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Biomedical subjects

G Mogi

Publications and source records attributed to G Mogi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Induction of antigen-specific IgA-forming cells in the upper respiratory mucosa.

We investigated the actual processes for activating respiratory mucosal immunity. Hartley guinea pigs were immunized with particulate antigen of dinitrophenylated ovalbumin into the duodenum (group A), trachea (group B), and nasal cavity (group C) 1 week after systemic priming with the soluble antigen. The control animals (group D) received only systemic priming. Immunoglobulin A antibody titers in nasal secretions and saliva from groups A and B significantly exceeded those of groups C and D (p less than .01). Many antigen-specific IgA-forming cells were detected in the respiratory and gastrointestinal mucosae of groups A and B. Following duodenal immunization, the appearance of antigen-specific IgA-forming cells in Peyer's patches preceded those in mesenteric and hilar lymph nodes, while they simultaneously appeared in the lymphoid tissues after tracheal immunization. These findings suggest that intratracheal immunization mainly stimulates bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue as a source of IgA precursors, as intraduodenal immunization stimulates gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Round window membrane and perilymph in experimental otitis media with effusion.

To investigate the influence of middle ear effusion (MEE) on perilymph (PL), an experimental otitis media with effusion (OME) was manufactured in chinchillas by injecting the tympanic cavity with immune complexes. The presence of MEE lasted for up to 9 days after the injection of immune complexes. Perilymph was aspirated on the fourth, tenth, and 21st days after the inoculation. The mean concentrations of albumin, immunoglobulin G, histamine, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were significantly greater in PL from ears with induced OME than in that from normal control ears. The 3H-PGE2 placed on the round window membrane of pathologically affected ears passed into PL in significantly greater amounts than in normal control ears. The findings indicate that the immune complexes placed in the middle ear cavity affect the biochemical milieu of PL, and that MEE is a result of immune complexes.

Albumins↗
PubMed1989

Influence of middle ear effusion on perilymph.

To investigate the influence of middle ear effusion (MEE) on perilymph (PL), an experimental otitis media with effusion (OME) was provoked in chinchillas by injecting the tympanic cavity with immune complexes. MEE remained for up to 9 days after the injection of immune complexes. PL was aspirated on the 4th, 10th, and 21st day after the inoculation. The mean concentrations of albumin, IgG, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were significantly greater in PL from OME induced ears than in that form normal control ears. 3H-PGE2 placed on the round window membrane of pathologically affected ears passed into PL in significantly greater amounts than in normal controls. The findings of the present study indicate that MEE affects the biochemical environment of PL. However, this influence was transient and reversible.

Albumins↗
PubMed1989

Experimental otitis media in mice. Immunohistochemical observations.

In order to identify T cells and B cells in the middle ear (ME) mucosa, immunohistochemical observations were performed on mice which were induced with immune-mediated otitis media with effusion (OME). C3H/HeN mice were challenged with dinitrophenylated ovalbumin in the ME, 2 weeks after the systemic immunization. At 1, 3 and 7 days post challenge, the mice were sacrificed, and IgG-, IgA- or IgM-positive cells, as well as Lyt-1- or Lyt-2-positive cells, were observed in the subepithelial layer of ME. IgG- or IgA-positive lymphocytes were detected at 7 days post challenge, whereas IgM-positive cells were rarely seen. At 3 days post challenge, the number of Lyt-1-positive lymphocytes exceeded that of Lyt-2-positive lymphocytes; however, at 7 days post challenge they were similar. Previous studies have suggested that immune complexes are a key factor in the generation of immune-mediated OME. However, it seems possible that delayed type hypersensitivity may contribute to the pathogenic mechanism of OME.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Influence of otitis media with effusion on perilymph and round window membrane].

To investigate the influence of middle ear effusion (MEE) on perilymph (PL) and the round window membrane (RWM), an experimental otitis media with effusion (OME) was manufactured in chinchillas by injecting the tympanic cavity with immune complexes. The presence of MEE lasted 9 days after the injection of immune complexes. Perilymph was aspirated on the fourth, tenth, 21st, and 60th days after the inoculation. The mean concentrations of albumin, IgG, histamine, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were significantly greater in PL obtained from OME-induced ears than in those from normal control ears. The 3H-PGE2 placed on the RWM of pathologically affected ears passed into PL in significantly greater amounts, compared to normal control ears. The findings of the present study indicate that MEE affect the biochemical milieu of PL.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of a new hand-held impedance audiometer].

In order to evaluate the accuracy and clinical availability of MicroTymp (Welch Allyn) which was new, portable, cordless, and hand-held impedance audiometer, 64 normal subjects and 52 patients with otitis media with effusion were examined by use of MicroTymp and Amplaid 702 (Dana Japan). The types of tympanogram were agreed with each other in 87% of ears. Six cases of type C tympanograms in MicroTymp were shown to be type A by Amplaid 702, and the average of peak pressure of MicroTymp was more negative than Amplaid 702. The difference of peak pressure seemed to be influenced by the speed of ear canal pressure change, because the speed of MicroTymp was considerably higher than Amplaid 702; -200mmH2O/sec in MicroTymp, and -50mmH2O/sec in Amplaid 702. In the experimental study on 7 normal ears, negative shift of peak pressure was observed by increasing the rate of ear canal pressure change from -25mmH2O/sec to -50mmH2O/sec in Amplaid 702. These findings suggest that one should note in the judgment of type C tympanogram in MicroTymp having the peak pressure close to -100mmH2O.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1989

[Therapeutic effects of cepharanthine on the experimental otitis media with effusion].

This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Cepharanthine for OME. Cepharanthine is a biscoclaurin type alkaloid, crude drug, and its main efficacy is to stabilize cell membranes. Experimental OME was induced in chinchillas by immunization with Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH) into the right tympanic cavity following systemic sensitization. Forty-five chinchillas, weighing 350-600g, were used in this study. The animals were divided into 5 groups. Group A (N = 5), Group B (N = 5) and Group C (N = 5) were intraperitoneally given 1mg/kg, 2mg/kg or 5mg/kg dose of cepharanthine respectively, daily, after the induction of OME; Group D (N = 5) received no medicine as a control group; Group E (N = 17) received intraperitoneal administration of 2mg/kg of cepharanthine daily, for 7 days before the local antigenic challenge. The presence of middle ear effusion (MEE) was monitored daily by tympanometry and fiberscopic observation of the eardrum. At four days after experimental OME occurred, MEEs were aspirated aseptically through the eardrum and processed to biochemical analysis. The animals were then killed for the observation with autoradiography used by 3H-cepharanthine. Results demonstrated that the dose of 2mg/kg cepharanthine is more effective, compared with that of 1mg/kg or 5mg/kg of cepharanthine. It was clear that this drug was immediately transferred to the middle ear following intraperitoneal administration and diffusely distributed in the middle ear mucosa. Findings of this study suggest the efficacy of cepharanthine is prophylactic and restorative against experimental OME.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1988

Induction of antigen-specific IgA-forming cells in the middle ear mucosa.

Antigen-specific IgA-forming cells were induced in the middle ear mucosa by the use of soluble and particulate forms of dinitrophenylated ovalbumin. Hartley guinea pigs were locally immunized in the duodenum (group A) and trachea (group B) with the particulate form of dinitrophenylated ovalbumin one week after systemic priming with the soluble form. Otitis media was then induced with the intratympanic inoculation of the antigen. The control animals (group C) received only intratympanic inoculation after systemic priming. The mean titers of salivary IgA antibody of groups A and B were significantly greater than that of group C, and the mean value of serum IgG antibody titers of group C was significantly greater than those of groups A and B. The occurrences of otitis media in groups A and B were significantly suppressed, and histologic changes of the middle ear mucosa of groups A and B were slighter than those of group C. Antigen-specific IgA-forming cells were detected in the inflamed middle ear mucosa from group A and B animals, while these cells could not be found in group C animals. These results demonstrate the immunization strategy whereby the mucosal IgA immunity of the middle ear cavity can be effectively induced and enhanced to prevent otitis media.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Suppression of immune-mediated otitis media by T-suppressor cells.

Effects of mucosa-derived T-suppressor cells on induction of IgG-mediated otitis media with effusion (OME) were investigated in mice, since antigen-antibody reactions in the tympanic cavity are pathogenic mechanisms of OME. Splenic T-suppressor cells from strain C3H/HeN female mice, to which ovalbumin (OVA) had been orally administered, were transferred intravenously to syngeneic mice. The mice receiving the T-suppressor cells were immunized with OVA intraperitoneally and then injected with OVA into the tympanic cavity. Nine of ten control mice, to which splenic T cells from saline-fed mice were administered, developed OME, while OME was seen in only one of ten mice receiving splenic T cells from OVA-fed mice. The results show that IgG-mediated OME can be suppressed to a certain extent by the induction of antigen-specific, mucosa-derived, T-suppressor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus in otitis media with effusion.

Bacteriologic investigation of middle ear effusion (MEE), external ear canal, and the nasopharynx was carried out on 458 patients with otitis media with effusion. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common bacteria in MEE, even after excluding the contaminants from the external ear canal, which had the same value of minimal inhibitory concentration as the paired MEE. The bacterial agreement of S epidermidis between MEE and the nasopharynx was extremely rare in contrast with Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Branhamella catarrhalis, although the organism was also frequently isolated from the nasopharynx. Staphylococcus aureus, having the same minimal inhibitory concentration as that in the nasopharynx, was more frequently found in MEE than S epidermidis. The results suggest that S epidermidis found in MEE is not a pathogen, but rather a contaminant in many instances. Staphylococcus aureus seems to be a causative agent in otitis media with effusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Multiple foreign bodies (fish bones) in the esophagus and rectum.

Multiple foreign bodies (fish bones) in the esophagus and rectum, seen in a 64-year-old man, are reported. This patient suffered from severe pain on swallowing after he had eaten fried fish. Five days later, he was referred to us, and underwent removal of a piece of fish bone under direct metal esophagoscopy. After surgery, fever and leukocytosis still continued, even though pain on swallowing disappeared. Periesophageal abscess was suspected; but no leakage or abnormal shadow was found by esophagography. Since the patient complained of severe anal pain five days after the endoscopic procedure, a romanoscopy was performed: a fish bone in the rectum and periproctal abscess were detected. Removal of the foreign body and incision of the periproctal abscess caused fever and leukocytosis to subside. A review of the literature revealed only a very few cases of multiple foreign bodies in the esophagus and lower digestive tract.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1988

Otitis media with effusion and the nasopharynx. A bacteriological and immunological study.

The adherence of Haemophilus influenzae to nasopharyngeal mucosal cells was investigated in vitro. Secretory IgA antibody activity and the content of fibronectin in nasopharyngeal secretion were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Adherence was greater in children than in adults; and was significantly greater in children with otitis media with effusion than in control children. Secretory IgA and fibronectin in nasopharyngeal secretion were considered to influence adherence of H. influenzae to nasopharyngeal mucosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The role of nasal allergy in otitis media with effusion. A clinical study.

In order to clarify the role of Type I immunologic reactions in the etiology of otitis media with effusion (OME), kindergarten and elementary school children were given routine nasal allergy (NA) tests and otologic tests. Several children among them were evaluated for eustachian tube (ET) function before and after the intranasal histamine challenge, using the inflation-deflation test, and the nine-step inflation and deflation tympanometric test. The results clarified that NA-patients showed a high ratio (21%) of complication with OME, and that OME-patients showed a high ratio (50%) of complication with NA. It was also found that the incidence of tubal dysfunction was higher in OME-patients with NA than in OME-patients without NA. The man period of time between the removal and replacement of a tympanostomy tube was 11 months in OME-patients with NA who underwent hyposensitization; whereas the mean period of time was 2 months in OME-patients with NA who underwent no treatment for NA. The findings of the present study suggest that NA affects tubal function (even if the effect is temporary), and that NA may be a risk factor in OME-prone children.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1987

Chondrocalcinosis of the temporomandibular joint. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease.

A case of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) arthropathy of the temporomandibular joint, seen in a 54-year-old woman, is reported. The patient presented an eight-year history of diffuse swelling with tenderness over the right preauricular region. Surgical exploration of the right temporomandibular joint disclosed calcified masses that were identified as CPPD crystalline materials by histologic and infrared spectrophotometric studies. The occurrence of CPPD arthropathy of the temporomandibular joint is very rare, and this is only the fourth report of such a case, to our knowledge.

Calcium Pyrophosphate↗