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Biomedical subjects

G Martinelli

Publications and source records attributed to G Martinelli.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Changes in peripheral T-cell subsets and natural-killer cytotoxicity in relation to colorectal cancer surgery.

Surgery for cancer in man is followed by immunosuppression, and immunosuppressed cancer patients have advanced stage and poor prognosis. Yet surgery continues to offer the best chance for cure for patients with solid tumors. Since natural-killer cells appear to play a major role in control of tumor metastases in experimental animals, we studied peripheral blood T-cell subsets and natural-killer cytotoxicity of 75 patients with colorectal cancer preoperatively and between 1 and 3 months postoperatively. There was no relationship between preoperative lymphocyte, T-cell, helper-cell, suppressor-cell, or natural-killer cell number or natural-killer cytotoxicity and stage of disease. One to 3 months following surgery natural-killer cells had increased more than 50% from 218 to 325 cells/cmm (T = 2.07, P = 0.0459). Natural killer cytotoxicity increased proportionally. Lymphocytes, T cells, suppressor cells, and helper cells increased insignificantly. The results suggest that potentially curative excision of solid tumors in man is eventually followed by return of immune function reflected by increased numbers of natural-killer cells.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Immunoglobulins (Ig) in circulating immune complexes (CIC) in cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Chronically inflamed tissues and most malignancies have antigenic properties. Patients with long-standing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are prone to development of colorectal cancer, which is known to shed antigens in the bloodstream. In an effort to study immunological aspects of these diseases, sera from patients with IBD and colorectal cancer were evaluated for presence of circulating antigen-antibody immune complexes (CIC), and compared to normal controls. CIC were precipitated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and found to be elevated in all diseased groups. Dissociation of CIC and quantification of their antibody component revealed significant elevation of each immunoglobulin in IBD and in patients with colorectal cancer versus control: IgG = 1.776 +/- 1.573 vs 0.734 +/- 0.618 (P less than 0.001); IgA = 0.368 +/- 0.452 vs 0.090 +/- 0.198 (P less than 0.001); IgM = 0.434 +/- 0.235 vs 0.080 +/- 0.285 (P less than 0.001) serum total Ig levels were consistently much higher than CIC Ig. No correlation was found between the individual serum Ig components and the precipitable complexes-bound Ig, suggesting a selective recognition of antigenic components in the CIC, rather than non-specific association and subsequent precipitation of serum Ig. CIC may represent an easily accessible source of immunological determinants for the study of malignant and chronic inflammatory diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Mammary carcinoma with argyrophilic cells: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings of 7 primary argyrophilic tumors of the breast are described. Five cases were selected because of a growth pattern reminiscent of a "carcinoid" tumor and 2 were obtained from 70 consecutive common carcinomas. All patients were females (mean age 68.8) and none had clinical evidence of hormonal secretion. On ultrastructural examination dense-core granules were seen in addition to findings more suggestive of a common carcinoma. Immunoperoxidase stainings for ACTH, calcitonin etc. were negative in all tumors. The authors believe that organoid growth pattern, argyrophilia and dense-core neurosecretory-like granules are not sufficient elements to demonstrate the endocrine nature of a breast neoplasm.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Stromal cells in primary myelofibrosis: ultrastructural observations.

The bone marrows of five patients with primary myelofibrosis at different stages of the disease have been studied. In the myelofibrotic bone marrow, associated with "reticulum cells", two other cell types have been identified, namely fibroblast-like and myofibroblast-like reticulum cells, as well as a spectrum of transitional forms. Our findings suggest that reticulum cells may represent a reserve stromal cell pool (i.e. primitive reticulum cells) able to modulate themselves and to transform differently according to functional requirements. Some suggestions regarding the functional significance of fibroblast-like and myofibroblast-like reticulum cells in primary myelofibrosis are suggested.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1985

Malignant histiocytosis (true histiocytic lymphoma) clinicopathological study of 25 cases.

Twenty-five cases originally diagnosed as malignant histiocytosis/true histiocytic lymphoma were reviewed according to both pathological and clinical criteria. Microscopically, they were characterized by large, pleomorphic tumour cells showing variable degrees of atypia and phagocytic activity. The growth more often appeared as diffuse, being limited to the sinuses in only two cases. Cytochemistry on touch imprints showed tumour cells strongly positive for acid phosphatase and alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase in all the samples tested. Immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded sections using specific antisera showed tumour cell positivity for lysozyme in 12 of 25 cases, for alpha 1-antitrypsin in 24 of 25 cases and for alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in all 25 cases. Immunophenotyping on frozen-sections in three cases displayed a clear-cut reactivity of the neoplastic cells with the monoclonal antibody OKM1. Clinically, the disease more often presented with B-symptoms, lymphadenopathy and mediastinal involvement. In the majority of the patients (18/25) it had a fatal and rapid course, despite therapy (median survival: 9 months; mean survival: 12 months). The presence of B-symptoms and bulky disease appeared as the only factors influencing the prognosis, both suggesting a more aggressive course of the tumour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Neurosecretory-like granules in non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas.

A case of high-grade non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma with an immunologically proven B-cell origin is reported; 20 to 30 per cent of the neoplastic cells displayed electron-dense neurosecretory-like granules at the ultrastructural level. This observation confirms the existence of such a finding in lymphomatous growths and stresses its irrelevance in the differential diagnosis between non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas and apudomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistological study of transferrin receptor expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Lyophilized frozen sections of 24 lymph nodes from patients with different types of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma, diagnosed according to the Kiel Classification, were tested by an immunoperoxidase-ABC-method, in order to assess the expression of the transferrin receptors, recognized by the OKT9 monoclonal antibody. Our results support the hypothesis that OKT9 reactivity of lymphomatous tissues might reflect the histological grading, offering a new important prognostic parameter, and stress the concept that immunological studies in frozen sections allow a more precise definition of the lymphoma phenotype.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Case of bilateral ovarian metastasis from regressed melanoma.

The Authors report an exceedingly unusual case of bilateral ovarian metastasis from regressed melanoma (spontaneous regression of skin malignant melanoma) in a patient who had undergone removal of a pigmented nevus from left forearm. The diagnosis was established histologically following on the bilateral adnexectomy with total hysterectomy the patient underwent for suspect ovarian tumour. Given the rareness of the clinical from and the diagnostic problems involved the Authors examine the literature dealing with this subject and look for the most adequate diagnostic means.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Clinical and pathologic prognostic features of leiomyosarcoma of the uterus.

A clinico-pathologic study of 20 consecutive patients with leiomyosarcoma of the uterus seen over a 12-year period has been evaluated. Tumor extent at the time of diagnosis seems to be the main prognostic factor: 62.5% of the patients in stage I are alive and well from 1 to 7 years after the diagnosis as compared to 0% of the patients in all the other stages. The age of the patients and the number of mitotic figures also appear to have some prognostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Anaplastic type of medullary thyroid carcinoma. An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study.

A case of anaplastic type of medullary thyroid carcinoma is presented. Immunoperoxidase study revealed calcitonin within the tumor cells, which also showed argyrophilia. At ultrastructural examination the tumor also displayed mucoid and squamous differentiation. This multidirectional differentiation (endocrine and exocrine) underlies the difficulty of ascribing a precise histogenesis to this tumor.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1983

Myeloid metaplasia of the breast. A lesion which clinically mimics carcinoma.

The authors report a case of myeloid metaplasia of the breast presenting as a tumor mass with homolateral axillary lymphadenopathy. The lesion was clinically misinterpreted as a breast cancer and developed in an elderly woman 8 years after the diagnosis of primary myelofibrosis was made. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies confirmed the haematopoietic nature of the proliferating cells. The differential diagnosis from other breast lesions is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary. A hormonal, histochemical and ultrastructural study.

Three new cases of sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary have been studied by hormonal, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic analysis. The results confirm that this tumor may have hormonal activity. Ultrastructural study shows findings different from those previously reported. The authors propose an origin from the ovarian stroma with luteinization of stromal tumor cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Behavior of some steroids in endometrial adenomatous and atypical hyperplasia.

Endometrial adenomatous and atypical hyperplasia are the histopathological pictures that more frequently may develop into an adenocarcinoma. It is believed that a hormonal action may favour the genesis of endometrial cancer. We studied the plasmatic levels of some steroids, considered to be responsible for neoplastic changes, in patients with adenomatous and atypical hyperplasia. With this object we measured plasmatic levels of estrone, estradiol, androstenedione, DHEA-S and testosterone in postmenopausal patients with adenomatous and atypical hyperplasia and in fertile women, both in proliferative and secretory phases. We didn't find any difference in the steroid pattern in the two groups.

Adult↗