Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Marconi

Publications and source records attributed to G Marconi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Anatomical and radiological aspects of retrograde pancreatography in chronic pancreatitis (author's transl)].

The authors performed from 1975 to 1978 1043 endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatograms, of which 93.3% were successfully accomplished. They illustrate the anatomical and radiological aspects of the retrograde pancreatography in chronic pancreatitis, according to Cremer's classification. The authors confirm the reliability of the procedure, quickly accomplished and well tolerated by the patient.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1976

[On the intrathoracic meningocoele. Diagnostic usefulness of myeloscintigraphy (author's transl)].

Intrathoracic meningocoele (I.M.) consists of a bulging out of the meninges in the posterior mediastinum through an intervertebral foramen or a bone defect in the thoracic spine. It is a rare condition generally asymptomatic and often associated with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis, whose aetiopathogenesis and clinical significance have not yet been completely clarified. The AA. describe a case of I.M. in a patient with neurofibromatosis who at 37 years of age presented spastic monoparesis in the left lower limb with subacute onset. In this case two abnormally wide intervertebral foramina and scalloping of the posterior rims of the vertebral bodies close to the meningocoele were observed. These changes seem to point to an alteration in bone development as the chief cause of intrathoracic meningocoele in contrast with other aetiopathogenic hypotheses. Excluding the presence of other expansive lesion, spastic monoparesis might be related to a confined medullary involvment due to compression of arterial or venous vessels by the meningocoele. Finally the AA. emphasize the importance of myeloscintigraphy, wich easily allows correct diagnosis by showing a typical pool of radioactive tracer in the meningocoele bulge lateral to the spine.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[The ventilation-perfusion ratio, with special reference to muscular exercise].

The values of VA/Q obtained at rest in 12 normal subjects undergoing cardiac catheterization in a supine position were between 0.63 and 1.695, with a mean of 1.142 +/- 0.295. The VA/Q values obtained in another 10 healthy subjects tested in a sitting position with a rebreathing method for calculating Q. were somewhat less scattered (between 0.77 and 1.50), and also lower (mean 0.975 +/- 0.210). A highly significant correlation was demonstrated during muscular exercise on the bicycle ergometer (sitting position), both between oxygen consumption and alveolar ventilation and between oxygen consumption and cardiac output. However, since at various submaximal work loads cardiac output increased much less than alveolar ventilation, the overall VA/Q ratio showed a progressive increment with increasing oxygen consumption.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of the cauda equina in hereditary motor sensory neuropathies: correlations with sural nerve biopsy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although spinal root abnormalities are known to occur, spinal MR examination is seldom performed in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN). The following work was undertaken to assess the MR imaging spectrum of lumbosacral spinal nerve root abnormalities and determine whether intradural nerve root involvement could be related to any biopsy feature. METHODS: Ten consecutive patients (eight male, two female; age range, 28-65 yrs) with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) (type I = 5, type II = 2) and Déjèrine-Sottas disease (DSD) (n = 3) underwent a contrast-enhanced lumbosacral MR examination. Sural nerve biopsy was performed in all patients. Atypical clinical features were present in two patients. The MR scans of each patient were reviewed for possible causes of myeloradiculopathy, spinal nerve root and ganglia dimensions, signal change, and abnormal enhancement. RESULTS: In the seven patients with CMT, abnormal MR findings were intradural nerve root hypertrophy (n = 2), signal abnormalities (n = 2), and enhancement (n = 3). Two of three patients with DSD had the abnormal MR finding of intradural nerve root enhancement. In both patients with atypical clinical features, MR imaging showed nerve root hypertrophy and enhancement. Both findings were related to an increased number of onion bulbs at sural nerve biopsy. Inflammatory infiltrates were not observed in any patients. CONCLUSION: In patients with HMSN enhancement of intradural spinal nerve roots, whether or not associated with marked thickening, may be found on lumbosacral MR examinations. Spinal nerve root thickening may be responsible for atypical symptoms, and its visibility on MR images represents a useful adjunct to diagnosis. Lumbosacral spinal nerve root abnormalities were related to an extremely high number of onion bulbs (indicating active demyelination) at sural nerve biopsy. Nerve root enhancement does not seem to be related to inflammatory infiltrates.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Polyneuropathy due to "allergic vasculitis" possibly related to australia antigen. (author's transl)].

The authors describe a case of flaccid tetraplegia due to a polyneuropathy in a man aged 50 years, progressing rapidly to death from mesenteric infarction. As significant abnormalities, the hematologic examinations revealed a very high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, a marked leukocytosis and a positive Australia antigen in repeated controls. In spite of the clinical picture being that of a symmetrical polyneuropathy rather than that of mononeuritis multiplex, the diagnose of a collagenosis was suspected. Nevertheless steroid treatment was not given because the patient had a peptic ulcer. On histological investigation many focal infarctions were found in several internal organs but the brain was pratically normal. Instead the nerve trunks examined (the sciatic nerve and the lumbo-sacral plexus) showed gross changes in the vasa nervorum represented by abundant perivascular cuffing and marked evidence of axonal degeneration secondary to an ischaemic damage. In the kidneys there were definite signs of membranous glomerulitis. The pathological findings in this fatal case of diffuse peripheral involvement were not those of classical periarteritis nodosa, but showed the picture of so-called "allergic vasculitis". This type of blood vessels inflammation is now assumed to be part of an immune-complex disease, in which the Australia antigen could be one of the causative agents.

Hepatitis B Antigens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunological and therapeutic aspects of myasthenia gravis (author's transl)].

In the treatment of Myasthenia Gravis (M.G.) new therapeutic techniques have been gradually added to the usual anticholinesterase drugs. Steroids, immunosuppressive drugs, plasma exchange have been employed whereas thymectomy is still the most useful surgical treatment. On the basis of both personal experience and data from the literature the AA. reviewed the therapeutic techniques. Thymectomy is practically indicated for all patients particularly young ones. However there are some reserves in the presence of thymomas as sometimes deterioration may occur. Steroids are mostly employed in cases resistant to other therapies. Immunosuppressive drugs are usually associated with plasma-exchange. The latter has been recently preferred because of the absence of side effects; however its real therapeutic value has not yet been fully assessed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[On a case of aphasia with thalamic lesion (author's transl)].

The possibility of aphasic disorder caused by thalamic lesions has been supported by anatomo-clinical findings, stereotaxic surgery and more recently by radiological investigations with new techniques, i.e. ct and brain scan. A case of thalamic aphasia investigated with these techniques and the Luria's neuropsychological test is reported in this paper. The case concerns a 50 years old woman who developed a sudden right hemiplegia with marked motor aphasia. C.T. and radioisotope brain scan revealed a left capsular haemorrhage with involvement of thalamic structures. Later, when this patient's aphasia decreased, Luria's test showed reduction of spontaneous speech, anomia, paraphasic and disarthric disorder, distractibility without impairment of comprehension and repitition. These findings are similar to those reported by some AA. in left thalamic lesions and similar to aphasic syndromes caused by cortical lesions. Another important observation was the presence of widespread cortical functional disorder involving the left fronto-temporo-parietal region without evidence of cortical anatomical alteration. The above data and those reported in the literature suggest a very close relationship between thalamic structures, other central nuclei and cortical areas particularly in the control of speech.

Anomia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The incidence of the X-linked progressive muscular dystrophies in Tuscany from 1966 to 1974 (author's transl)].

An investigation was carried out to establish the incidence of X-linked progressive muscular dystrophies in Tuscany from 1966 to 1974. 52 cases were identified, the incidence being 23,95 X 10(-5) with reference to live-born males. The frequency of new mutations calculated according to Haldane's method was 7,97 X 10(-6). These data practically correspond to those reported by other AA. in Italy and abroad. There was also a remarkable variability in the incidence among individual districts with values ranging from 7,60 X 10(-5) to 41,91 X 10(-5). It was noticed that the number of new cases tended to decrease in the last few years.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability of cerebral radioisotopic angiography and of directional Doppler C.W. in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular insufficiency.

The diagnostic value of radioisotopic cerebral angioscintigraphy (R.A.) and of Doppler CW (D.C.W.) techniques to identify stenosis of the internal carotid artery in its extracranial course was studied in 97 patients with ischaemic lesions (50 T.I.A. and 47 Complete Stroke). The results of R.A. and D.C.W. were compared with those of contrast carotid-angiography (C.A.). C.A. revealed stenosis above 50% or complete occlusion in 22% of cases, whereas D.C.W. and R.A. showed flow reduction in 27% and 48% of the cases respectively. In T.I.A., C.A. positivity went down to 8%; D.C.W. to 16%; and R.A. to 34%. In "Complete Stroke" positivity was 36% for C.A.; 41% for D.C.W.; and 62% for R.A. There was a high number of false positive findings with D.C.W. (8) but even more with R.A. (27). False negative findings occurred only in two cases with R.A. These data confirm the diagnostic value of these two noninvasive techniques to identify haemodynamically carotid stenosis. The use of both methods can reduce error due to false negativity. The rather marked frequency of false positivity, particularly with reference to R.A. doesn't affect the diagnostic value of the two methods.

Auscultation↗