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Biomedical subjects

G Komposch

Publications and source records attributed to G Komposch.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Mechanical loading triggers specific biochemical responses in mandibular condylar chondrocytes.

The effect of mechanical loading on the phosphorylation state of condylar cartilage proteins was investigated by high resolution electrophoretic analysis of 32P-labelled proteins from mechanically stimulated rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes. Specific dephosphorylation (and/or loss) of an acidic, 35-36 kDa protein(s) and of proteins overlapping with members of the ras superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins was observed. These responses may constitute part of a mechanically induced transduction system which establishes the differentiated phenotype.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1994

[Orthodontic materials studied in the HET-CAM test for mucosa-irritating effects].

A total of 33 different substances used in orthodontic therapy were investigated for their potential to irritate mucous membranes. As an alternative to animal testing, the HET-CAM test (Hens Eggs Chorioallantois Membrane Test) was employed. The effects of the substances on the vessels of the chorioallantois membrane, such as haemorrhage, lysis, and coagulation, were videotaped and evaluated. When polymerized correctly in accordance with manufacturers' instructions, plastic materials used for removable orthodontic appliances and bracket bonding caused no irritation. Liquid primers for bracket bonding and monomer substances were highly irritating. Etching gels for decalcification of the enamel surfaces were far less irritating than liquid etching substances. Thus, primers should be handled with care; the use of liquid monomers should be avoided in the oral cavity; and etching gels should be preferred to liquid etching substances.

Allantois↗
PubMed1994

[The nasometer. An instrument for the objective study of hyperrhinophonia in cheilognathopalatoschisis patients].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the nasometer in diagnosing hypernasality in cleft palate patients. For this purpose the results of the nasometric examination of 30 patients with hypernasality were compared with the results obtained by using the currently taught methods. Sensitivity and specificity of nasometry were high with coefficients, respectively, of 0.80 and 1.00. Overall accuracy reached 0.90. Our results, which correspond almost exactly to those obtained in similar Anglo-American studies, demonstrate that also in German-speaking countries the nasometer can be a reliable instrument for diagnosing hypernasality. Moreover, the nasometer presents the possibility of calculating the extent of hypernasality during routine examination and diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Hyperrhinophonia and craniofacial structure. A cephalometric analysis].

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the cephalometric measurements and the nasalance scores. Therefore the lateral cephalograms of 44 cleft palate patients were analysed and compared with the nasometric findings. The results revealed significant differences for the maxilla: the SNA angle and the inclination of the palatal plane were significantly related to the occurrence of hypernasality. Furthermore, the length of the soft palate and the ratio Spp-Ad3/Spp-V were found to be essential for the resonance of speech.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Video-feedback therapy with the flexible nasopharyngoscope. The potentials for modifying velopharyngeal closure and phonation deficiencies in cleft patients].

Psychological interviews with cleft palate patients have revealed why a number of these patients do not profit, or do so only on a limited basis, from conventional speech therapy. They don't control articulation by means of the auditory canal. To treat these patients the video feedback therapy with the nasopharyngoscopy (Witzel et al.) was employed as the initial step. The next step was to expand on this method by establishing indication criteria, necessary diagnostic techniques, and an efficient therapy plan. In this paper a single case study is employed to discuss this method and show the results attained by its use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The etiology of canine tooth impaction--a space analysis].

The aim of this study was to examine to what extent excess space must be taken into consideration as an etiological factor in upper canine impaction with special attention paid to the role of the adjacent laterals. To clarify this question the pre- and post-treatment models of 63 patients with a total of 84 impacted cuspids were measured and the cephalograms of 116 patients having 144 impacted cuspids were analyzed. The results of this study revealed: 84.5% of the cuspids were palatally impacted while 15.5% were labially impacted. An arch deficiency was found in only 18% of the palatally impacted cuspids, whereas there was an arch-length deficiency in 46% of the buccally impacted. In 35% of the cases there was a correlation between peg shaped laterals and palatal impaction, however, such was not present in the patients with vestibular retention. Finally the cephalometric data revealed horizontal growth characteristics in 80% of the palatally impacted canines as opposed to 23% in those labially impacted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The direct transplantation of desmodont fibroblasts onto the necks of the teeth--a step in the expansion of the treatment potentials in orthodontics?].

The loss of periodontal support, especially of the periodontal ligament, presents the orthodontist with a constraining factor precisely in the treatment of patients who have reached adult and senior citizen age. Given this situation it was decided to take small biopsies of periodontal ligament cells, grow them, amplify them in vitro, and then with the help of different types of membranes, some of which consisted of resorbable materials, which served as cell carriers, transplant them onto tooth roots. The work reported here constitutes a starting point for research aimed at actively and directly re-populating tooth roots with periodontal ligament fibroblasts and thus, by improving the overall periodontal condition, widen the spectrum of treatment possibilities open to the orthodontist.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Localized alveolar ridge augmentation before orthodontic treatment. A case report.

Extraction spaces are usually characterized by narrow, atrophic alveolar ridges, which make it difficult to move teeth orthodontically within these areas. Guided tissue regeneration is often used for alveolar ridge augmentation in implantology. In the case presented, localized alveolar ridge augmentation was performed as a preliminary procedure before orthodontic closure of an edentulous space. Guided tissue regeneration enhances the possibilities of orthodontic treatment in adult patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Early orthodontic treatment of the deciduous dentition. The therapeutic potentials and indications].

The purpose of orthodontic treatment of the deciduous dentition is to prevent the skeletal manifestation of anomalies. Anterior open bites, abnormal posterior occlusions, lateral cross-bites and negative (reverse) overjets, may be preserved in the permanent dentition. Early recognition of the anomalies and their aetiology makes it possible, by eliminating bad habits and through the use of simple appliances, to normalise occlusion and ensure physiological development of the permanent dentition.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[The testing of the toxicity of the plastics used in orthodontics].

Eighteen bracket adhesives and one to three differently coloured samples of the plastic materials Orthocryl and Wil-o-dont used for removable appliances were tested for toxicity in vitro by cell culture using both L-929 mouse fibroblasts and human keratinocytes. The results differed from product to product. Some adhesives were moderately and some slightly toxic, while others were non-toxic. After 30 days of washing in PBS, none of the adhesives showed any toxicity. Orthocryl was not toxic regardless of colour, while the possible toxicity of Wil-o-dont could be a problem.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The stability of orthodontic treatment results].

A posttreatment evaluation of 72 patients, who are approximately 5.8 years out of retention, showed only little changes between the last appointment and the follow-up examination. The results can be considered stable. The statistic analysis indicated a correlation among some changes, which are important for treatment and therapy planning. For the stability in transversal and sagittal direction a maximal intercuspidation of the premolars and molars is as important as the exact positioning of the canines with lateral contacts in the dental arch. Transversal over-expansion should be avoided, because those results cannot be stabilized in the postretention period. The functional adaptation of muscles, the abolishment of habits and the duration of retention are essential preconditions for a stable treatment result.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Sucking efficiency of early orthopaedic plate and teats in infants with cleft lip and palate.

Intraoral negative pressure during bottle feeding with two kinds of teats (a regular Nuk and a cleft Nuk) was measured in 7 infants with cleft lip and palate, 8 infants with cleft palate, 2 infants with cleft lip, 4 infants with operated cleft lip and palate and 7 normal infants. Infants with cleft lip and palate or cleft palate were unable to generate negative pressure before cleft lip and palate closure. The presence or absence of an early orthopaedic plate did not make any difference. In infants with unoperated cleft lip and with operated cleft lip and palate, peak negative pressure during feeding differed little from that of normal infants.

Bottle Feeding↗
PubMed1991

[Results of functional activator treatment of collum fractures in the growth period].

29 children aged between 2 and 16 and suffering from fractures of the condylar process were treated by functional appliances, 15 of them received previous intermaxillary wiring. Clinical and radiological reexamination including nuclear magnetic resonance tomography of the TMJ revealed good results for the use of functional appliances without previous immobilization.

Activator Appliances↗