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Biomedical subjects

G Lahnborg

Publications and source records attributed to G Lahnborg.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Human granulocyte and reticuloendothelial system function during intralipid infusion.

In six patients, the phagocytic and catabolic functions of the RES (reticuloendothelial system), as measured by using 125I-microaggregated human serum albumin as a test substance, were not affected by Intralipid infusion. The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction of granulocytes, the NBT reduction and the bacplasma, was significantly lower in eight patients during Intralipid infusion than before this treatment. When heat-killed E. coli were added for phagocytic stimulation in vitro, the same result was obtained only in the absence of plasma. The bactericidal capacity of granulocytes was significantly decreased in six patients during Intralipid infusion. When Intralipid was added in vitro to granulocytes, the NBT reduction, and the bactericidal capacity of these cells were decreased and the effect was mainly dose-dependent. Electron micrographs show that granulocytes phagocytize Intralipid. The loading of granulocytes with lipid particles may block the engulfment of bacteria and may be a reason for the decreased bactericidal capacity of these cells. An influence exerted by the lipid on the cell membrane is the most conceivable reason for the decreased NBT reduction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Phagocyte function in various situations in surgery.

A brief presentation is given of granulocyte physiology, as well as some techniques in use for assessing the adherance, the migration, the uptake and bacterial killing and finally the metabolic activity of these cells. Also the activities of the reticuloendothelial system and an in vivo method to measure the phagocytic and metabolic function of macrophages are described. A change, most often a decrease, in phagocytic function has been noted in several circumstances common in surgical practice. So is the case after open heart surgery, during infusion with colloids for blood replacement, and during treatment with immunosuppressive drugs. Further, various forms of malnutrition, such as total starvation, obesity and the hypertriglyceridemia following excessive infusion of fat emulsions may impair granulocyte function.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1978

The Mallory-Weiss syndrome. A review of 23 cases with special reference to coagulation defects.

The Mallory-Weiss syndrome is defined as bleeding from longitudinal tears in the gastro-oesophageal junction. The characteristic history consists of repeated vomiting followed by sudden haematemesis. During the past 4 1/2 years, 23 patients, 17 males and 6 females with the diagnosis of Mallory-Weiss syndrome were treated in our institution. An aetiological factor has been sought for. In a review of the case-records, we discovered that many patients had coagulation defects on admission. This was verified with extended coagulation tests at later follow-up. It is proposed that non-bleeding lacerations in the cardiac orifice in conjunction with vomiting is a common occurence, and that the Mallory-Weiss syndrome may be regarded as a complication occuring predominantly in patients with some coagulation defect.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of low-dose heparin prophylaxis on arterial oxygen tension after high laparotomy.

The effect of low doses of heparin (5000 units of sodium heparin every 12 hours for 5 days) on arterial oxygenation was studied in 24 patients in the postoperative period after upper abdominal surgery. Another 24 patients served as a control group. The arterial oxygen tension was the same in both groups preoperatively and was equally significantly reduced during the 1st postoperative day. During the 2nd day, oxygen tension rose in the heparin-treated group to values which no longer differed significantly from the peroperative level. In the control group the significant reduction persisted until the 4th postoperative day. The arterial carbon-dioxide tension did not differ between the groups, neither did it vary significantly between days. There were no clinical signs of large pulmonary embolism during the postoperative period, chest X-ray was normal in all patients examined and a photoscan was normal in 23 of 24 subjects studied. Low-dose heparin treatment may apparently shorten the period of postoperative hypoxaemia, probably by counteracting both large pulmonary emboli and microthromboembolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Induced fat embolism in rabbits: effects of defibrinogenation and thrombocytopenia.

Fat embolism was induced in rabbits by giving an intravenous injection of radioactively labelled homologous retroperitoneal fat. One group was defibrinogenated by Arvin. A second group was made thrombocytopenic by treatment with Busulphan. After the animals had been made thrombocytopenic and had been defibrinogenated, respectively, fat embolism was induced. Macroscopic and histologic examinations were carried out, as well as recordings of wet weight and radioactivity content of the lung. There was a highly significant increase in the pulmonary wet weight of thrombocytopenic animals compared with controls. Macroscopic as well as histologic examination revealed a massive interstitial and alveolar oedema. Half of the specimens showed moderate to massive bleedings. Defibrinogenated animals did not differ from controls. Under the given circumstances, the results suggest that platelets are protective to the endothelial lining of the pulmonary capillaries during embolism. The presence or absence of fibrinogen initially does not seem to be of major importance for the pulmonary damage induced by fat injection.

Ancrod↗
PubMed1976

Effect of low-dose heparin on the phagocytic and catabolic function in the reticulo-endothelial system in man during surgery.

The effect of subcutaneous low-dose heparin prophylaxis on the phagocytic and catabolic functions of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) was studied in 10 patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The patients were divided into two groups; 5 patients receiving 5 000 units of heparin preoperatively and every 12 hours following the operation and 5 patients given saline at the corresponding time. Each patient served as his own control, when the RES function was tested twice with microaggregated human serum albumin labelled with 125I as a test substance. There was an enhanced phagocytic activity and a correspondingly raised catabolic activity of the RES in patients treated with heparin. The reasons for this are discussed. The results indicate that heparin in low doses has a favourable effect on the RES.

Heparin↗
PubMed1975

Clinical and haemostatic parameters related to thromboembolism and low-dose heparin prophylaxis in major surgery.

In a study of 112 patients undergoing elective major surgery clinical and haemostatic data was followed in connection with a double-blind investigation on the effect of subcutaneous low-dose heparin prophylaxis. None of the patients developed severe thromboembolism but according to lung photoscanning and leg scanning 41 of the patients had deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism. Clinically thromboembolism appeared within 4 days after operation. In 22 patients with epidural anaesthesia the incidence of thromboembolism was lower than in the patients with general anaesthesia. The extension of the operation was positively correlated to a higher incidence of thromboembolism. The surgical trauma was reflected in most of the routine haemostatic laboratory parameters, hiding possible minor changes caused by subclinical thromboembolic complications. The low doses of heparin could only be detected with more sensitive methods. A comparison of sodium and calcium heparin administered subcutaneously revealed no significant differences.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗