination of IgE and specific IgE antibodies in the diagnosis and study of the pathogenesis of respiratory tract allergies. The IgE in nasal secretions was much more closely related to pathogenesis of respiratory allergies than was IgE in serum samples. However, unless more concentrated nasal secretions are assayed, the diagnostic value is limited.

Adolescent↗