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Biomedical subjects

G Marchal

Publications and source records attributed to G Marchal.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Altered circulation of lymphocytes mediating delayed-type hypersensitivity when primed in Wf/Wf mice.

When mice were homozygous for the Wf allele at W locus, the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction observed in mice primed i.v. or s.c. with optimal doses of sheep red blood cells was greatly decreased. The number of sensitized splenic cells able to transfer a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction was identical in +/+ and Wf/Wf primed mice. At site of local transfer of +/+ sensitized cells and antigen, the recruitment of monocytes was identical in +/+ and Wf/Wf mice. In contrast, the number of blood cells able to transfer a DTH reaction was decreased by a factor 40 in Wf/Wf primed mice compared to +/+ ones. This decreased number of sensitized cells in blood of Wf/Wf mice revealed a specific defective circulation of Wf/Wf DTH mediating cells whatever the genotypes (+/+ or Wf/Wf) of recipients used to measure this property of circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[CT of the liver in cirrhosis (author's transl)].

Of the diseases causing diffuse hepatic parenchyma alterations, CT will demonstrate most typically fatty replacement and hemochromatosis. Cirrhosis of the liver will be detected by CT in only a minority of the patients by virtue of changes in size and contour. Changes in attenuation coefficient in cirrhotic livers are described by some authors but not confirmed on a large scale until now. CT is useful for demonstrating associated anomalies such as signs of portal hypertension (splenomegaly, venous collaterals and ascites) and for studying the permeability of the portal vein.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1980

Contrast enhancement by bolus technique in the CT examination of the kidney.

Clinical results of contrast enhancement by bolus technique in the CT study of the kidney, performed with a two second scanner, are presented. The value of the method is discussed in relation with congenital abnormalities and more extensively in the evaluation of mass lesions of the kidney. In comparison with the widely used contrast infusion technique for CT examination, early scans after contrast enhancement by bolus technique allow better study of anatomical details of the normal kidney and variants. Furthermore in mass lesions assessment of vascularity leads to better differential diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

High radiosensitivity of induction in contrast to radioresistance of expression of cells mediating delayed-type hypersensitivity during response to sheep red blood cells in mice.

The delayed-type hypersensitivity DTH) reaction observed in mice primed i.v. with low doses of sheep red blood cells was greatly decreased when mice were irradiated with 300 rad before priming. An estimation of the radiosensitivity of DTH-mediating cells (DTH-C) was performed using a titration assay after local adoptive transfer of these cells mixed with antigen into the footpad of unprimed mice. A high radiosensitivity of the induction of DTH-C was observed with a D37 of approximately 50 rad. In contrast, the expression of DTH-C appeared radioresistant, as the D37 was approximately 2000 rad.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Intravenous pancreaticography in computed tomography.

Intense pancreatic enhancement on computed tomography seems to be possible by the intravenous bolus injection technique. Despite a rather limited experience, promising clinical results have been obtained in the study of pancreatic disease, mainly concerning some aspects of acute and chronic inflammation and tumoral pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Use of rapid C.T. scanners in renal affections (author's transl)].

The advantages obtained by the use of the new rapid scanners have made computer tomography the method of choice for the investigation of kidney lesions. In fact, the benefits of the second generation of scanners, which were already of excellent quality, have been even furthur increased by the use of the rapid scanners which can be used to study the vascularization of renal lesions, for which traditional nephrotomography has been employed for a long period.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

The accuracy of tc-scan in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal metastases of malignant testicular tumours.

Based on the investigations carried out on 18 patients with testicular tumours, the results of CT-scanning are compared with the findings of conventional radiological examination and with lymphography in particular. At the actual state of technical evolution, the study reveals that CT-scanning does not possess sufficient spatial resolution to permit the diagnosis of very small lymph node metastases and all the more of a specific diagnosis of these metastases. Nevertheless, it remains a fact that CT-scanning obviously is a preferable method with respect to the visualisation of the exact extent and size of large involvements and the effects upon the surrounding tissues. CT-scanning is proposed as the screening-procedure with regard to patients suffering from testiscarcinoma, and allows, in a great number of cases, to make more invasive techniques superfluous.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Titration and circulation of cells mediating delayed type hypersensitivity in normal and cyclophosphamide treated mice during response to sheep red blood cells.

The delayed-type-hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction observed in mice primed i.v. with low doses of sheep red blood cells is not detectable after priming with large doses. Estimation of the number of DTH mediating cells (DTH-C) was performed by titration (D50 determination) using local adoptive transfer of these cells mixed with antigen into footpads of unprimed mice. In opposition to the absence of peripheral DTH-C, splenic DTH-C were more numberous after large doses than after low doses of antigen. The ability of cyclophosphamide to restore DTH responsiveness in mice primed with large doses appeared to be related to an increased cirulation of DTH-C. These cell circulated only in mice without any detectable B-cell response or in which this response was depressed. Thus a B-cell dependent splenic retention process of DTH-C is discussed as the origin of DTH unresponsiveness observed after priming with large doses of antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Increased infiltration by monocytes in delayed type hypersensitivity site following cyclophosphamide treatment.

Sensitized lymphocytes transferred locally with antigens into footpads of unprinted mice can elicit a delayed-type-hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction. Treatment of recipients with cyclophosphamide (CY) increased the infiltration observed at the DTH site. The enlargement of footpads was detected with low doses of DTH mediating cells as with large ones. An enumeration of circulating monocytes performed on the test days and the preceding days has shown a three to ten fold increase of number of monocytes. During the recovery following CY treatment (20 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) a rebound effect at level of precursors of monocytes was observed. Thus a dual mechanism is proposed to explain the effect of CY on DTH reaction: a liberation of DTH cells by inhibition of B response as previously described; an increased number of monocytes which can be recruited by DTH-cells in site of antigen injection.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison of computer tomography with ultrasound in renal disease (author's transl)].

The following has been established in examinations under optimal conditions: 1. Ultrasound and CT scan appear to be of equal value in respect of validity and significance of information on the nature of findings, especially in connection with spaceoccupying processes, hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis. However, CT supplies a better anatomical and topographical overall view of the situation. 2. CT scanning, is definitely superior in respect of significance of information on the extension and behaviour in respect of neighbouring organs. This is particularly evident in the visualisation of relapses after hyponephromas and in perirenal processes. 3. Computer tomography is clearly superior in the identification of renal aplasias and hypoplasias.

Hematoma↗
PubMed1977

[Preferential differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells transferred to mice previously infected by BCG].

Following injection of bone marrow cells in lethally irradiated mice, previously infected with BCG regenerating hemopoietic cell populations differentiate along the leucocyte pathway to the detriment of erythroid lineage. Such a phenomenon persisting even if anemia of infected mice is increased by bleeding just before irradiation and reconstitution supports the hypothesis of preferential differentiation of stem cells.

Animals↗