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Biomedical subjects

G Lloyd

Publications and source records attributed to G Lloyd.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in Aujeszky's disease.

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) was studied using as targets 51Cr-labelled Vero cells infected with the Bartha strain of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV). Using hyperimmune anti-ADV serum to sensitize the targets, porcine leukocytes from dextran-sedimented blood were found to be efficient effector cells yielding maximal 51Cr release by 16 hours. Whilst complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody could be demonstrated no enhancement of ADCC by complement was found. The sera of pigs vaccinated i.m. with Bartha virus were titrated in ADCC using leukocytes as effector cells and the results compared with those obtained by virus neutralization. ADCC proved to be a much more sensitive technique and might, therefore, provide the basis for a reliable diagnostic test. Partially purified lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from blood and peritoneal exudates, and macrophages from exudates were found to mediate ADCC with hyperimmune serum, but differences were observed in the efficiency and timing of their cytotoxic effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effects of swab materials and transport media on Aujeszky's disease virus.

The effect of swab materials on the recovery of Aujeszky's disease virus from various transport media held at 4 degrees C was investigated over a five day period. No significant loss in infectivity was found in control preparations, approximately 50 per cent of infectivity was recovered from fluids containing applicator wire and approximately 10 per cent from fluids containing polyester fibre or cotton wool. Virus recovery from fluids containing wooden applicator sticks ranged from no virus recovery in protein free media to from 1 to 10 per cent in protein containing media. Freezing followed by thawing was the most effective of the physical methods used for eluting virus from swab materials.

Culture Techniques↗
PubMed1977

A case of Ebola virus infection.

In November 1976 an investigator at the Microbiological Research Establishment accidentally inoculated himself while processing material from patients in Africa who had been suffering from a haemorrhagic fever of unknown cause. He developed an illness closely resembling Marburg disease, and a virus was isolated from his blood that resembled Marburg virus but was distinct serologically. The course of the illness was mild and may have been modified by treatment with human interferon and convalescent serum. Convalescence was protracted; there was evidence of bone-marrow depression and virus was excreted in low titre for some weeks. Recovery was complete. Infection was contained by barrier-nursing techniques using a negative-pressure plastic isolator and infection did not spread to attendant staff or to the community.

Democratic Republic of the Congo↗
PubMed1977

Experimental infection of monkeys with Herpesvirus suis (Aujeszky's-disease virus).

Monkeys were infected intranasally with Herpesvirus suis. After an incubation period of 7 to 13 days the animals became acutely ill and rapidly died. Clinical signs included salivation, incoordination, ataxia and epileptiform convulsions, but not pruritus. Histopathological changes were confined to the central nervous system, and consisted of destruction of neurones with the formation of intranuclear inclusion bodies, gliosis and perivascular cuffing. Virus was isolated from the brain and spinal cord in the later stages of the illness but neutralising antibodies were not detected in serum. The distribution of lesions indicated direct spread of virus from the inoculation site along cranial nerves to the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of ulcerative colitis with oral disodium cromoglycate. A double-blind controlled trial.

Twelve patients with ulcerative protocolitis were treated for six months with each of oral disodium cromoglycate (2 g/day) and placebo in a double-blind cross-over trial. The active drug significantly improved the patients' sense of well-being and the signoidoscopic and rectal biopsy appearances. Orally administered disodium cromoglycate may have a place in the long-term management of colitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

The pathogenesis and pathology of experimental Quaranfil virus infection.

Mice were infected intranasally with Quaranfil arbovirus, and killed at intervals from 1 day to 2 months later. The infection produced clinical signs of neurological disturbance and a highly mortality. The virus could be isolated from the lungs on Days 1-9 and from the brain on Days 1-11 of the infection. Meningoencephalitis developed by Day 5 in the olfactory lobes and spread progressively caudally, involving all regions of the brain by Day 7. The prinicipal features of the inflammatory process were perivascular cuffing, necrosis of neurones, and, in the later stages, spongiform degeneration and marked astrocytic and microglial activity. In the lungs after a short and mild exudative phase interstitial pneumonia developed. This was characterized by proliferation of connective tissue cells in interalveolar septa and later by fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The general practitioner and changes in obstetric practice.

Compared with the 1960s fewer general practitioners today are obtaining a postgraduate diploma in obstetrics, and the future more stringent criteria for practitioners wishing to undertake this will probably restrict the numbers of family doctors wishing to practise in this field. More deliveries are being performed in institutions--either in consultant or general-practitioner units. Morever, within a decade probably few G.P.s will attend during normal labour or delivery, which can and should be conducted by midwives. In future, therefore, G.P.s should have a new role in obstetrics, being responsible for some antenatal supervision and postnatal care, including postnatal examinations, taking a cervical smear, and advice on birth control.

Birth Rate↗
PubMed1975

Mast cells and immunoglobulin E in inflammatory bowel disease.

The numbers of mast cells and of IgE-containing immunocytes in the bowel wall of patients suffering from Crohn's disease of ulcerative colitis have been estimated and the results compared with those found in normal control specimens. In ulcerative colitis there is a slight rise in the number of mast cells and it appears that these participate in the inflammatory process in a non-specific manner; the number of IgE-containing immunocytes is not significantly altered. In Crohn's disease there is an almost total absence of stainable mast cells in affected areas of the bowel, together with a marked decrease in IgE-containing immunocytes. It is suggested that these findings are due to degranulation of mast cells and consumption of IgE as a result of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction in the bowel wall, this being one component of the protein inflammatory and immunological response to the entry of a variety of antigenic material.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗