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Biomedical subjects

G Magnin

Publications and source records attributed to G Magnin.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Artificial induction of labor. Results apropos of a consecutive series of 20% of induced labors].

The authors report on a series of 1 838 deliveries of which 358 (19.5%) were induced. The caesarean section rate when induction was undertaken for social convenience (delivery on pre-set dates) was 1.7%, but when induction had to be carried out the caesarean section rate was 10%. Fetal and maternal morbidity when induction was carried out on social grounds was the same as for the general population. The number of inductions that were performed was not sufficiently large to alter the work rate in the labour ward and the ways in which this could be evened out are discussed. We have considered the different techniques to ripen the cervix, particularly when premature induction by rupture of the membranes is required.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1984

[Primary surgery in the treatment of invasive cancer of the cervix uteri].

The statistical data reported in this study show that the results obtained with surgery in invasive carcinoma of the cervix uteri are equivalent to those obtained with radiotherapy alone or associated with surgery. The overall proportion of operable patients in this series was 94% (stage I: 98%, stage II: 89%, stage III: 72% and stage IV: 23%). The overall survival rates at 5 years were 90.7% for stage I patients (stage I A 98.0%, stage I B 84.9%), 54.6% for stage II patients (stage II A 68.9%, stage II B proximal 67.1%, stage II B distal 25%). 20.2% for stage III patients and 7.6% for stage IV patients. The drawbacks (mortality, morbidity) of surgery and its advantages (lower psychological and financial cost) are examined. The possibility to adjust the surgical operation to the local and regional extension of the cancerous lesions and the indications for supplementary radiotherapy are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Correlation of plasma hormone levels and peripheral circulating lymphocyte subpopulations during human pregnancy.

Using monoclonal antibodies (OKT3, OKT4, OKT8) peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were determined in 40 normal primiparous pregnant women and compared with those of 31 nonpregnant controls. In pregnant women plasma concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, human placental lactogen (HPL), beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta HCG), and alpha-fetoprotein were measured by means of radioimmunoassay. We studied if correlations between peripheral lymphocyte subsets and plasma hormone levels might exist. We observed in pregnant women from 10 to 40 wk of amenorrhea a decrease in the percentage of OKT3 and OKT8 cells, and during the course of pregnancy an increase in the percentage of OKT4 cells. This increase inversely correlated with plasma beta HCG levels and directly correlated with plasma HPL levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Should we still explore placental sulfatase deficiencies? Reflections apropos of a case report].

The finding of low or very low levels of oestrogen during pregnancy should suggest the diagnosis of placental sulfatase deficiency, which is confirmed by performing dynamic biochemical tests. These biochemical tests also enable sulfatase deficiency to be differentiated from other conditions which may be accompanied by an abnormal decrease in oestrogens. The authors report one case and stress the harmlessness of sulfatase deficiency and the associated ichthyosis in boys and they question the value of the dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate test which only confirms an abnormality which is now well known and benign.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of pelvic irradiation during x-ray computed tomography].

Accidental irradiation of an early and unknown pregnancy during abdomino-pelvic computed tomography has not yet been reported, but this situation will certainly occur as the indications for this type of investigation are extended. Assessment of foetal risk depends essentially, as in ordinary radiology, upon the X-ray dose received by the foetus. Only a few studies have been devoted to determination of the "gonad dose" received during an abdomino-pelvic scan. In ten patients undergoing abdomino-pelvic scan with a mean of 22.1 +/- 4.7 exposures per patient, the authors used a small thermoluminescent dose-meter placed in the uterus or endocervix to measure the gonad dose received. The dose delivered to the uterus was 1.67 cGy +/- 1.14 per patient, i.e. approximately the same as for hysterography (1.27 cGy). Thus any abdomino-pelvic scan before twelve weeks should be viewed as an indication for therapeutic abortion, whilst after twelve weeks the amount of radiation received does not in itself represent an indication for abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

[Pregnancy and labor after insemination with frozen sperm from a donor].

A total of 168 out of 196 pregnancies that were obtained after A.I.D. have been followed up. Six cases were lost for follow-up (3%). The mean age was 30 years and 65% of the women had their ovulation induced. 130 nullipara were delivered. They were compared with a series of nullipara of the same age group and selected from 300 primiparous pregnancies who delivered in the department in the same year. The abortion rate was 12.5%. 79% of the pregnancies were normal in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters as compared with 83% in the control series. 94% delivered at term as compared with 97% in the control series. 21% of the women had Caesarean section as compared with 19.2% in the control series. The sex ratio was 1.08 as compared with 1.06 in the control series. There was no significant difference between the two series. It does seem, however, that the age factor is the most important factor of all in determining how frequent pathological conditions will be and the number of Caesareans that will have to be carried out. 14% were under 30 years of age as compared with 28.5% who were over 30 years of age, which is a significant difference. These results should be followed up in a larger series.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1983

[Importance and significance of the determination of pH in the diagnosis of fetal distress during labor and delivery].

The authors have used a microprocessor which is calibrated by a cartridge to be used once only for measuring the pH; as they systematically monitor the fetal acid base balance by measuring the pH and blood gases at birth, as well as in labour, when there is evidence of fetal heart rhythm abnormalities. They have been able to compare the results that they obtained using a classical membrane apparatus as against that using a microprocessor. The two types of apparatus give identical results. The costs of using the two apparatuses, including maintenance and cleaning, are comparable. The significance of evaluating the degree of fetal distress from isolated pH measurements is discussed in connection with measuring the level of lactic acid in the plasma and blood gases coupled with the measure of excess base.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1981

[Galactorrhoea and thoracic surgery (author's transl)].

The authors report 4 cases where galactorrhoea complicated thoracotomy. It was only possible to find 21 cases altogether in the literature where this complication followed thoracic surgery. Galactorrhoea started in the week following surgery. It follows irritation of the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th thoracic nerves which induces hyperprolactinaemia. Stress which is linked to the surgery and the drugs used for the anaesthetics can not by themselves be responsible for so persistent a hypersecretion. The galactorrhoea is cured spontaneously in two or three months, and treatment with bromocriptine which might have been prescribed was contraindicated in two out of the four cases that have been reported because there was a Raynaud's syndrome which was the indication for thoracic sympathectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Gonadic dysgenesis and dicentric chromosome Y. A report of two cases, one of which had a gonadoblastoma (author's transl)].

The authors report two new cases of primary amenorrhoea due to the presence of a dicentric Y with a chromosome formula of 45,X/46,X,dic(Y). These two patients show how variable the clinical manifestations of these gonosome anomalies can be, since one had a Turner's syndrome and the other is a woman who looks completely normal but only has primary amenorrhoea. A review of the literature has brought to light only 45 cases similar to ours and shows the different clinical aspects of these patients who are 45,X/46,Xdic(Y). Finding that one of our patients had a gonadoblastoma has confirmed the need to carry out bilateral castration when there is a dysgenetic gonad with a Y chromosome, in order to treat or prevent a dysgenetic tumour from arising.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Anaesthesia for computerised axial tomography in children (author's transl)].

Computerised axial tomography requires total immobility, which must be obtained by a simple and safe technique of anaesthesia. Three anaesthesia techniques were used and analysed in 54 children aged less than 5 years: the technique of the feeding bottle, sedation with pentobarbital or diazepam and general anaesthesia with ketamine hydrochloride. The technique of the feeding bottle can be proposed in selected patients. Sedation can be also used but judiciously, not to deep. The systematic use of an depression immobilizing mattress with these two techniques gives better results. Intramuscular ketamine hydrochloride, when not contrindicate (intracranial hypertension or acute hydrocephaly), has been used always successfully.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1980

[Primary surgery in the treatment of stage I and "slight" stage II carcinoma of the cervix (author's transl)].

A group of 140 patients with stage I and "slight" stage II invasive carcinoma of the cervix undergoing surgery without prior irradiation between October 1st and October 31st 1978 is presented. The 5 year survival rate, taking into account the actual characteristics of the series, corresponded to the average usually found. Primary surgery makes it possible to limit indications for irradiation to cases where there exists either true infiltration of pelvic tissue or lymph node metastases which can be assessed only by examination of an operative specimen. It is thus also possible to avoid "radiotherapy menopause" in a large number of women (in 68 of the 81 patients aged less than 50 years in the present series).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Necrotising enterocolitis and pregnancy. One case (author's transl)].

Having had a case of necrotising enterocolitis which occured on the third day after delivery and which was successfully treated by total colectomy with secondary restoration of bowel continuity, the authors discuss the pathogenicity of this condition. It can be secondary to a haemorragic or a septic obstetrical complication. It may equally be the sequel of a functional paralytic ileus which, although rare, is one of the classical complications following labour and Caesarean operations. In this way it can be compared to those cases of enterocolitis which are secondary to ileus, such as are found in patients who have a tumour of the colon or in patients who have been treated with neuroleptic drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Tumours of the ovary in young women. The way they arise and the limits of conservative treatment (author's transl)].

Although tumours of the ovary are rare in woman under the age of 35 they are not exceptional and they form 15 p. 100 of the cases (17 patients) out of a series of 112 tumours of the ovary which were collected in 7 years. 11 of these patients had only one ovary affected and were able to be treated conservatively. In this way 5 of them were able to carry one or more pregnancies to term and another patient who was lost from observation for two years had to have a second operation to deal with a recurrence in the opposite ovary. Conservative treatment is only permissible if one is absolutely sure that the contro-lateral ovary is normal, and if there is the slightest doubt ovariotomy should be carried out to perform a biopsy. Furthermore the authors suggest that in view of the difficulties of strict supervision for a long term the opposite ovary and tube should be removed and hysterectomy carried out once the patient has had one or two children or when they have reached the age of 40.

Adolescent↗