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Biomedical subjects

G Lussier

Publications and source records attributed to G Lussier.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Resistance to RadLV-induced leukemia: non-participation of splenic natural killer cells.

The phenotypic expression of genetically determined resistance to radiation leukemia virus (RadLV)-induced leukemia in mice has been shown to reside in the bone marrow. Because the bone marrow contains precursors of natural killer (NK) cells, known to play a role in retrovirally induced infections, and because these cells have been suggested as participating in resistance to radiation-induced leukemia, it was pertinent to establish whether their levels differed in strains of mice susceptible and resistant to leukemia. We therefore tested splenic NK cell levels in C57BL/Ka (susceptible) and B10.A(5R) (resistant) mice before viral inoculation, immediately after viral inoculation, and throughout the preleukemic period and showed that they were not different. This indicates that splenic NK cell levels have no bearing on the resistance to RadLV-induced leukemia and that other immune or non-immune mechanisms must be sought.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of mouse thymic virus antibody detection techniques.

Three serologic test methods for detection of serum antibodies to mouse thymic virus (MTV) were compared, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), complement fixation (CF) test and indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test. Serum was collected at regular intervals from CD-1 mice inoculated intraperitoneally with approximately 200 infectious doses of MTV, and from uninoculated mice placed in cages with the inoculated animals. The inoculated mice became MTV antibody-positive by all three assay methods at 15 days post inoculation, while the cage-contacts were seropositive by all methods at 30 days after contact. Although the incidence of positive results was similar by all methods, titers measured by ELISA were substantially higher than those measured by CF and IFA tests. Because MTV can cause persistent infections that adversely affect the suitability of mice for research, it is recommended that testing for antibodies to this virus be performed routinely.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Detection of antibodies to mouse thymic virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum antibodies to mouse thymic virus, a herpesvirus that causes thymic lesions and immunosuppression. Antibodies were detected in mice that had received single or multiple injections of the virus and were also found in mice housed in contact with the experimentally infected animals. By contrast, mice not exposed to mouse thymic virus or those inoculated with an uninfected thymus preparation remained seronegative. A serological survey of eight mouse colonies revealed one positive colony, confirmed by virus isolation. These results show that the test is sufficiently sensitive and specific to be used for routine screening of mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Protection from mouse hepatitis virus type 3-induced acute disease by an anti-nucleoprotein monoclonal antibody. Brief report.

Fusion of MHV-3-immune splenocytes from MHV-3-resistant A/J murine strain, with NS myeloma cells produced several hybridomas. Among eight hybridoma clones, the 1E7A4H1 clone secreted kappa IgG2a apparently directed against the nucleoprotein of the MHV-3 virion. The monoclonal antibody was able to neutralize the in vitro cytopathic effect of MHV-3 on cultured L2 cells, and was detected by indirect immunofluorescence on MHV-3-infected cultured YAC cells. In addition, it conferred a significant protection against MHV-3-induced acute disease, if injected intraperitoneally to C57BL/6 mice before inoculation with MHV-3.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Bone marrow phenotype determines genetic resistance to RadLV-induced leukemia in radiation chimeric mice.

The development of RadLV-induced T-cell leukemia is a multistep process which evolves along the bone marrow-thymus axis. This process has been shown to be under the control of resistance and susceptibility genes. The relative importance of bone marrow and thymic phenotypes in this genetic control have not been established. We have constructed radiation chimeras with bone marrow from susceptible C57BL/Ka and thymus from resistant B10.A(5R) mice (and vice versa). The rate of leukemia development in the various groups indicates that the phenotype of the bone marrow and not that of the thymus determines the expression of resistance or susceptibility.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Vaccination of rabbits with a bovine herpesvirus type 1 subunit vaccine: adjuvant effect of ISCOMs.

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 has two major immunogenic surface glycoproteins: a 90 kDa haemagglutinin and the 130 (74 + 54) kDa glycoprotein. These proteins were purified by rate zonal sucrose density gradient centrifugation after extraction with nonionic detergent Triton X-100. For the preparation of ISCOMs, the glycoproteins were further adsorbed during a second rate zonal centrifugation, to micelles of Quil A glycoside, already added to the gradient. Haemagglutinating peaks were collected and used as subunit vaccine in rabbits: groups of three animals were injected with 50, 10 and 5 micrograms protein. Seroconversion was followed by ELISA, haemagglutination inhibition, neutralizing and plaque reduction assays. ISCOMs and unadsorbed subunits were efficient in inducing neutralizing as well as haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies: ISCOMs gave a higher level of response. The efficiency demonstrated by ISCOMs suggests their potential as a subunit vaccine.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1987

Hemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralizing response of rabbits inoculated with bovine herpesvirus 1 subunit vaccine.

The immunogenicity of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) hemagglutinin has been investigated. Both live and nonionic detergent solubilized vaccines were prepared and 5000 hemagglutinating units (HAU) were injected subcutaneously into rabbits. Both types of vaccine induced a good antibody response but live virus was four times more efficient in inducing hemagglutination inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies than either Triton X-100- or octylglucoside-solubilized subunit vaccine. Blotting analysis revealed that five proteins, of 105,000, 90,000, 74,000, 64,000 and 54,000 mol. wt, were recognized by the serum of vaccinated animals. Triton X-100-solubilized vaccine did not induce antibodies against the 105,000 and 64,000 mol. wt proteins, indicating the important role of VP 90,000 and VP 74,000 in hemagglutination and neutralization. The order in which antibodies to the different viral proteins were induced was VP 90,000, (VP 105,000, VP 64,000, VP 54,000) and VP 74,000. Our data indicate that VP 90,000 is the hemagglutinin. Using convalescent serum from intranasally infected animals, we could identify nine structural proteins for BHV-1; VP 105,000, VP 90,000, VP 74,000, VP 64,000, VP 54,000, VP 50,000, VP 47,000, VP 40,000 and VP 31,000.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Transmission of mouse thymic virus.

Mouse thymic virus (MTV) is a naturally occurring herpesvirus of mice which produces persistent infection in salivary glands. No transmission study has been reported previously. In the present work, transmissibility of MTV has been studied by close contact between cage-mates, by the transplacental route from experimentally infected pregnant mice to their foetuses at term or delivered by Caesarean section and by nursing mothers to their sucklings. Transmission of MTV was detected between cage-mates after a long period of contact. The virus was also recovered from newborns nursed by infected mothers inoculated 1 day post-delivery. However, no transmission was detected in the foetuses following infection of mothers at different stages of pregnancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of serological tests for the detection of antibody to natural and experimental murine cytomegalovirus.

Three serological tests, i.e. complement fixation test, indirect immunofluorescent assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were compared for sensitivity in the detection and titration of murine cytomegalovirus antibody. The three tests were compared using sera from experimentally inoculated and naturally infected mice bled at intervals from 3 to 140 days postinfection. In the acute infection, complement fixation and indirect immunofluorescent assay tests were of comparable sensitivity for early detection of antibody, whereas the ELISA was less sensitive. In persistent infection, higher titers were recorded with ELISA. Since murine cytomegalovirus has been shown to exert significant effects on the immune response of infected mice, this antigen should be included routinely in viral antibody screening programs.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Serological relationship between mouse adenovirus strains FL and K87.

Three-week-old outbred mice were inoculated intraperitoneally or orally and intranasally with the FL or K87 strains of mouse adenovirus and bled at intervals after infection. Serum was tested by both the complement fixation and indirect immunofluorescence tests for reactivity with either virus antigen. A unilateral relationship was detected between FL and K87 strains. Serum from mice given the FL strain of virus reacted in both tests with FL and K87 antigens. Serum from mice given the K87 strain reacted only with the homologous antigen. Serum antibody titers were generally higher in the immunofluorescence test than in the complement fixation test. These observations stress the need to use both FL and K87 antigens for specific serologic diagnosis of adenovirus infection in mouse colonies.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1986

Bovine herpesvirus 1: strain comparison of polypeptides and identification of a neutralization epitope on the 90-kilodalton hemagglutinin.

The intracellular and structural polypeptides of the Los Angeles and Cooper 1 reference strains of bovine herpesvirus 1, together with 12 other Canadian field isolates, were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Although a few minor differences were noted among some isolates in regard to intracellular viral protein content, analysis of partly purified virus showed strikingly similar polypeptide profiles among 19 proteins with molecular masses of 14 to 145 kilodaltons (kDa). Moreover, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody produced against the Cooper 1 strain also neutralized all of the other 13 strains tested in this study and immunoprecipitated the major 90-kDa glycoprotein. A second monoclonal antibody with a high hemagglutination inhibition titer prevented hemagglutination of other strains tested and also reacted against the 90-kDa glycoprotein by immunoprecipitation, indicating that this glycoprotein is responsible for the hemagglutinating activity of the viral particle and carries an important neutralization epitope.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Prevalence of natural virus infections in laboratory mice and rats used in Canada.

Results of serological tests carried out over a period of 6 years to detect the presence of antibodies against 14 indigenous viruses in mice and rats used in 32 Canadian institutions are reported. Close to 20,000 individual sera were tested by the complement fixation or the hemagglutination inhibition technics. In order of mouse colony prevalence the six most common viruses present were pneumonia virus of mice, mouse hepatitis virus, rat virus, minute virus of mice, Sendai, and Theiler's mouse encephalomyelitis viruses. The most common viruses present in rat colonies were minute virus of mice, K virus, coronaviruses (rat coronavirus or sialodacryoadenitis virus), rat virus, H-1, pneumonia virus of mice, Theiler's mouse encephalomyelitis viruses, Sendai, and reovirus 3.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

An enteric coronavirus of the rabbit: detection by immunoelectron microscopy and identification of structural polypeptides.

The immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) technique has been used for the detection of a rabbit enteric coronavirus (RECV). Immune serum was prepared in guinea pigs; the viral antigen used for the immunization procedure was obtained from the caecum of a sick rabbit, concentrated by centrifugation and purified on Percoll gradient. In order to identify the viral particles used in the immunization procedure, the protein pattern of the particles was determined by electrophoresis and compared with the pattern of other known coronaviruses. Analysis of structural polypeptides of the purified viral particles revealed a pattern similar to that reported for other coronaviruses. These polypeptides cross reacted with two other coronavirus specific immune sera (IBV and TGE). IEM assay of fecal samples collected from healthy and sick rabbits showed the presence of immune aggregates in specimens from both sick and healthy rabbits. Those aggregates contained viral particles sharing morphological characteristics with other coronaviruses. Furthermore, IEM assay was shown to be more sensitive than a direct EM procedure to detect coronavirus particles in rabbit feces. This assay also allowed the detection of a larger number of chronic carriers.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Hemagglutinating activity associated with bovine herpesvirus type 1.

Using C57BL/HPB mouse erythrocytes, hemagglutination has been observed with the Los Angeles and Colorado-1 strains of bovine herpesvirus type 1 and with 12 other Canadian field isolates as well. The specificity of the hemagglutination observed with the viral strains has been confirmed by a hemagglutination-inhibition assay.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Experimental pneumovirus infections. 2. Hydrocephalus of hamsters and mice due to infection with human respiratory syncytial virus (RS).

Respiratory syncytial virus (RS) injected into suckling hamsters and mice via the cerebral route induced hydrocephalus in 35% of the animals. The pathogenesis of the condition has been examined by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and virus isolation. Infection of leptomeninges and ependyma was revealed by immunofluorescence of virus-specific antigens between Days 3 and 7 after inoculation. Histologically, eosinophilic inclusion bodies were visible within the cytoplasma of ependymal and meningeal cells. A patent aqueduct was observed in all hydrocephalic animals but one. These observations point out the affinity of RS virus for the cerebroventricular system of newborns and the induction of pathologic changes in experimental hydrocephalus without stenosis of the aqueduct.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental pneumovirus infections: 1. Hydrocephalus of mice due to infection with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM).

The effects of the intracerebral inoculation of pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) into neonatal mice were investigated by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and viral isolation. Viral inclusions and virus-specific antigens, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence, were maximal on the 6th day after inoculation, revealing general infection of ependyma and very limited infection of the leptomeninges and the choroid plexus. Hydrocephalus occurred on Day 21 in 80% of inoculated mice. This report describes the sequence of pathologic events leading to hydrocephalus and supports recent studies indicating that stenosis of the aqueduct is a secondary phenomenon not causally related to the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was shown to be significantly related to the affected ependyma of the ventricular system. These observations, together with other recent findings, suggest that ependymal cells could play a strategic role in the flow of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Animals↗