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Biomedical subjects

G Mikuz

Publications and source records attributed to G Mikuz.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Diagnostic value of combined bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy.

The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic value of combined transbronchial lung biopsy (TBB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in non-immunosuppressed patients, who underwent routine bronchoscopy for evaluation of interstitial lung disease. We examined routinely sampled and processed material from 87 patients from two peripheral pulmological centers and compared the lavage and biopsy results to the final clinical outcome. 22 of these patients showed no evidence of interstitial lung disease during the course of follow-up. Sufficient lung parenchyma was present in 81 of 91 biopsy specimens (including four repeat biopsies), and 79 of 91 BAL samples were considered adequate. The combination of BAL and TBB was more efficient (efficiency 80.3% vs. 67.9% in TBB and 64.6% in BAL) than either method alone. Sensitivity showed a similar increase from 58.8% in TBB and 73.9% in BAL to 79.5% for both combined. Specificity for BAL was a low 60.7% due to contamination by inflammatory cells from upper airways, whereas specificity for TBB was 100%. We conclude that the combination of bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy is a valuable tool in the evaluation of interstitial lung disease and should be employed whenever possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The value of morphometry to predict chemotherapy response in advanced ovarian cancer.

We evaluated the correlation of morphometric parameters to chemosensitivity. 63 patients with palliatively operated advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were investigated concerning their response to chemotherapy. Using multiple linear stepwise discriminant analysis of five morphometrical parameters 13 out of 17 responders and 37 out of 46 non-responders were correctly classified (76.5% sensitivity, 80.4% specificity, 79.4% efficiency). The five parameters were: nuclear area at the 10th percentile, standard deviation of the nuclear area, median value of the nuclear ovality, number of cells per area and mitotic activity index. To assess the performance of the discrimination formula when applied to new cases, the "leave one out" method was used. For our data the following corrected classification rates were obtained: 58.8% responders (10/17), 76.1% non-responders (35/46) (efficiency 71.4%). Morphometry is a fast and reproducible method to objectively record a tumor's morphology. Our results indicate that there is a correlation between morphometrical features, response to chemotherapy and survival, which should be tested in further studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Methodological aspects of DNA image cytometry in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material from pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Deparaffinized and disintegrated material from conventionally formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of 100 cases of ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas was Feulgen-stained, and the cytochemical DNA distribution patterns of at least 100 single tumour cells and 50 "control" cells (fibrocytes) were assessed by means of image cytometry (ICM). In 77 cases a sufficient number of neoplastic cells could be obtained for these DNA assessments. The fairly high number (23) of cases that had to be excluded due to too small amounts of disintegrated cells or cell nuclei may be explained by the high content of connective tissue stroma in these pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The tumour cell nuclei in 76 of these 77 cases showed cytochemically a clear-cut "non-diploid" DNA distribution pattern. This observation reflects the well-known highly malignant growth potential of this carcinoma. Despite the fact that about 1/4 of the tumours had to be excluded, the main result of our methodological study is, after all that conventionally formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of most pancreatic adenocarcinomas can be successfully used for the deparaffinization-disintegration procedure preceding the nuclear DNA assessments by means of ICM. Additional studies are, however, required to obtain the diagnostic and prognostic impact of the results of such cytochemical analyses of the DNA distribution pattern in adenocarcinomas of the pancreas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Corneal carcinoma.

Carcinomas of the cornea have not yet been described in the literature. A 50-year-old man underwent keratoplasty because of corneal dystrophy. Microscopic examination disclosed a squamous-cell carcinoma which had spread over the entire cornea and just reached the limbus.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1989

[Keratoplasty in unsuspected corneal cancer--case report].

A carcinoma of the cornea is rare. A 48-year-old man underwent keratoplasty because of corneal dystrophy. Micro-scopic examination showed a squamous cell carcinoma that had spread over the entire cornea and had just reached the limbus. A conjunctival biopsy was performed. Histological analysis showed conjunctival tissue that was covered with normal epithelium. No carcinoma cells were evident.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1988

Experimental testicular torsion: effect on endocrine and exocrine function and contralateral testicular histology.

In order to investigate whether unilateral testicular torsion exerts a negative influence on the previously undisturbed contralateral side, exocrine and endocrine testicular function were evaluated before and two months after torsion. A rat model with 6 hours', 12 hours' or permanent extravaginal 540 degrees torsion of the right testis was used; a sham operated group of animals served as controls. Ejaculates were collected by electrostimulation; LH, FSH and testosterone serum levels were determined by radioimmunoassays. Eight weeks after torsion sperm output had decreased by half in the experimental groups, and LH levels increased significantly, whereas the other hormone levels, as well as the controls, remained unchanged. Morphometry of the contralateral testis revealed no alterations except a significant increase of the Leydig cells and interstitial cells in some subgroups. All observed changes correlate with the functional loss of one testis; definite evidence for contralateral damage was not observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Late manifestation of conjunctival malignant melanoma.

The patient, who is now 60, had a nevus and areas of cystic changes in the conjunctiva in her right eye, which had been present from birth to the age of 59. In 1987, rapid tumor growth aroused suspicion that malignant change could be occurring and so the nevus as well as the area of the conjunctiva containing cystic changes were excised. Histological finding: conjunctival malignant melanoma, containing compressed (densely arranged) atypical cells with pleomorphic hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The biopsy specimen of the conjunctiva showed a typical nevocellular nevus with large inclusion cysts of the conjunctival epithelium.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Unilateral testicular disease: effect on the contralateral testis (morphometric study).

Unilateral testicular disease has been reported to damage the contralateral testis. In order to find out whether this detrimental influence is permanent in nature or can be avoided by therapeutic measures, and furthermore to quantify the damage, the following experiments were performed. Seventy-five rats were classified into the following five groups: I) testicular torsion persisting for eight hours; II) ipsilateral semicastration after torsion persisting for eight hours; III) semicastration; IV) sham operation as control; V) immunosuppression with azathioprine after torsion persisting for eight hours. The contralateral testes were removed two months later and perfused with fixative via the testicular artery. Stereologic techniques were employed to obtain quantitative morphologic data. Serum hormone levels were determined. The volume density of the contralateral germinal epithelium was not decreased two months after torsion for eight hours, torsion following by semicastration or torsion followed by immunosuppression. The same was true of the total volume of germinal epithelium per rat testis. The hormone levels remained essentially unchanged.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Traumatic renal artery occlusion: is late reconstruction advisable?

We report a case of traumatic renal artery occlusion treated successfully by reconstruction several years after the injury. Hypertension resulted in diagnostic investigation by means of excretory urography, computerized tomography, angiography and perfusion scintigraphy. Treatment consisted of a thin-walled polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) bypass between the aorta and left renal artery near the hilus. When the patient was discharged from the hospital the creatinine level was normal and blood pressure was 180/90.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clivus chordoma in a 9-year-old child: case report and review of the literature.

Chordomas are bone tumors of the axial skeleton. They arise from notochordal remnants. In children these tumors are extremely rare and are predominantly located in the skull base. The authors report on a clivus chordoma in a 9 7/12-year-old girl. It presented as a nasopharyngeal mass with destruction of the clivus and paralyses of the ninth, tenth, and eleventh cranial nerves on the right side. After incomplete resection by a transoral transclival route, high-dose radiotherapy was added. This treatment was effective as demonstrated by follow-up CAT scans. A short review of the current literature is given. The local recurrence rate is extremely high, and distant metastases may occur. Complete resection is rarely possible, and combined management with postoperative radiotherapy is propagated. Permanent cure is rare, and at the present time, chemotherapy appears to be of no value in the primary treatment of chordomas.

Child↗